In 1858, the American Hamilton Smith made the first washing machine in the history of mankind, however, the operation of this "simple device" is not much easier than the traditional way of washing, and also damage to the clothes, and therefore not widely used. But Smith's invention marked the beginning of the era of machine washing.
Smith's invention inspired many inventors, which led to the continuous upgrading and improvement of the wooden hand-cranked washing machine. Just a year after Smith's invention, a washing machine that used a mortar and pestle as an agitator appeared in Germany. Its main principle was that the up and down movement of the mortar and pestle drove a wooden peg fitted with a spring to continuously beat the clothes. Of course, this invention was only a slight improvement in the "agitation device", and did not significantly improve the efficiency of the laundry.
Until 1874, American Bill Blacks invented a new wooden hand-cranked washing machine, which opened up a new way of thinking for the development of washing machines. Blacks' washing machine was also simple in structure, and the main component was also a wooden barrel, but the barrel was inlaid with six blades.
The highlight of this washer is that the barrel is directly driven by a handle and gears, which turns the clothes inside the barrel, thus achieving the purpose of "purifying" the clothes. The operation of this washing machine was significantly less laborious and more efficient than that of the previous "rotating agitator" washing machine, and this invention led to the further popularization of the washing machine.
Toward the end of the 19th century, an octagonal washing tank was introduced, with a liquid-rolling device that allowed clothes to be dewatered.
Since the birth of the steam engine, this power plant has been used in a variety of machines to replace manual operation. 1880, the United States was born the first steam-powered washing machine, which marks the beginning of the replacement of human power steam power, washing machines are finally realized machine operation. However, a steam engine unit plus a laundry unit made the new steam-powered washing machine slightly bulky.
Until 1887, France appeared a small size, easy to carry, suitable for housewives to use the steam washing machine, which makes the steam washing machine in the use of the efficiency of a qualitative leap. With the steam washing machine as an opportunity, the streets began to appear steam laundry, where the steam washing machine to play a big role in the "laundry service industry" began to flourish.
After the steam washing machine, the water-powered washing machine appeared. The water-powered washing machine is used on the ship, which mainly consists of a washing drum, a power source and some connecting parts. There are water inlet and outlet holes on the washing machine, as well as clothes inlet holes and a sealing cover, a power source on the washing machine shell, and the whole is connected to the hull of the ship through connecting parts.
The water power washing machine solves the trouble of washing clothes on the boat of the water people, only natural river water power can wash the clothes, save time and reduce the burden of household chores at the same time, so it is widely used by the water people.
Let the washing machine really step into the "modern", or the birth of the power washing machine. 1911, still in the United States, the first power-driven washing machine trial production success. This washing machine was powered by a small generator, and the main component was a large drum that would rotate, putting clothes and detergent inside the drum.
Driven by electricity, the stirring blades rotate rapidly, and the clothes roll back and forth in the water to achieve the purpose of cleaning. It can be said that the power washer opened the booming era of washing machines.
The 1920s, electricity has entered the ordinary people's homes, power washing machine has gradually become the market's new favorite. After solving the problem of power washing machine, manufacturers began to research and develop new washing machines to improve the washing effect.
In 1922, the U.S. Maytag company developed a new agitator washing machine, the agitator washing machine is installed in the center of the barrel on a vertical axis, the lower end of the vertical axis is equipped with stirring wings, driven by an electric motor vertical axis, the periodic positive and negative swing, thus prompting the clothing and water flow constantly tumbling, friction, to achieve the purpose of washing the stains. This washing machine was very popular at that time because of its scientific and reasonable structure.
In 1932, again in the United States, Bendix Aeronautics developed a drum-type washing machine. This was a washing machine that could wash, rinse and spin continuously, all in the same drum. The introduction of the drum washing machine meant another big step forward in the development of power washing machines. To this day, drum washing machines are still widely used around the world.
In addition to the agitator and drum, another major genre of washing machine was born a few years later. 1937, Britain developed and introduced a jet washer, which relied on the strong eddy current generated by the running wheel on one side of the drum to make the clothes and detergent together in the drum continuously tumbling, so as to wash the clothes. 1955, Japan's Sanyo Company developed a unique style, popular today, wave washer, which was based on the jet washer in Britain. In 1955, based on the British jet washer, the Japanese company Sanyo developed the unique style and popularity of the wave washing machine to this day.
Wheel washing machine in the bottom of the washing drum is equipped with a disk wave wheel, the disk has a protruding rib. Driven by this wheel, the water flow in the washing drum can form a positive and negative rotating eddy current, thus driving the clothes to follow the rotation, tumbling, so that the friction between the clothes and the clothes, clothes and the drum wall, coupled with the role of detergent, the clothes of the detergent cleaning effect is very ideal.
So far, agitator, drum type, wave type washing machine three world pattern is officially formed.
With the further development of science and technology, the automation and intelligence of the washing machine has gradually become an important direction of its development. The so-called automatic washing machine, that is, in the program setter control, according to the requirements of the automatic completion of the clothes washing, rinsing and dehydration device.
In fact, as early as the 1930s and 1940s, there have been some program-controlled washing machines. But the washing machine really into the "automation" era is more than 20 years later, Japan is the automated washing machine development and promotion of the biggest contributor.
The 1960s saw rapid economic development around the world and a rapid rise in the popularity of washing machines in homes. At this time, a two-barrel washing machine with a tumble drying drum was born in Japan. This washing machine will be washing and drying in two processes to complete, the two parts can also be operated independently. It was because of this "two for one" feature that this washing machine was called a "semi-automatic washing machine".
In the 1970s, Japan introduced a fully automated washing machine with a drum set. This device is set in the program, can be washed to dry the process in the same drum at once, thus realizing the whole process of automation of the washing wheel washing machine. It was with the introduction of this washing machine that the concept of "fully automatic washing machine" officially emerged.
A few years later, Japan will be "automatic washing machine" upgraded, launched a microcomputer-controlled automatic washing machine, complete the washing machine from the mechanical electric program control to computerized control of the transition. This washing machine is simpler to operate, more complete functions, laundry program has been improved, the appearance of the shape is more fashionable than the original, people refreshing.
In the late 1980s, "fuzzy control" began to be applied to washing machines, realizing a high degree of automation in the control of household appliances. It was around this time that the concept of "white goods" began to emerge, with washing machines, refrigerators and other household appliances as the main auxiliary appliances, and electrical appliances have become a necessity in people's lives, and began to be categorized by the concept of "black" and "white" colors.
Benefiting from the advancement of industrial technology and the application of synthetic materials and plastics, washing machines at this time not only made great progress in the control mode, but also began to pay more attention to cater to people's aesthetic interests and habits of use in the appearance and shape. The washing machine has begun to strive to meet the needs of people from all aspects.
Entering the 1990s, due to the advancement of motor speed control technology, washing machine solved the problem of wide range of large speed ratio of speed change and adjustment. Immediately after, due to the progress of motor drive technology, Japan was the first to launch the motor direct-drive washing machine, this washing machine eliminates the cumbersome gear transmission and variable speed mechanism, instead of direct drive circuit drive, speed regulation, realize the revolution in the driving mode of the washing machine.
In addition, the manufacturing industry and the progress of various application technologies, so that the manufacturing process of the washing machine continues to improve, the production process has also achieved a high degree of automation and intensification.
In the 21st century, the home appliance market appeared one after another all kinds of intelligent automatic washing machine. Intelligent automatic washing machines can automatically determine the material, quantity, and dirtiness of the clothes, and thus decide to put the amount of detergent and the best washing program. In addition, there is the ability to imitate the human washing action of "intelligent hand washing", automatic drying, reservation washing and other functions, these are one-button automatic control.
Additionally, there are washing machines for babies, women, and other user groups, as well as washing machines that are positioned in the high, middle, and low end of the spectrum. As the concept of "smart home" is getting hotter and hotter, many home appliance manufacturers are focusing on developing intelligent products to bring users a new laundry experience.
Expanded Information:
Washing Machine Maintenance Knowledge:
1. The washing machine should be carefully read the product manual before use. When using the washing machine should be placed on a flat and solid ground, and the distance from the wall and other objects must be kept more than 5 centimeters.
2. Washing materials should be sorted and batched according to material, color and degree of dirtiness.
3. Before washing, remove the debris in the bag to prevent hard objects such as nails, coins and hairpins from entering the washing drum; clothes with mud and sand should be removed before placing them in the washing drum; woolen threads should be placed in a yarn bag to be washed.
Baidu Encyclopedia - Washing Machine