1. The legal age of the elderly was lowered from 70 years old to 65 years old or above in order to meet the needs of the society and conform to the trend of the world, taking into consideration the legislative examples of the advanced countries.
2. The types of welfare institutions for the elderly are defined as long-term care institutions, nursing institutions, hospice institutions, cultural and recreational institutions, and service institutions. And to give a buffer period, in this law published two years after the date of failure to file a case, before being punished, in order to break through the long unsolved problem of the legal establishment of unregistered elderly hospice centers.
Third, in order to assist the elderly who are physically and mentally impaired and need assistance in their daily lives to receive the continuous care they need, local governments should provide or combine private resources to provide the following in-home services: in-home nursing care, in-home nursing care, housekeeping services, friendly visits, telephone greeting, food service, improvement of the in-home environment, and other related in-home services. The local government shall decide on the implementation methods of the home services.
Fourth, in order to safeguard the financial life of the elderly, living allowances, special care allowances, and annuity insurance systems are gradually planned and implemented. In addition, when the elderly or their legal dependents are unable to pay for medical expenses such as universal health insurance, local governments should provide subsidies.
Fifth, to strengthen the protection of the elderly, it is clearly stipulated that those who are obligated by law or contract to support the elderly and have abandoned, obstructed their freedom, harmed, physically or mentally abused, or left an elderly person who is incapable of taking care of himself or herself to stay alone in an environment that is prone to danger or injury, shall be sentenced to a fine of not less than NT$30,000 and not more than NT$150,000, and shall have his or her name announced, and shall be sent to the judiciary if he or she is involved in a criminal case; and those who have committed serious crimes shall be sentenced to a fine of not more than four hours' imprisonment. In serious cases, they should be given more than four hours of family education and counseling, in order to restore our country's tradition of providing for the elderly, and to implement the purpose of caring for the elderly.
The Executive Yuan passed a three-year "Program for Strengthening Elderly Hospice Services" in 1987, under the responsibility of the Ministry of the Interior, in order to provide more diversified services to deal with the problems of the elderly. On June 26, 2002, the Executive Yuan re-approved the "Enhanced Elderly Hospice Program," whose objectives are: to strengthen the elderly's life care, to maintain the elderly's physical and mental health, to protect the elderly's economic security, and to promote the elderly's participation in society. The nine key areas for implementation are: in-home services and family support, the elderly's protection network system, a barrier-free living environment and residential housing, health care and medical care, institutionalized services, subsidies and insurance communities, care and social participation, and the provision of services and services to the elderly in the community. insurance community, care and social participation, professional manpower and training, and education and publicity in order to build a welfare policy for the elderly that meets the social background and global trend of creating a new century of health, dignity, safety and happiness, and to realize the government's goal of caring for the elderly.
Sen, the elderly welfare policies and measures current situation
China is facing the transformation of the family function and demographic changes, and the elderly home care problem, should be given considerable support to maintain its function, or through the necessary community resources or welfare community measures to assist the elderly can still be familiar with the community environment in the old age, if due to health problems, self-care ability to degenerate, In short, whether it is home service, community care or institutional care, the elderly's independent choice should be respected, and dignified services and security of life should be provided.
In order to provide the elderly with comprehensive services and holistic care, the government's health, welfare, transportation, construction, and labor-related agencies have the responsibility to promote the well-being of the elderly, and this article will only summarize the Ministry of the Interior's promotion of welfare for the elderly in terms of its current status and future direction of development. The Ministry of the Interior's measures to promote welfare for the elderly can be divided into health maintenance, economic security, education and rest, stable living, psychological and social adaptation, and other welfare measures, as follows:
1. Health maintenance:
(1) Preventive health care for the elderly
According to the new amendment to the "Elderly Welfare Act," Article 20 stipulates: "The elderly may, at their own discretion, receive regular health checkups for the elderly organized and provided by the local competent authorities. The elderly may, if they wish, receive regular health checkups and health care services organized by the local authorities. The items and methods of the aforementioned health examinations and health care services shall be determined by the central competent authority in conjunction with the central competent authority for health. The Ministry of Health and the Department of Health of the Executive Yuan issued the "Elderly Health Examination and Health Care Service Items and Methods" in a letter dated October 28, 1987, under the title of "Tainan Social Character No. 8788231" and "Department of Health Medical Character No. 870332697", which stipulates in detail the items of the health examination and health care services for the elderly and the manner in which these services are provided, so that county and municipal governments can use these items to coordinate with the National Health Insurance Preventive Health Care Program for the Elderly.
(2) Low- and middle-income elderly people's medical expense subsidies
Since the implementation of universal health insurance on March 1, 1984, universal health care services have been provided, but in order to reduce the financial barriers for low-income households to seek medical treatment, the government subsidizes their own premiums and medical expenses (including the elderly); and the premiums for low- and middle-income elderly people over 70 years old are fully subsidized by the government (the Ministry of Health and Welfare). （The insurance premiums for middle- and low-income people over 70 years old are also fully subsidized by the government (the Ministry).
(3) Subsidies for Hospitalization Care Expenses for the Elderly with Low and Middle Income
In order to provide proper care for the elderly during the period of hospitalization due to serious illnesses and to alleviate their financial burdens, subsidies for hospitalization care expenses for the elderly with low and middle incomes are provided; the subsidies are NT$ 750 per person per day for the elderly with low and middle incomes, with the maximum amount of the subsidy being NT$ 90,000 per year, and the subsidies for elderly with low incomes are NT$ 1,500 per person per day with the maximum amount of the subsidy being NT$ 1,500 per person per year, For low- and middle-income seniors, the subsidy is $750 per person per day, with a maximum of $90,000 per year. The cost of living in Taipei City was NT$13,288 in 1991, NT$8,433 in Taiwan Province, NT$9,559 in Kaohsiung City, and NT$6,000 in Kinmen and Lianjiang Counties.
(2) Subsistence allowance for low- and middle-income elderly:
Since July 1, 1982, the allowance has been in effect. In order to stabilize the life of the elderly, where the elderly over 65 years of age are living in poverty and have no one to depend on or have children who are unable to support them, and have not accepted the government's publicly-funded resettlement, the average monthly income of each person in the family is less than the minimum cost of living standard (in 1991, Taipei City was NT$11,443; Taiwan Province of China, NT$8,433; and Kaohsiung City was NT$9,559, and Kinmen and Lianjiang counties, NT$6,000), which is 1.5 times to 2.5 times the minimum cost of living standard. For those who are paid one and a half to two and a half times, each person shall receive a monthly allowance of three to five dollars. For those who are between 1.5 and 2.5 times, each person receives 3,000 yuan per month, while those who are less than 1.5 times receive 6,000 yuan per month. For those who are less than one and a half times, the monthly payment will be 6,000 yuan.
(3) Special Care Allowance for Low- and Middle-Income Elderly
Based on Article 16 of the Elderly Welfare Act, in addition to the gradual planning and implementation of living allowances and annuity insurance systems for the elderly, in order to safeguard the economic life of the elderly, those who are suffering from a long-term chronic disease and whose ability to take care of themselves has been impaired, and who are in need of specialized care, and have not received sheltered housing, in-home care services, or hired caregivers, will be given a special allowance of NT$3,000 per person per month. The Special Care Allowance for Low- and Middle-Income Elderly is provided to the low- and middle-income elderly to compensate for the loss of financial resources due to caring for the elderly at home. However, in response to the expectations of the local governments and representatives of the private sector, the Ministry of Economic Affairs, in response to the letter of January 18, 2002, TCCS No. 0910076048, "Examples of Autonomy Regulations on Special Care Allowance for the Elderly in Municipalities, Counties and Cities", has been formulated to serve as a reference for the promotion of this allowance by the local governments. At present, there are 16 counties and municipalities that handle the granting of this allowance.
Three: Education and Leisure
Taiwan has entered an aging society, and with the nation's health and life expectancy increasing, it is particularly important to arrange for the lives of the elderly over the age of 65 after they retire. In addition to the re-employment market for some of the elderly, as they grow older, the leisure and recreational activities suitable for the elderly are different from those when they were younger, and the importance that the elderly place on enhancing their spiritual life has increased. Therefore, the enrichment of the spiritual life of the elderly focuses on activities that are educational, educational, appreciative, and athletic, as well as activities of a dynamic and static nature, so as to increase the adaptability of the elderly's life and the richness of their lives. In addition, educating the elderly to accept the fact that they are aging, and educating the public to accept the elderly who are unable to take care of themselves are also important issues.
(1) Evergreen Academy
In order to satisfy the needs of the elderly for knowledge and growth, the Evergreen Academy is set up in recreational centers for the elderly or other suitable places to provide the elderly with opportunities for re-enrichment, re-education, and expansion of their life. Learning programs can include diversified courses to help the elderly grow again and adapt to the changing social environment; courses can be divided into leisure (Chinese painting, calligraphy, singing, fitness, etc.), learning (literacy, Mandarin, English, Japanese, etc.), general knowledge (health care, law, etc.), and social (parenting, gender, marriage and family, etc.). etc. According to the Ministry's subsidy regulations for the year 2001, each class must enroll at least 20 elderly people in order to be subsidized, and each class must last at least three months; the maximum subsidy for each class is 60,000 yuan; and the maximum subsidy for each national unit is limited to no more than 600,000 yuan per unit per year.
(2) Age Retirement Study Programs
Subsidizes private organizations to provide study programs for those who are about to retire, in order to enhance people's ability to plan their own careers and their understanding of related knowledge.
(3) Establishment of Elderly Welfare Service (Literary and Recreational Activity) Centers
In order to enrich the spiritual life of the elderly, advocate proper recreation and fellowship, and promote welfare services for the elderly, the Ministry has set up budgets every year to encourage townships and municipalities to set up cultural and recreational centers for the elderly and subsidize them year by year to enrich the facilities and equipment inside the centers, so that they can serve as places for handling various elderly activities and providing welfare services. At present, there are 292 cultural and recreational centers for the elderly in Taiwan and Minnesota, which provide leisure, recreation, arts and crafts, further training, and fellowship activities for the elderly. In addition, in order to meet the demand for welfare services for the elderly, the cultural and recreational activity centers for the elderly have also become important bases for welfare service provision, such as day care, Evergreen Academy, nutritional catering, and home service support centers.
(4) Various kinds of preferential measures
The elderly are given half-price discounts on domestic transportation, access to recreational venues, and visits to cultural and educational facilities, and are encouraged to participate in outdoor activities for their physical and mental health. In the two cities of BeiJing and Gao, as well as the counties and cities of Yilan, Taoyuan, Hsinchu, Miaoli, Changhua, Chiayi, Taitung, Penghu, Kinmen, Lianjiang, Keelung, Taichung, Tainan, HsinChu, and Chiayi, the elderly are now completely free of charge when taking the bus.
(E) Other leisure and recreational activities
County and municipal governments, in an effort to add interest to the lives of the elderly, hold occasional garden parties for the elderly, Evergreen Games, croquet tournaments, and singing contests for the elderly.
Fourth: Stabilizing life
In recent years, in order to stabilize the life of the elderly and to make sure that the problems of the elderly's comfort and care are properly met, the government has increased the budget for welfare for the elderly every year despite the government's financial difficulties, and has actively revised the laws and regulations on welfare for the elderly to lower the legal age for the elderly to more than 60 years of age, in order to enlarge the target group of the caregivers. In addition, local governments and private organizations are subsidizing the construction of welfare institutions for the elderly and upgrading the quality of their services, so that elderly people living in these institutions can feel as warmly cared for as family members. For the majority of low- and middle-income elderly people and those living alone who are unwilling or unable to go to an institution for care, the government also plans to provide home services, day care, nutritious food and drink, home improvements, and medical care, in the hope of respecting the elderly's desire to choose the lifestyle that they deem most desirable, and to live out their lives in their twilight years. The current welfare services for the elderly can be categorized into home care services, community care services, and institutional care services to stabilize their lives, and are described as follows:
(1) Home care services
Although the rapid change in the function of the family in an aging society has had a significant impact on the family, the Ministry of the Interior's 89th annual survey of the living conditions of the elderly has found that the elderly believe that the most desirable way of life for the elderly is to live with their children or in close proximity to one another. The percentage of people who live with their children or next door to each other is 69.6%, with the highest percentage being 68%. The highest percentage was 69.68%, followed by 13.29% for those living with their spouses. The percentage of those living with their spouses was 13.29%, while those living in welfare institutions for the elderly accounted for only 5.2%. The percentage of those who live in welfare institutions for the elderly is only 5.20% (due to the national concept, the quality of institutional care, higher costs, etc.), and the percentage of those who live alone is 6.27%. Those living alone accounted for 6.27%. Therefore, the elderly still expect to live with their children or with their spouses; in other words, the elderly believe that living at home is the most ideal way to live in old age. In order to enhance the ability of families to take care of the elderly so that they can still live in their familiar environment and receive proper care in their old age, the Ministry has allocated funds to subsidize local governments and civil society organizations to actively promote home services for the elderly, so that the elderly do not need to leave their homes in order to receive care, and to enjoy a peaceful old age in their homes, which is in line with the traditional filial piety and ethics of our country.
1. Home-based services
The so-called home-based services means that the services are delivered to the living environment that is familiar to the people who need the services. The services include (a) housework and daily life care services (b) physical care services and so on. In order to enable the elderly living at home to still enjoy the warmth of government care, the province's 21 counties (cities) and Taipei, Kaohsiung, two municipalities have the elderly home services provided. In addition, each county and city government also regularly conducts professional training on home care services to enhance the professional knowledge of caregivers, as well as psychological adjustment and emotional support, so that they can continue to provide the elderly with appropriate services in a consistent manner. In this regard, the Ministry also allocates funds each year to subsidize local governments to actively implement this program. In terms of service fees for in-home caregivers, each hour is subsidized at NT$180, with a maximum of 25 hours of subsidy per month for each case; among them, service fees for low-income seniors are fully subsidized by the Ministry, while low- and middle-income seniors are subsidized by 70%, and the general elderly can apply for in-home care services at their own expense from their counties and municipal governments; and as for the supervisory fee, each case of low- and middle-income seniors is subsidized by the Ministry. As for supervisory fees, each low- and middle-income elderly person who manages a case receives a monthly subsidy of up to $500, while the rest of the subsidy for education and training or comprehensive activities is up to $300,000, which has been allocated to local governments by the Office of the Comptroller General of the Executive Yuan since fiscal year 1990 and will be handled by the local governments themselves. In June 2002, the Ministry of Economic Affairs launched the "Trial Program of Subsidized Home Services for Non-Low-Middle-Income Disabled Elderly and Physically and Mentally Disabled Persons" in order to coordinate with the development of the care service industry and to extend the subsidy to the general disabled citizens.
2. Setting up home service support centers
In order to assist county and municipal governments in actively promoting home services for the elderly, in addition to issuing a letter on March 17, 1987, titled "Strengthening the Implementation Plan for the Promotion of Home Services and the Content of Educational and Training Courses," the Ministry encourages county and municipal governments, as well as townships (townships, municipalities, and districts) to set up support centers for home services as part of the community's efforts to promote home services, or to provide family caregivers with counseling and advice. In addition, county governments and township (township) municipal offices are encouraged to set up home service support centers as a base for promoting home services in the community, providing family caregiver consultation or referral services, and providing support services for home attendants in the vicinity of the home, in order to provide comprehensive welfare services for the elderly in a more efficient manner. To date, 109 units have been set up to provide first-line social welfare services to the community.
3. Low- and middle-income seniors receive subsidies to improve residential facilities and equipment
In order to encourage seniors to stay in their homes, low- and middle-income seniors are subsidized to improve and repair the hardware equipment in their own homes, such as sanitary ware, kitchens, drainage, and bedrooms, so as to maintain the safety of their homes, and are given a subsidy of up to NT$100,000 per household, with no further subsidies for three years for those who have already been approved for subsidies; and those who have leased a residence must have contracted to do so for more than three years. The subsidy will not be available for three years for those who have been approved for the subsidy; those who have rented a home will need to sign a contract for at least three years.
(2) Community care services
The so-called "community care" refers to the mobilization and integration of human, material, and financial resources within the community to provide various welfare services to meet the different needs of different clients in the community, so that they can obtain resources and assistance to meet their needs in their familiar environment. In order to enable the elderly to receive hospice care in their familiar communities, and to make up for the shortcomings of home care, the government is planning and organizing a combination of private organizations to provide relevant community care services, especially for the elderly who live alone or whose children are employed and unable to provide them with home care, which is even more necessary and urgent. At this stage, the main measures of community care include elderly protection, nutritional catering services, day care, and short-term or temporary care, etc., as follows:
1. Elderly protection
Elderly people suffer from the negligence or abuse of their family members, which goes unnoticed, and the safety of their homes is of great importance. Therefore, in accordance with the Elderly Welfare Act, the Ministry has added a new chapter on elderly protection to strengthen the promotion of the establishment of an elderly protection network by local governments, providing legal counseling services, assistance in medical examinations, counseling, and entrusted resettlement in order to implement various protection measures. In order to strengthen the care for the elderly living alone and to protect their lives and property, the Ministry has, since fiscal year 1988, provided special subsidies to local governments to provide the so-called "Emergency Rescue Link" service for the mentally and physically challenged middle-income and low-income elderly living alone, with a maximum subsidy of NT$1,500 per person per month for rent, which is now being actively implemented by the local governments, and is highly appreciated. The so-called LIFELINE emergency assistance system (LIFELINE), which contains a set of users connected to the phone on the host and a wireless remote control waterproof and dustproof portable button, can be worn as a necklace can also be hung on the belt, the user at any time you need to help, they just need to press the portable button, the signal will be able to be transmitted through the host in seconds to the LIFELINE control center, professional caregivers will immediately communicate with the user through voice mail. Nursing staff will immediately communicate with the user through the voice system to get in touch with the user, and if help is needed, the user's designated emergency contact or ambulance will be contacted immediately to ensure the user's safety.
2. Day care
For elderly people living alone who are not receiving home services or institutional care, or for those who are unable to provide family care due to their children's employment, the Ministry encourages local governments to set up day care centers, where family members will send the elderly to the day care centers during the day for daily care and educational breaks, and then take them back to their homes at night to enjoy the warmth and care of their family members. In the evening, the elderly are brought home to enjoy the warmth and care of their families. The day care not only enhances the elderly's participation in social activities and reduces the incidence of euthymia, but also provides family caregivers with the opportunity to take a break.
There are two main types of day care, one is the medical model, which provides medical and rehabilitation services, i.e., "day care centers" under the supervision of health units, and the other is the social model, which provides meals and activity arrangements, i.e., "day care centers" under the supervision of social administration units. (From FY88 onwards, the subsidized care fee is limited to the conservation type, with a maximum monthly subsidy of $5,000 per person for low-income elderly and $3,000 per person for middle- and low-income elderly)
3. Nutritional Meal Service
The average life expectancy of nationals continues to lengthen in an aging society, and the ability to take care of themselves recedes with age or health impacts, so it is necessary to provide nutritious meals to reduce the risk of cooking and shopping for the elderly. Therefore, it is necessary to provide nutritious meals in order to minimize the risk of cooking and the inconvenience of shopping for the elderly. For low-income households and low- and middle-income seniors, the Ministry subsidizes up to $50 per meal per person, and encourages volunteers to participate in meal delivery services to care for the elderly by subsidizing up to $100 per person per day for volunteer transportation costs. With regard to meal delivery, for the elderly who are mobile, the Department selects appropriate places to provide meals and centralized meals; for those who have difficulty moving, meals are delivered to their homes, which solves the problem of the elderly's cooking on the one hand, and lets the elderly get in touch with the community and gain emotional support on the other.
4. Short-term or temporary care
When family caregivers are unable to take care of the elderly for a short period of time due to illness or reasons, short-term or temporary care is provided to ease the stress and emotions of the family caregivers and to enhance professional knowledge.
(3) Institutional care services
Based on scholarly estimates, there are at least 50,000 elderly people in need of long-term care in China, and many others are unable to live on their own due to the loss of their ability to perform daily activities. Although the vast majority of the elderly wish to live with their families (including their children and spouses), there are still some elderly people who must rely on the care of elderly welfare organizations. Therefore, how to enhance the function of welfare services, improve professional quality, protect the safety of the elderly, and allow the public to feel at ease in sending their elders to the care of the organization, so that the elders under the care of the organization will be treated with dignity, etc., are all important issues. Elderly welfare organizations are an important core of welfare services for the elderly, and also an important stronghold for the delivery of welfare services. Currently, the measures taken by the government in the area of institutional care services are, on the one hand, to assist registered elderly welfare organizations to improve their service quality by means of incentives, subsidies, and supervision; and on the other hand, to penalize unregistered elderly welfare organizations in accordance with the provisions of the Elderly Welfare Act, as well as to form a task force to actively counsel them on how to register their cases. On the other hand, it imposes penalties on welfare organizations that fail to register under the Elderly Welfare Act, and at the same time, it forms special teams to actively counsel them on how to register in order to protect the rights and interests of the elderly.
According to Article 9 of the Elderly Welfare Act, welfare organizations for the elderly can be classified into the following five categories, each with a different clientele.
(1) Long-term care institutions: These institutions are designed to take care of the elderly who are suffering from long-term chronic illnesses and in need of medical care.
(2) Nursing care institutions: aiming to take care of the elderly who are unable to take care of themselves and have no need for skilled nursing services.
(3) Hospice Care Institutions: for the purpose of caring for the elderly at their own expense, or for those who have no dependent relatives, or whose dependent relatives are incapable of supporting them.
(4) Cultural and recreational institutions: for the purpose of organizing recreational, leisure, cultural, artistic, technical, training and social activities for the elderly.
(5) Service Organizations: To provide comprehensive services such as day care, temporary care, employment information, volunteer services, residential services, catering services, short-term protection and placement, retirement preparation services, and legal counseling services for the elderly.
The above five types of organizations may be operated separately or in combination, and may charge fees for the facilities or services they provide to help them become self-sufficient. Local governments should also set up and provide incentives to privately-run welfare organizations for the elderly as needed.
At present, there are nineteen public welfare institutions for the elderly, such as the Ministry of the Interior's Northern District, the Central District, the Eastern District, the Southern District, the Penghu Home for the Elderly, the Changhua Elderly Care Center, the Taipei Hao Ran Home for the Elderly, the Keelung Municipal Pok Oi Home for the Aged, the Taichung Municipal Home for the Elderly, and the Kinmen Home for the Elderly: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : .
Persons who are licensed to establish a private welfare institution for the elderly should register as a consortium within three months. However, those that are small in size and do not solicit donations, receive subsidies, or enjoy tax breaks are exempt from registration as a corporation. (Article 12 of the Elderly Welfare Act, a reference), in accordance with this provision, private elderly welfare organizations have a consortium type and small points, and the difference between the two, in accordance with the standards for the establishment of elderly welfare institutions, Article 6 of the Small Elderly Welfare Institutions │ conservation institutions or hospice institutions for the number of residents for more than five people, less than 50 people; recreational institutions or services for the floor area of the building for more than two hundred square meters, less than five hundred square meters. The floor area of a recreational institution or service organization is more than 200 square meters but less than 500 square meters. Another small-scale long-term care facilities for the elderly are those that take care of more than five and less than 50 elderly people, while the rest of the nursing or hospice institutions take in more than 50 elderly people, and the floor space of the recreational or service institutions is more than 500 square meters.
In addition to the above welfare institutions for the elderly, there are also community hospice halls (facilities) and honorary national homes (Rongjia) under the supervision of the Counseling Committee for Discharged Officers and Soldiers. In view of the fact that some of the lonely, low-income elderly are unwilling to move from their hometowns to publicly-funded hospice facilities, the former, in line with the Taiwan Provincial Government's 65-year well-being plan, uses communities or villages to build small-scale residences and set up hospice halls, which are managed by community-based organization management committees. However, in view of the lack of funds and manpower, some counties and municipalities either do not have any such facilities, or they have set up such facilities, but they have been abolished. At present, there are 20 community hospice centers in Taiwan Province under the responsibility of the municipal offices of various townships, which can accommodate more than 560 people. The latter has fourteen hospices, accommodating more than 14,000 honorably discharged citizens, and providing services such as life counseling, supplying food, clothing, housing, transportation, and recreation for daily needs, and handling mourning and burial for the deaths of honorably discharged citizens, annual festivals, medical care, reconstruction for the disabled, encouraging the practice of arts and crafts, and strengthening education and culture and recreation. This is not very different from the services provided by the above-mentioned elderly hospice organizations.
As of October 31, 2002, there were 765 legally registered elderly hospice and care facilities*** in Taiwan, with 35,570 beds, of which 52 were hospice facilities with a capacity of 11,913 beds, 696 were care facilities with a capacity of 22,945 beds, and 17 were long term care facilities with a capacity of 71,122 beds. In view of the increasing proportion of the elderly population and the high demand for nursing or long-term care facilities for those who cannot take care of themselves, local governments or private organizations are being encouraged to actively establish nursing facilities for the elderly, while at the same time counseling hospice agencies to transform and expand their nursing services for the elderly and coordinating with the Veterans' Homes that still have empty beds to accommodate low-income elderly people in general, in order to increase the amount of nursing and long-term care services for the elderly in the country. The specific counseling measures are as follows:
1. Encourage the construction of nursing and long-term care institutions, or assist the transformation of elderly hospice institutions to increase the number of nursing beds: the current situation of elderly hospice institutions is that the supply of these institutions is still higher than the demand, and the current occupancy rate is only about 63%, while the number of elderly people in need of nursing and long-term care will be increased year by year, so the government has set up a subsidy to encourage the construction of nursing and long-term care institutions, and assist the hospice institutions to improve the services. Therefore, the government has allocated subsidies to encourage the construction of nursing care and long-term care institutions, and assisted hospice institutions to improve their facilities and equipment, as well as encouraging them to diversify their business operations, so as to meet the increasing demand for elderly care.
2. In order to strengthen the supervision and counseling of elderly care organizations, protect the rights and interests of the elderly, promote the business development of elderly welfare organizations, and enhance the quality of their services, the Company formulated the "Implementation Guidelines for the Evaluation of Elderly Welfare Institutions" and the evaluation indicators in accordance with the Elderly Welfare Act, the incentive scheme for elderly welfare organizations, and the standards for the establishment of elderly welfare organizations in 1989. From June to September of 1990, the Ministry conducted an evaluation of welfare organizations for the elderly. 326 organizations participated in the evaluation, and 120 organizations were reevaluated by the Ministry after the initial evaluation by county and municipal governments. 16 organizations were given excellent grades, 37 organizations were given first grades, and 5 organizations were given special awards.
According to the "Implementation Guidelines for the Evaluation of Private Elderly Welfare Institutions," institutions with an excellent grade of "A" in the evaluation are given priority in receiving government subsidies or commissioned services; those with grades of "C" and "D" in the evaluation are regularly counseled to make improvements by the authorities in charge, and are allowed to discontinue commissioned services or subsidies from the government until they have made improvements.
3. Developing a model hospice stereotyping contract to balance the rights and interests of hospice users and facility operators
In order to balance the rights and interests of hospice users and facility operators, the ministry has developed a model hospice stereotyping contract in accordance with the provisions of Article 17 of the Consumer Protection Act, and will make a public announcement of the matters that should be recorded in the contract, or those that should not be recorded in the contract, according to the law, once the implementation of the application for a certain period of time has gained the knowledge of the ****. The Model Hospice Stereotyped Contract is based on the principle of "equality and reciprocity, honesty and fairness" and has been developed by commissioning scholars and experts to conduct research, and inviting relevant organizations to study the research report, in order to enhance the security of consumers' transactions and safeguard the consumers' substantive freedom of contract, and to prevent the abuse of stereotyped contracts.
4. To compile and publish a list of registered welfare organizations for the elderly for the public's reference and selection. In addition, on May 3, 2001, the "Old Friends Line" was launched. The line is a toll-free service that provides counseling services to the elderly, their families, or their groups through the participation of people with extensive knowledge and experience or expertise in the areas of geriatric psychology, medical care, health care, environmental adaptation, interpersonal relationships, welfare, and assistance. Provide counseling services to the elderly, their families, or their organizations, and assist in solving or guiding them in dealing with their problems in various aspects. Municipalities, county and city governments, and civil society organizations organize Changchun Model Selection, Chung Yeung Festival, Golden Wedding Celebration, and various activities to honor and respect the elderly, or set up special Changchun Chat lines and counseling service centers, etc. These are all service measures to help the elderly relieve their frustration, and to encourage the elderly and their family members to participate in the activities, which not only enhance the social status of the elderly, but also increase the bonding of the family.
(2) Elderly social participation: In order to motivate the elderly to dedicate their knowledge and expertise to serving the community, county and municipal governments are encouraged to organize Evergreen Volunteer Service Teams in accordance with the Department's "Peaceful Plan," so as to contribute to the community once again with their knowledge and experience, and to enrich their lives and add to the warmth of the community; at present, there are 58 teams, with 2,495 people participating. The younger generation takes care of the older generation, and the result is even better.
6, other welfare measures
(a) In order to encourage children to live with the elderly, the Income Tax Act has been increased by 50 percent of the tax allowance.
(2) In line with the "Three Generations Under One Roof" policy, it is stipulated that priority will be given to three-generation families in renting national housing.
(3) Human Resource Bank
(4) Increase the deduction for interest on home purchases for three-generation families: Article 17 of the Income Tax Act was amended by the President on February 9, 1988, to include the deduction for home purchases.