Because of my culture is not high, the level is limited, especially language, written expression ability is poor, coupled with the knowledge involved in this industry is too much, although there are several years of experience, but to completely with the text of this project to explain clearly may be difficult. Therefore, this article is only for beginners, welcome to correct any errors. Connoisseurs should not read it, lest you sputter with laughter!
For you to open the electronic waste and other refining precious metals mystery
In the waste refining gold, silver, platinum, palladium, at first glance it sounds like a nightmare, but this is a true thing! Many of the first contact in the network of good people and some people with ulterior motives blown under the temptation of high profits (have seen some people blow to dozens of times the profit!) In what do not understand the case of blind investment, resulting in losses; also a little bit of chemical knowledge of their own experiments, the result is a waste of time and a lot of material and financial resources (because all the raw materials containing precious metals are not very cheap, as well as pharmaceuticals, etc.). I would like to remind you that there is no such thing as pie in the sky, and we should do everything step by step, and remember that speed is not enough. Of course, scrap refining precious metals is a good project, its profits are higher than other industries, but this profit and your raw materials are sufficient, raw material purchase price (now many selling scrap know a little refining technology), technology and so on has a lot to do. In addition, for a variety of reasons, the project is not possible to do a lot (in terms of scale, and profits have nothing to do with), so do not want to do entrepreneurs in the scenery, do not come in.
One, common precious metal-containing raw materials:
Containing precious metals of higher grade, there are many sources of extractable value of the waste, such as waste cell phone boards, cell phone chips, wires, battery contacts, cell phone sim card; waste computer boards, CPU, memory sticks, plugs; industrial plating plant (plated with precious metals) of the wastewater, waste sludge; circuit board plants containing gold or palladium wastewater; jewelry factory waste materials; electronic components factory, memory sticks, plugs; industrial plating plant (plated with precious metals) of the wastewater, waste mud; circuit board plant containing gold or palladium wastewater; jewelry factory Waste materials; electronic components factory, waste materials of electronic factory; telecommunication boards and cards; VCD machine boards, some electronic components on TV boards and so on. Various gold-plated parts. Such as aviation plugs, gold-plated plugs on various electrical appliances, gold-plated electronic components, electronic feet, gold-plated handicrafts. A variety of silver-containing waste: photographic plate wastewater, waste X-ray film and film, silver-plated electronic components, silver-containing electronic components, silver contacts, silver-containing ceramic capacitors, etc.......
The second, equipment and agents
The project can be large or small, it is recommended that people who just do the best to start small or do part-time work, even if the case of The loss is also not big. Generally a small amount to do when you can go to the chemical reagent store to buy instruments and agents, equipment with glass instruments, so that the process of doing can clearly see the color and other changes, conducive to learning and improving. Commonly used instruments and chemicals are: electric stove and asbestos net (for heating, you can also use a coal stove instead of), 500 ml beaker 5, 1000 ml beaker 2, 200 ml measuring cylinder 1, qualitative filter paper 1, 1 funnel, PH test paper 5, 2 glass rods, 3 bottles of hydrochloric acid, 3 bottles of nitric acid, sulfuric acid 1 bottle of sodium sulfite 1 bottle of sodium sulfide 1 bottle, 1 bottle of zinc powder, 1 bottle of sodium hydroxide, 1 bottle of hydrazine hydrate, 1 bottle of ammonia, 1 bottle of ferrous sulfate, etc.
Medium-scale production generally uses plastic drums (Guangdong workshop type), tanks, etc., and other equipment depending on the raw materials you make.
Large-scale production using enamel equipment, stainless steel equipment, etc. (the production line requires formal design, not in this article to explain the scope), and according to the requirements of the raw materials need to be crushed machinery, separation machinery, etc..
Three, common raw materials refining methods
Only choose the simple and easy to do, suitable for beginners, and so you are skilled in these basic methods, and then contact me to better and advanced or other raw materials refining methods
1. Waste fixing solution in the refining of silver:
(hospital radiology and CT room fixing solution, waste X-ray film, waste CT film, photographic studio) Fixing solution, bleaching solution Waste film head ? The waste film of the printing house, film film sheet, etc.)?
Precipitation method with sodium sulfide: the method is very suitable for beginners, simple technology, less investment. First of all, use the silver content test paper to determine the silver content of wastewater, fixed acquisition price, (take a piece of test paper immersed in wastewater, 2 seconds to take out and shake off the droplets, wait 10 seconds and the standard colorimetric version of the contrast color that is the amount of silver.) Then add a saturated solution of sodium sulfide according to the silver content, beginners can be added in excess, stirring, there is a black precipitation of silver mud, this precipitation is silver sulfide, filter out the black material with filter paper, the black material with about 35% of the nitric acid completely dissolved (dissolution will be brown smoke, pay attention to the ventilation, and other sulfur production), filter out the sulfur and other impurities, and then adjust the filtrate with sodium hydroxide PH value at 3-5
Silver-containing wastewater refining methods (slightly)
Waste film, X-ray film, film refining silver (slightly)
2. Silver-plated pieces of silver recovery:
(Mixed Acid Method) (electronic factory scraps, edges, scraps, a variety of silver-plated electronic components, etc.)
Placed in a beaker of silver-plated pieces of concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid 95% mixed with 5%. evenly, pour this mixed acid into the silver-plated parts, make full contact with it, remove the plated parts immediately after the silver layer retreats, the mixed acid can be reused until there is no de-plating ability, the mixed acid with 1-2 times the dilution of water (be careful when adding water, the mixed acid should be added slowly to the water, to prevent overheating splash to the body), after cooling, you can precipitate silver chloride white precipitate with table salt, the white precipitate filtered out and washed with water, add a small amount of ammonia to the precipitate, and add a small amount of ammonia to the precipitates, then add a small amount of ammonia to the precipitates. precipitate add a small amount of ammonia (slightly alkaline) after adding a small amount of hydrazine hydrate and slightly heated, it produces gray-black sponge silver, molten ingot.
Silver-plated parts, contacts, other refining methods (omitted)
3. Copper-plated parts of the gold refining:
(Wet) (electronics factory trimmings, contacts, plugs, etc.)
Gold-plated parts with 30-40% of the nitric acid at 70-80 degrees around the reaction, dissolve off the copper substrate, the gold into a nugget drifting in the liquid (in the nitric acid dissolved copper substrate, it is best to add) Additives, otherwise it will produce a white paste, not conducive to the next step of filtration, I have here), filter out the gold piece with filter paper, wash with water many times. The gold piece will be transferred to a beaker, add aqua regia (3 hydrochloric acid, 1 nitric acid mixture, such as can not buy hydrochloric acid can be used to replace the hydrochloric acid agent, I also have here) will be dissolved in all the gold (to be heated appropriately), aqua regia should not be too much to add, otherwise it will increase the next step to catch the nitrate of the operation of the time, dissolved gold aqua regia should be a brownish-red, the higher the amount of gold content, the deeper the red color, such as other colors, it means that there are other impurities metal The gold-containing aqua regia is heated and concentrated, such as boiling to the thicker liquid in the cup when a small number of times to add hydrochloric acid, until the addition of hydrochloric acid is not in the brownish-yellow smoke until (the second operation is called to drive the nitrate, the purpose is to drive the excess nitric acid out of the), cooled, add the appropriate amount of water to dilute, filtering. Will be about 30% of ferrous sulfate (or sodium sulfite) aqueous solution slowly added to the above gold solution, slowly heated to 50 degrees, you can see there is a brown (black) color precipitation, this is the sponge gold (the higher the content of gold, the more the color is close to the brownish-yellow, the blacker the lower the content). Take out the sponge gold, wash a few times with about 30% of the nitric acid boiled for a few minutes, cold, take out the washing, drying ingot. (This step is the basic operation, with this method can be gold purification, operation should pay attention to the corrosion of strong acids such as aqua regia, catching nitric acid when there is acid fog, ventilation)
Gold-plated parts do not injure the substrate refining methods (deplating method, extraction method, etc.) (omitted)
4. Computer CPU gold refining:
(Wet) (choose the green boards and ceramic boards on the reverse side of the coreless, cheaper)
The CPU will be placed in a beaker, with about 30-40% of the nitric acid boiled until the CPU pins dissolved, gold-plated into needles floating in the water, filtered out the gold and washed, with aqua regia method of purification (ibid). After lifting the gold on the waste board there are silicon wafers, pay attention to recycling!
5. Waste computer board refining gold:
The computer board will be disassembled, categorized, due to the North and South Bridges contain the most gold, so it will be a separate gold refining, improve the recovery rate!
The north-south bridge with high temperature baked to whitening, cold after the north-south bridge of the lower circuit board and the top of the plastisol cover separate, collect the top of the plastisol cover, pay attention to try not to bring the lower circuit board on the solder and other miscellaneous metals, will be burned plastisol cover grinding fine, put into the glass, with water to wash away a large amount of ash, and the gold weight is not easy to be taken away in the washed gold slag to add 30% of the nitric acid Appropriate amount, about 80 degrees reaction for 1 hour, and make sure that all the metal in addition to gold is removed by the reaction, pour off the waste acid, rinse with water to neutral, according to the amount of gold added to a small amount of aqua regia (1 points of nitric acid and 3 points of hydrochloric acid), heating and maintain a slight boil, the gold is completely dissolved, the aqua regia filtered out, wash the slag, wash the water and the aqua regia after the merger of the concentration of a small fire in a nitrate drive, boiled to the amount of a very small amount of viscosity thickening and less bubbling in the liquid At this time, add a small amount of concentrated hydrochloric acid, and repeat several times, to the liquid bubbles from brownish yellow into colorless, stop heating, add a small amount of water, more gold when more water, so that the solution into a pale yellow as well, filtering, will be heated to about 80 degrees solution to be used, will be formulated into a saturated solution of sodium sulfite or ferrous sulfate and a little heated and slowly added to the aqua regia, stirring, to see that there is a dark red gold powder generation, when adding When adding sodium sulfite no dark red material generated, stop adding. Standing, to the solution is completely clear after filtering out the gold powder or sponge gold, cleaned with water until no chloride ions, add 25% nitric acid and cook several times until the gold powder is yellow, high temperature melting ingot.
Integrated block refining gold (slightly)
Computer board refining gold, silver and palladium have aqua regia, lead, mercury, extraction, thiourea, etc., according to the situation of the choice of method, the specific method (slightly)
6. Palladium-containing monolithic capacitance of palladium refining palladium on the computer board:
(computer boards, cell phone boards of the rice-like components)
Will be the first monolithic capacitor Pick off debris, burned on the furnace until no smoke, with a hard object will be crushed capacitor, the finer the better, and then into the furnace burned to no smoke, will be put into a beaker of powder (if pre-treated with pharmaceuticals to improve the recovery rate is favorable), add 30% of the nitric acid at about 80 degrees reaction for 2 hours, filtration of the filtrate slowly add hydrochloric acid until there is no white precipitate of silver chloride until the silver chloride is filtered out of the silver chloride to do the silver, filtrate to drive the nitrogen after the Should be reddish brown, the higher the content, the darker the color, if there are other colors may be more other metals! Will drive the nitrate solution in 80-90 degrees Celsius under the addition of ammonia, so that the solution of PH in 8-9, keep this temperature for 1 hour, filter out impurities, the filtrate with hydrochloric acid to adjust the PH in 1-1.5, at this time should see a large number of flocculent precipitates like egg-yellow, filtered out the precipitate, and water to wash the precipitate, the precipitate with hydrazine hydrate at 60 degrees Celsius to reduce into a gray sponge palladium, drying, melting spindles.
Pharmaceutical precipitation method can be done to simplify the operation steps and improve the yield of palladium. (Omitted)
7. Waste colloidal palladium recovery:
(Heating broken glue method)
Heat the waste palladium water to 100 degrees, and keep warm until the precipitation is complete, the black precipitate is filtered out, and heated with nitric acid to dissolve the nitrate after catching the nitrate, and the rest of the operation method is the same as above.
Waste palladium water direct precipitation extraction method (omitted)
If there is any question in the operation process, you can ask me!
Reminder: just do friends in the trial process will inevitably encounter some twists and turns, sometimes gold and silver may not be able to do all out or even particles of no income, do not be anxious to meet this situation, for the extraction of precious metals containing the waste liquid you collect them first, so that you can improve the technology and then do it again (you can contact me and I also collect)!
In addition to lift the gold after the waste residue do not throw, some can also be lifted again!
I give you the purpose of this information:
1. Widely make friends in the world, to want to enter this line of some help (many people research or go to the mess of learning and waste of money).
2. Because I'm already quite short of raw materials here, more friends more road.
3. Make more friends and increase the sales of my potions, so everyone with potions remember to look for me.
I can provide you with:
Advanced refining methods for various raw materials
Sale of various special agents for refining: low-priced supply of oxalic acid, polyacrylamide, citric acid.
Sale: Hydrochloric acid agent; wet refining copper gold-plating additives (can dissolve the substrate in nitric acid does not produce white substances, conducive to filtration); waste colloidal palladium refining agent (simple, high yield); ionic palladium precipitant; trace palladium detection agent (used to detect the raw material whether the palladium content of the palladium); depinization agent (depinization of tin-plated copper tin); aqua regia gold-refining with high-efficiency reduction of the additive (add to the gold and other precious metals, and so on, only to make the gold) and other precious metals reduction precipitation, other miscellaneous metals less or no precipitation, is conducive to the generation of large particles of sponge gold); integrated block refining agent (used in the roasting process, used to prevent carbon adsorption of gold); large particles of sponge gold auxiliary (to prevent the generation of fine gold powder or colloidal gold, difficult to settle, so that the extraction of gold is very difficult to operate).
Various crucibles for melting ingots of precious metals, auxiliaries, double-ended torches for melting gold and silver, test paper for testing, filter bags, etc..
You can provide you with a small amount of various raw materials such as: gold-plated silver parts, chip integrated block, silver-containing powder (ceramic capacitor crushed material, etc.), for you to learn.
Another tin-plated copper retinning agent or formula can be provided