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Wastewater treatment plant is discharged from the source of pollution of sewage (wastewater) water, due to the total amount of pollutants or high concentration, can not meet the requirements of the discharge standards or do not adapt to the environmental capacity requirements, thereby reducing the quality of the water environment and the functional objectives of the site must be artificially strengthened treatment. Generally divided into urban centralized wastewater treatment plants and decentralized wastewater treatment plants for each source of pollution, and discharged into water bodies or urban pipelines after treatment. Sometimes in order to recover and recycle wastewater resources, the need to improve the quality of treated water is required to build sewage reuse or recycling wastewater treatment plant. Treatment plant treatment process is a variety of commonly used or special water treatment methods optimized combination, including a variety of physical, chemical and biological methods, requiring advanced technology, economic rationality, the most cost-effective. The design must implement the current national construction guidelines and policies. Therefore, from the depth of treatment, sewage treatment plant may be a primary, secondary, tertiary or deep treatment process. Sewage treatment plant design includes a variety of different treatment structures, ancillary buildings, pipeline plan and elevation design and roads, greening, pipeline integration, plant water supply and drainage, sludge disposal and treatment system management automation design to ensure that the sewage treatment plant to achieve a stable treatment effect to meet the design requirements, operation and management of the convenience of the technology, advanced, investment and operation cost savings and other various requirements. Abstract: This paper introduces the general situation of Guangzhou Huangpu Development Zone Sewage Treatment Plant. Keywords: wastewater treatment I. Purpose of the internship: production internship is a very important part of the practical aspects of students' university studies. Internship is a must for every college graduate, it not only lets us learn a lot of knowledge in the classroom simply can not learn, but also makes us broaden the horizons, growth of insights, for us to better apply the knowledge we have learned to the actual work of laying a solid foundation. Through the production internship, I have a deeper contact with professional knowledge, further understanding of the actual environmental protection work, understanding of the environmental governance process problems and theoretical and practical conflict of the difficult problems, and through the writing of the internship report, so that I can learn to comprehensively apply the knowledge I have learned, improve the ability to analyze and solve professional problems. II. Internship specific content: (a) West sewage treatment plant Internship time: October 19, 2004 - November 29, 2004 1. Sewage plant profile: Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone sewage treatment plant is the Development Zone Management Committee invested in key environmental protection projects, the main plant is located in Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone, Zhicheng Avenue West, 22 (Xiji Industrial Zone), covers an area of about 1,000 square meters, and is the largest sewage treatment plant in Guangzhou. (Xiji Industrial Zone), covers an area of 10,000 square meters. Daily treatment of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage 30,000 tons, the vision for 90,000 tons. Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone sewage treatment plant plant in September 1992 groundbreaking, August 1994 was put into operation. Since the establishment of the plant, the plant insists on the implementation of total quality management, taking human management as the key to quality management, production and operation management as the core of quality management, and equipment management as the basis of quality management, paying attention to every link to ensure that the effluent quality of wastewater treatment all meets the design requirements and is better than the design of the national secondary discharge standards. Emphasizing and strengthening the technological transformation, the plant has achieved better economic and social benefits in terms of energy saving and consumption reduction, and was awarded the National Advanced Unit of Operation and Management of Urban Sewage Treatment Plant and the Advanced Unit of Guangdong Province in 1999 and 2001 respectively. The plant is the designated internship base of South China University of Technology, South China Normal University and other institutions of higher learning. In June 2001, the plant successfully passed the ISO14000:1996 environmental management system certification, becoming the first city sewage treatment plant in China to pass ISO14000 environmental management system certification. The plant has 8 lifting pumping stations in the periphery of the main sewage treatment plant, the sewage treatment plant in the East District of Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone (Export Processing Zone), and the sewage treatment plant in Yonghe Economic Zone of Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone (Taiwan Business Investment Zone). The main plant adopts the form of peripheral pumping station lifting and transmission to collect and treat industrial wastewater and domestic sewage in the western area of Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone. The main function of the plant is to be responsible for the safe and normal operation of the sewage pumping station, sewage treatment and sludge treatment, and to ensure that all sewage coming into the plant meets the standard of discharge after treatment. The functional departments of the main plant include the director's office, the deputy director's office, the production section, the technical section, the comprehensive section and the office. The main positions in the production section are pumping station operation, sewage treatment operation, sludge treatment operation, laboratory and warehouse management. 2. Treatment process: The West District General Plant adopts the traditional activated sludge process with impeller surface aeration as the main body, and all domestic equipment is used. Sewage treatment uses various methods to separate the pollutants in the sewage or transform them into harmless substances, so that the sewage can be purified. Classification of sewage treatment methods: (1). Physical treatment method. Such as filtration method, sedimentation method. (2). Physicochemical method. Such as coagulation and precipitation method. (3). Biological treatment method. The use of microorganisms to adsorb, decompose and oxidize the organic matter in the sewage, and degrade the unstable organic matter into stable and harmless substances, so that the sewage can be purified. Activated sludge method is one of the biological treatment methods. Activated sludge process is the most widely used wastewater aerobic biochemical treatment technology, which is mainly composed of aeration tank, second sedimentation tank, aeration system and sludge return system. Wastewater enters the aeration tank at the same time as the activated sludge returning from the bottom of the secondary sedimentation tank after the primary sedimentation tank, and through aeration, the activated sludge is in suspension and comes into full contact with the wastewater. Suspended solids and colloidal substances in the wastewater are adsorbed by the activated sludge, while the soluble organic matter in the wastewater is used as nutrition by the microorganisms in the activated sludge for their own reproduction, metabolically transformed into material cells, and oxidized into the final product (mainly CO2). Non-soluble organic matter needs to be converted into soluble organic matter before it can be metabolized and utilized. Wastewater is thus purified. After purification, the wastewater and activated sludge are separated in the secondary sedimentation tank, the upper effluent is discharged, and a portion of the separated and concentrated sludge is returned to the aeration tank to ensure that a certain concentration of activated sludge is maintained in the aeration tank, and the rest of it is residual sludge, which is discharged from the system. The influencing factors of activated sludge reaction are as follows: (1). BOD loading rate (F/M), also known as organic loading rate (2). Water temperature (3). PH (4). Dissolved oxygen (5). Nutrient balance(6). Toxic substances Aeration device: 1. Blower aeration device (1) micro-bubble aerator (2) medium bubble aerator (3) hydraulic shear air aerator (4) hydraulic impact air aerator 2. Mechanical aerator (1) vertical shaft mechanical aerator (2) horizontal shaft mechanical aerator 3. The main operation of the activated sludge method (1) Push-flow activated sludge method (2) complete mixed activated sludge method (3) Segmented aeration activated sludge (4) adsorption - regeneration activated sludge (5) delayed aeration activated sludge (6) high load activated sludge (7) shallow aeration, deep water aeration, deep well aeration activated sludge (8) oxygen aeration activated sludge (9) oxidation ditch process (10) sequential batch of activated sludge treatment of industrial wastewater with the traditional aerobic activated sludge method is a that is, economic, purification effect and good The disadvantage is that the concentration of pollutants in wastewater will change, especially some inhibitory pollutants have obvious inhibitory effect on bacterial activity. On the basis of the traditional method, the aerobic activated sludge is domesticated, and the domesticated activated sludge can resist the inhibitory effect of the pollutants in high concentration, for example, the toxic organic chloride can be continuously degraded by the domesticated mixed bacteria, and the purification effect is effectively improved. In addition, the sludge generation of the traditional activated sludge method is relatively large, which is also a relatively large disadvantage of the traditional activated sludge method. The process flow diagram of the West District General Plant is as follows: The following picture is the aerial view of the West District General Plant: 3. Design parameters of the West District General Plant: ◎Treatment scale: the total design treatment scale is 90,000 tons/day, and the first phase design treatment scale is 30,000 tons/day at present. ◎ The main process used: traditional activated sludge method mainly based on impeller surface aeration. Design water quality: COD≤500mg/LSS≤250mg/LBOD5≤200mg/L ◎ Design effluent water quality: COD≤120mg/LSS≤30mg/LBOD5≤30mg/L The plant implements the "Guangdong Province, local standards for water pollutants discharge limits" (DB44/26-2001), the effluent water quality standards for COD≤60mg/LSS≤30mg/L. The plant also implements the "Guangdong Province, local standards for water pollutants discharge limits" (DB44/26-2001), the effluent water quality standards for COD≤60mg/LSS≤30mg/L. The plant is designed to treat 30,000 tons/day. 60mg/LSS≤30mg/LBOD5≤30mg/L Current actual treatment situation (average daily water volume of 24,000 tons, of which more than 70% is industrial wastewater) Item Inlet water (mg/L) Outlet water (mg/L) Treatment efficiency (%) COD 544 BOD5 270 SS 278 Main structures: No. Name of structure Type of structure Specification (L×B×H, m) Effective volume (m3) Quantity 1 Aeration and sand sedimentation tank Aeration and sand sedimentation tank × × 109 1 2 First sedimentation tank Spoke-flow type sedimentation tank D=20, H=1104 2 3 Aeration tank Surface aeration type Biochemical tank 12×12×648 10 4 Secondary sedimentation tank Type flow sedimentation tank D=34, H= 3282 2 5 Thickening tank Gravity thickening tank D=9, H= 365 2 Main equipment Equipment name Model specification Manufacturer Quantity Remarks Grid cleaning machine XGS1350-1200 Tangshan Qingyuan Environmental Protection Company 1 Grate pitch 10mm, pitch 100mm Sand-water separator LSSF-260B Nanjing Lanshen Pump Manufacturing Group 1 Sinking tank scraper D20 Jiangdu Water Supply and Drainage Equipment Manufacturing Factory 2 Single-arm peripheral drive amplitude flow scraper Sinking tank sludge pump AS55-4CB Nanjing Lanshen Pump Manufacturing Group 2 Aerator PE150 Anhui No.1 Textile Machinery Factory 10 SIEMENS Frequency inverter stepless speed regulation Sludge reflux pump WQ-300-15 Nanjing Lanshen Pump Manufacturing Group 4 Sinking tank scraper and sucker D34 Jiangdu Water Supply and Drainage Equipment Manufacturing Factory 2 Double-arm peripheral drive swept-flow scraper and suction machine Belt filter press DYL-2000 Henan Shangcheng Environmental Protection Factory 2 POWTRAN-RICH Frequency converter stepless adjustment of filter belt speed Roots blower SSR-100 Shandong Zhanghuang Machinery Industry Co. Group 2 Filter belt flushing pump IS65-40-250 Hubei Shishou Water Pump Factory 2 Sludge transfer pump 80WJ4012 Shanghai Ligong Pump Industry Co. 2 Chemical corrosion-resistant pumps, SIEMENS Frequency converter stepless speed regulation Dosing metering pump JD Tianjin General Machinery Factory 2 Air compressor Guangzhou Tianhe Overseas Chinese Enterprise Company Huatong Compressor Factory 1 Portable air compressor Chlorine dioxide sterilizer HT908 -Ltd. 1 Main test items: Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) BOD5 Aeration Tank Mixed Liquid (MLSS) Return Sludge (MLSS) Suspended Matter (SS) PH Total Nitrogen (TN) 30-minute Settling Ratio (SV) Sludge Index (SVI) Ammoniacal Nitrogen (AN) NH3-N Total Phosphorus (TP) Phosphate (PO) PO43-P Water Content (Organic Matter) Chloride (B) Overview of the East District Wastewater Treatment Plant: Visitation Time: the morning of November 28, 2004 1. plant profile: East District Sewage Treatment Plant is located in Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone East (Export Processing Zone) Hongguang Road, Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone Management Committee to use Austria's international payments to build. A design scale of 10,000 tons / day, to deal with industrial and domestic sewage in the East District, using SBR process, basically using imported equipment, sewage into the plant in a self-flowing manner. 2. Process: Sequential batch activated sludge method or gap activated sludge method, referred to as the SBR process, is the activated sludge treatment system in the last decade or so in a more notable wastewater treatment process, according to the literal interpretation of the procedure, a batch of biochemical treatment of sewage. SBR is a variant of the current activated sludge method, and its reaction mechanism and pollutant removal mechanism are basically the same as that of the traditional activated sludge method, only the operation is different. The SBR operation mode consists of five basic processes: influent, reaction, sedimentation, effluent and standby. From the beginning of the sewage inflow to the end of the standby time is counted as a cycle. Within a cycle, all processes are carried out sequentially in a reaction tank equipped with aeration or mixing devices, and this operation cycle is repeated week after week to achieve the purpose of continuous sewage treatment. Water intake process: water intake process is the reaction tank to accept the process of sewage. Reaction process: when the wastewater injection reaches a predetermined volume, aeration or mixing to achieve the purpose of the reaction (removal of BOD, nitrification, denitrification and dephosphorization). Sedimentation process: aeration and mixing are stopped, and the activated sludge fluff is separated by gravity sedimentation and supernatant. Drainage process: The supernatant after activated sludge settling is discharged as treated effluent until the lowest water level. Most of the activated sludge settled at the bottom of the reactor is used as return sludge for the next treatment cycle, and the excess remaining sludge is led out for discharge. Standby process: the period after settling until the start of the next cycle. Equipment and devices for SBR process (1). Decanter: electro-mechanical rocker type, sleeve type, siphon type, rotary type, float type, etc. (2). Aeration device: mechanical aeration, blast aeration. (3). Valve, mud drainage system. (4). Automatic control system. The SBR method is characterized by the following points: (1). SBR method will be biochemical treatment process of water intake, aeration, sedimentation, drainage and idle regeneration of several steps are concentrated in a device or pool, so the basic process of treatment is conditioning tank → SBR, the process becomes very short, and the equipment is also less, easy to operate and maintain. (2). In SBR, in addition to aerobic biochemistry carried out by aeration, there is a longer period of regeneration of aerobic microorganisms not subjected to organic loads, as well as the hydrolysis process of anaerobic microorganisms. Therefore, the SBR method has good settling performance and clear effluent. And as a result it is possible to maintain high sludge concentration in SBR, thus obtaining high loads with extraordinary treatment efficiency and the ability to treat difficult-to-biochemical wastewater. (3). During the operation cycle of SBR, the time of programs such as water intake, aeration, settling, draining and idling can be completely adjusted according to the actual situation of water quality and water quantity, so it is adaptable and convenient for debugging and normal operation. (4). Since the sludge has a regeneration process and can be kept in high concentration, the sludge is not only of good character and easy to dewater and dry, but also has a low sludge production rate. (5). SBR not only has a large biomass, but is also quite rich in organisms, so it has a good nitrogen removal capacity. (6). Due to the short process, less equipment, the abolition of the second sedimentation tank, scraper and connecting pipelines, so the infrastructure investment savings 3. Treatment process flow chart: (C) Yonghe sewage treatment plant: 1. Plant Overview: Yonghe sewage treatment plant is located in Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone Yonghe Economic Zone (Taiwan Investment Zone) Yongshun Avenue next to the first-phase project sewage treatment capacity of 2,000 tons / day, the main biological contact oxidation process (biological membrane method) as the core. process (biofilm method) as the core of the integrated wastewater treatment device, supplemented by coarse and fine grating machine, sand sedimentation tank and other pre-treatment facilities, to deal with Yonghe Economic Zone, mainly industrial wastewater sewage. At present, the second phase of the project is under construction, the second phase of the project adopts flexible biochemical sewage treatment system, the daily sewage treatment capacity of 6,000 tons. 2. Treatment process Biofilm method and activated sludge method are aerobic biological treatment methods. But the activated sludge method is relying on the suspended flow of activated sludge in the aeration tank to remove organic matter, while the biofilm method relies on microorganisms fixed on the surface of the solid medium to remove organic matter, so this method is also known as biological filtration method. Biofilm method has the following characteristics: solid on the surface of the solid microorganisms on the wastewater quality, water quality changes have a strong adaptability; and activated sludge method, compared with the management is more convenient; due to the microorganisms solid on the surface of the solid medium, even if the slow proliferation rate of microorganisms can also habitat, thus constituting a stable ecosystem; the more the higher trophic level microorganisms, the sludge volume is naturally less. It is generally believed that the biological filtration method than the activated sludge method of the remaining sludge is less. Of course, due to the solid in the solid media surface of the microbial amount is more difficult to control, and thus in the operation of the operation of the scalability is poor; and due to the small surface area of the filter media, BOD volume load is limited, and thus the space effect is poor; coupled with the use of natural ventilation for feeding the inner layer of the biofilm tends to form an anaerobic layer, thereby reducing the effective volume of purification function. However, due to the successful development of new processes and new filter media, the biofilm method is still widely used as a good aerobic biological treatment technology. The biofilm method is divided into the following three categories: (1). Wetted wall type biofilm method. Wastewater and air flow along a biofilm on the surface of a fixed or rotating contact medium, such as biofilter and bio-turntable. (2). Submerged biofilm method. The contact filter media is fixed in an aeration tank, completely submerged in the water, with blast aeration, such as the contact oxidation method. (3). Fluidized bed type biofilm method. Make attached with biofilm activated carbon, sand and other small particle size contact media suspended flow in the aeration tank. 3. Treatment process: The following diagram is the first phase of the Yonghe Wastewater Treatment Plant process flow diagram: Yonghe Wastewater Treatment Plant design of influent and effluent water quality and the actual situation of the comparison. Project Designed influent (mg/L) Designed effluent (mg/L) Actual influent range BOD5 180 30 15~40 COD 300 80 60~140 SS 250 70 50~150 Grease 30 10 Unmeasured III. Internship Summary: This internship in Huangpu Development Zone Wastewater Treatment Plant enables me to study the activated sludge process to the greatest extent possible at the student stage. The activated sludge method is an aerobic biochemical treatment technology commonly used in the treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater. Its process is relatively simple, low cost, good treatment effect, high BOD/COD removal rate, and thus can be widely favored. With the improvement of process technology, sequencing batch activated sludge (SBR) has been more and more attention and application. SBR electrification and automation requirements of a high degree, and has an extraordinary processing efficiency and the ability to deal with difficult to biochemical wastewater, a great saving of labor and land area, is more advanced and better prospects for the treatment process.