Basic rule
Buildings should be divided into four types of seismic fortification according to the importance of their functions. Class A buildings should belong to major construction projects and buildings that may have serious disasters during earthquakes. Class B buildings should belong to buildings whose functions cannot be interrupted during the earthquake or need to be restored as soon as possible; Class C buildings should belong to buildings other than Class A, B and D buildings; And Class D buildings should belong to seismic secondary buildings.
The earthquake damage of Class A buildings will have a huge impact or cause huge economic losses. Serious secondary disasters refer to floods, fires, explosions, massive leakage of toxic or corrosive substances or other serious secondary disasters after earthquake damage.
Class B buildings, including important lifeline projects in cities and crowded multi-storey large public buildings, will have great social impact or cause considerable economic losses after earthquake damage.
Class D buildings, other earthquake damage will not affect Class A, B and C buildings, and the social impact and economic loss are slight. Generally, it is a single-storey warehouse with low storage value, less personnel activities and no secondary disasters.
Earthquake-resistant and disaster-prevention building
① The seismic fortification category of medical buildings shall meet the following requirements
The seismic fortification category of inpatient department, medical technology building and outpatient department of tertiary specialized hospital should be Class A. ..
The seismic fortification category of three-level inpatient departments, medical technology buildings and outpatient departments in large, medium and small cities should be Class A. ..
Inpatient departments, medical technology buildings and outpatient departments of tertiary hospitals in large and medium-sized cities, inpatient departments, medical technology buildings and outpatient departments of secondary hospitals in counties and county-level cities, inpatient departments and medical technology buildings of major township hospitals with seismic fortification intensity of 8 and 9 degrees, important buildings of command, communication and transportation systems of emergency centers at or above the county level, and buildings of independent blood collection and supply institutions at or above the county level are all Class B. ..
Medical buildings in industrial and mining enterprises can be compared with urban medical buildings to determine their seismic fortification categories.
The level of the hospital, tertiary hospital means that the total number of beds in the hospital is not less than 500 and the construction area of each bed is not less than 60m2, while secondary hospital means that the number of beds is not less than 100 and the construction area of each bed is not less than 45m2. Tertiary hospitals are very few tertiary hospitals that undertake particularly important medical tasks.
(2) the fire garage and its duty room, seismic fortification category should be divided into B. ..
(three) the main buildings of large and medium-sized cities with seismic fortification intensity of 8 degrees and 9 degrees and earthquake command centers at or above the county level shall be classified as Class B. ..
The construction of earthquake-resistant and disaster-prevention command system of industrial and mining enterprises can be compared with that of urban earthquake-resistant and disaster-prevention command system, and its seismic fortification category can be determined.
When a building only has the function of disaster prevention command center in a certain section, the section can be divided into class B.
④ The seismic fortification category of the CDC building should meet the following requirements: The building or its location where the CDC undertakes the research, pilot test and storage of highly toxic and high-risk infectious diseases should be classified as Class A. ..
The main buildings of the centers for disease control and prevention at or above the county level, except those specified in the preceding paragraph, shall be subject to Class B seismic fortification.
Public buildings and residential buildings
Class A: buildings that produce and store highly toxic biological products, natural and artificial bacteria and viruses (such as plague, cholera, typhoid fever, emerging high-risk infectious diseases, etc.) in scientific experimental buildings. ) pilot scale.
Class B: ① It is required to be super-class and Grade A, and it is divided into super-large and large-scale sports buildings and stadiums. Regarding the division of use requirements and scale, the special level refers to the home of hosting the Asian Games and the Olympic World Championships; Class A refers to the venues that hold national and individual international competitions; Large stadiums mean that the number of seats for spectators is not less than 40000, and large gymnasiums (including swimming pools) mean that the number of seats for spectators is not less than 6000. Venues should meet the requirements of both use level and scale.
(2) In theater buildings, large cinemas, theaters and entertainment centers.
Among them, large theaters and cinemas refer to seats not less than 1200; A large entertainment center refers to a hall in which the total number of seats on the upper and lower floors is obviously greater than 1200, and the number of seats on at least one floor exceeds 500 (equivalent to the number of seats in a medium-sized cinema).
(3) In commercial buildings and crowded large multi-storey shopping malls. When commercial buildings and other buildings are jointly built, they should be judged separately, and their seismic fortification categories should be determined in sections.
Among them, a large shopping mall refers to a commercial building with a building area of 25000m2 or a business area of 10000m2. If the average customer1.35m2, the number can reach more than 7,500. This kind of commercial building generally needs to meet the conditions of dense personnel, large construction area or business area, multi-storey building and so on. Excluding all warehouse and single-storey shopping malls.
When commercial buildings and other buildings (including commercial and residential buildings or comprehensive buildings) are jointly built, the division section should be determined according to the principle of comparison. For example, the multi-storey commercial podium in a high-rise building or the lower commercial department is classified as Class B, while the upper residential building can be classified as Class C. It should also be noted that if the upper section is Class B, the lower section should also be Class B. ..
For the crowded securities trading hall, the seismic fortification category can be determined according to the comparison principle.
(4) Museums and archives, large museums, museums with national first-class cultural relics, and special and first-class archives.
Among them, large museums refer to buildings with a scale of more than 10000m2, which are generally used in museums directly under the central ministries and commissions and museums in provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government. Super Archives is the national archives, and Grade A Archives is the archives of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government. The durability requirements of these two files exceed 100 years.
⑤ In exhibition buildings, large exhibition halls and exhibition centers. The design capacity of the above-mentioned exhibition hall and conference center is generally more than 5000 people. The science and technology museum can determine its seismic fortification category according to the exhibition hall.
⑥ In educational buildings, there are many low-rise teaching buildings in kindergartens and primary schools. When this kind of building adopts a structural type with good seismic performance, seismic measures can still be taken according to the requirements of seismic fortification intensity in this area.
Among them, low-rise buildings refer to masonry houses with no more than three floors. A large number of kindergartens refer to more than 200 children in single buildings; A large number of primary schools refer to more than 600 children in a building. If concrete structural materials with good seismic performance and reasonable structural type are used, seismic measures can still be taken according to the original fortification intensity.
Masonry houses used by people with weak self-help ability during the earthquake, such as nursing homes, welfare homes, schools for the disabled, etc. , seismic fortification categories can be improved according to the above kindergartens.
⑦ In high-rise buildings, when the number of frequent users of structural units exceeds 10000, the seismic fortification category should be classified as Class B. If the per capita area of such buildings is estimated as 10m2, the building area is roughly above 100000m2. A structural unit with so many people belongs to a high-rise building, and its seismic measures generally need special research, that is, whether to improve the overall 1 degree and adopt stricter measures in one or key parts of the seismic grade can be determined through special research and demonstration.
Class C: residence, dormitory and apartment.
Warehouse buildings in warehouse buildings, which store radioactive substances, toxic, flammable and explosive substances and other dangerous goods with fire hazards, should be classified as Class B buildings; Generally, single-storey warehouses with low storage value, few personnel activities and no secondary disasters can be divided into Class D buildings.
In addition to the above-mentioned Class B buildings, warehouses do not all belong to Class D buildings, which need to be determined according to the nature and influence of the items they store, and are stipulated by various industries in industry standards.
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