1, process use classification
Ordinary CNC machine tools: ordinary CNC machine tools generally refers to a process in the machining process to achieve digital control of automated machine tools, such as CNC milling machine, CNC lathe, CNC drilling machine, CNC grinding machine and CNC gear machine tools.
Machining center: machining center is a CNC machine tool with tool magazine and automatic tool changer, which combines the functions of CNC milling machine, CNC boring machine, CNC drilling machine together, the parts can be milled on most of the machined surfaces after one clamping.
2, the movement mode classification
Point control CNC machine tools: this type of CNC machine tools are mainly CNC drilling machine, CNC coordinate boring machine, CNC punching machine and so on.
Linear control CNC machine tools: this type of CNC machine tools are mainly relatively simple CNC lathes, CNC milling machines, CNC grinding machines and so on.
Contour control CNC machine tools: contour control is characterized by the ability to two or more of the displacement and velocity of the motion coordinates at the same time for continuous correlation control.
3, control mode classification
Open-loop control of CNC machine tools: these machines do not come with position detection and feedback devices, usually using stepper motors as actuators.
Semi-closed-loop control CNC machine tools: the end of the motor or the end of the screw is installed with detection elements (such as inductive synchronizer or photoelectric encoder, etc.), which indirectly detects the displacement of the moving parts by detecting their rotational angles, and then feeds back to the CNC system.
Closed-loop control CNC machine tools: these CNC machine tools with position detection and feedback device, the position detection and feedback device using linear displacement detection elements, installed directly on the moving parts of the machine tool, the results of the measurements directly back to the CNC device, the feedback can be eliminated from the motor to the machine tool moving parts of the entire mechanical transmission chain of the transmission error, and ultimately realize the precise positioning.
Expanded
CNC machine tools and ordinary machine tools, compared with CNC machine tools, CNC machine tools have the following characteristics:
1, high machining accuracy, with stable machining quality;
2, can be multi-coordinate linkage, and can be processed in the shape of the complex parts;
3, the processing of parts change. Generally only need to change the CNC program, can save production preparation time;
4, the machine itself, high precision, rigidity, can choose a favorable amount of machining, high productivity (generally for ordinary machine tools, 3 to 5 times);
5, the machine tool automation is high, you can reduce the intensity of labor;
6, the quality of the operator's high quality requirements for the maintenance of the staff's Technical requirements are higher.
Baidu Encyclopedia - CNC Lathe
Baidu Encyclopedia - Introduction to the classification of CNC machine tools