Question 2: What is standard prevention? (Concept) Standard prevention integrates many characteristics of systemic prevention and isolation of substances in the body, and ensures that the patient's blood, body fluids, secretions and excreta are contagious and need to be isolated, regardless of whether there is obvious blood pollution or not, and whether it is in contact with incomplete skin and mucosa. Personnel who come into contact with the above substances must take protective measures. According to the route of transmission, air, droplets and air isolation are successful and effective measures to prevent hospital infection.
Question 3: Standard preventive measures are being taken at present. What contents in the standard can prevent and determine that the patient's blood, body fluids, secretions and excretions are infectious and must be isolated, regardless of whether there is obvious blood pollution or contact?
Incomplete skin and mucosa, people who come into contact with the above substances must take protective measures. Its basic characteristics are:
(1) Prevent the spread of blood-borne diseases and non-blood-borne diseases;
(2) Emphasis on two-way protection, which not only prevents diseases from spreading from patients to medical staff, but also prevents diseases from spreading from medical staff to patients;
(3) According to the main transmission route of the disease, take corresponding isolation measures, including contact isolation, air isolation and particle isolation.
In the specific operating procedures, it is:
1. Hand washing: When it may be contaminated after contact with blood, body fluids, excreta and secretions, wash your hands after taking off gloves or use quick hand disinfectant.
2. Gloves: gloves should be worn when contacting blood, body fluids, excreta, secretions and damaged skin mucosa; Gloves can prevent the possibility that medical staff will transmit the flora on their hands to patients; Gloves can prevent medical personnel from becoming a medium of infection with microorganisms, that is, prevent medical personnel from spreading pathogens contaminated from patients or the environment among people. Always change gloves between two patients; Gloves can't replace hand washing.
3. Masks, goggles and masks: Wearing masks and goggles can also reduce the splashing of infectious substances such as body fluids, blood and secretions of patients on the eyes, mouth and nasal mucosa of medical staff.
4. isolation gown: It is only used when passing through isolation gown, so as to prevent it from being polluted by infectious blood, secretions, exudates, splashing water and a large number of infectious substances. Wash your hands immediately after taking off isolation gown to avoid polluting other patients and the environment.
5. Reusable equipment:
(1) Reusable medical supplies and medical equipment shall be disinfected or sterilized as required when used for the next patient.
(2) When dealing with instruments and equipment contaminated by blood, body fluids, secretions and excreta, it is necessary to prevent the skin and mucous membrane exposure of staff and the pollution of work clothes, so that pathogenic microorganisms can spread to patients and pollute the environment.
(3) Sharps that need to be reused should be placed in stab-resistant containers for transportation, handling and prevention of stab wounds.
(4) Disposable sharp tools, such as needles, are placed in stab-proof and leakage-proof containers for harmless treatment.
6. Disinfection of surfaces, environment, clothes and tableware.
(1) Clean the environment and surfaces of articles in general wards of hospitals, including bed bars, bedside tables, chairs, door handles, etc., and disinfect them at any time if there is any pollution.
(two) when handling and transporting clothes contaminated by blood, body fluids, secretions and excreta, it is necessary to prevent medical personnel from exposing their skin and polluting work clothes and the environment.
(3) Reusable tableware should be cleaned and disinfected before use, and patients should be isolated to use disposable tableware as much as possible.
(4) Reuse clothes are put into special bags and transported to designated places for cleaning and disinfection to prevent pollution during transportation.
7, emergency places may need resuscitation, with simple breathing bag (resuscitation bag) or other ventilation device instead of mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration.
8. Medical wastes shall be treated harmlessly in accordance with the Regulations on the Management of Medical Wastes promulgated by the state and relevant laws and regulations. Contact isolation contact transmission refers to diseases transmitted through contact. Contact transmission is the main and common transmission route of hospital infection, which generally includes direct transmission and indirect transmission. On the basis of standard prevention, patients who are diagnosed or suspected to be infected with intestinal infection, multi-drug resistant bacteria infection, skin infection and other contact-spread pathogenic microorganisms should also take contact-spread isolation prevention. Isolation of patients
(1) Patients are arranged in a separate isolation room, and patients infected with the same pathogen can be arranged in one room if conditions permit.
(2) Limiting the patient's range of activities.
(3) Reduce transshipment. If transshipment is necessary, minimize pollution to other patients and environmental surfaces.
Contact isolation protection isolation
(1) Wear gloves when touching patients, including blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions and other substances.
(2) Before leaving the isolation ward, take off gloves, wash hands and/or disinfect your hands after touching the contaminated items.
(3) Wear isolation gown when entering the ward and engaging in operations that may pollute work clothes; Before leaving the ward, take off the isolation gown and hang it as required, or use disposable isolation gown, and dispose of it according to the requirements of medical waste management after use.
(4) Isolation signs should be set up in the isolation room to limit personnel access. Air isolation refers to the spread of pathogenic microorganisms through particles (particle size less than 5 μm)- aerosols suspended in the air. & gt
Question 4: Basic characteristics of standard prevention 1, emphasizing two-way prevention, preventing diseases from spreading from patients to medical staff, preventing diseases from spreading from medical staff to patients, preventing blood-borne diseases from spreading, and preventing non-blood-borne diseases from spreading. According to the main transmission routes of diseases, isolation measures are taken: contact isolation, air isolation and droplet isolation.
Question 5: What is standard prevention? What are the standard precautions? (1) Hand washing and disinfection is an important measure to cut off the spread of contact, and it should meet the requirements of "Hand Hygiene Standard for Medical Staff".
(2) Wear gloves when touching substances and articles contaminated by blood, body fluids, secretions and excretions.
(3) Wash your hands immediately after taking off your gloves.
(4) When blood, body fluids, secretions and other substances may be splashed on the work clothes, face and eyes of medical personnel, they should wear surgical masks, protective glasses or masks, isolation gown or waterproof aprons.
(5) Pay special attention when handling all sharp instruments to avoid being stabbed.
(6) Correct disinfection and sterilization measures should be taken for medical instruments and instruments used by patients.
Question 6: What are the standard precautions? 1. Standard prevention integrates many characteristics of systemic prevention and isolation of substances in the body, and determines that the patient's blood, body fluids, secretions and excreta are infectious and need to be isolated, regardless of whether there is obvious blood pollution or whether it is in contact with incomplete skin and mucosa. Personnel who come into contact with the above substances must take protective measures.
Secondly, according to the route of transmission, contact isolation, droplet isolation and air isolation are successful and effective measures to prevent hospital infection.
1, isolation object: All patients' blood, body fluids, secretions and excretions are considered infectious and need to be isolated.
2. Protection: implement two-way protection to prevent the two-way spread of diseases.
3. Isolation measures: establish isolation measures for contact, air and droplets according to the transmission route. It focuses on hand washing and the timing of hand washing.
Question 7: Standard preventive measures are being taken at present. What contents in the standard can prevent and determine that the patient's blood, body fluids, secretions and excretions are infectious and must be isolated, regardless of whether there is obvious blood pollution or contact?
Incomplete skin and mucosa, people who come into contact with the above substances must take protective measures. Its basic characteristics are:
(1) Prevent the spread of blood-borne diseases and non-blood-borne diseases;
(2) Emphasis on two-way protection, which not only prevents diseases from spreading from patients to medical staff, but also prevents diseases from spreading from medical staff to patients;
(3) According to the main transmission route of the disease, take corresponding isolation measures, including contact isolation, air isolation and particle isolation.
In the specific operating procedures, it is:
1. Hand washing: When it may be contaminated after contact with blood, body fluids, excreta and secretions, wash your hands after taking off gloves or use quick hand disinfectant.
2. Gloves: gloves should be worn when contacting blood, body fluids, excreta, secretions and damaged skin mucosa; Gloves can prevent the possibility that medical staff will transmit the flora on their hands to patients; Gloves can prevent medical personnel from becoming a medium of infection with microorganisms, that is, prevent medical personnel from spreading pathogens contaminated from patients or the environment among people. Always change gloves between two patients; Gloves can't replace hand washing.
3. Masks, goggles and masks: Wearing masks and goggles can also reduce the splashing of infectious substances such as body fluids, blood and secretions of patients on the eyes, mouth and nasal mucosa of medical staff.
4. isolation gown: It is only used when passing through isolation gown, so as to prevent it from being polluted by infectious blood, secretions, exudates, splashing water and a large number of infectious substances. Wash your hands immediately after taking off isolation gown to avoid polluting other patients and the environment.
5. Reusable equipment:
(1) Reusable medical supplies and medical equipment shall be disinfected or sterilized as required when used for the next patient.
(2) When dealing with instruments and equipment contaminated by blood, body fluids, secretions and excreta, it is necessary to prevent the skin and mucous membrane exposure of staff and the pollution of work clothes, so that pathogenic microorganisms can spread to patients and pollute the environment.
(3) Sharps that need to be reused should be placed in stab-resistant containers for transportation, handling and prevention of stab wounds.
(4) Disposable sharp tools, such as needles, are placed in stab-proof and leakage-proof containers for harmless treatment.
6. Disinfection of surfaces, environment, clothes and tableware.
(1) Clean the environment and surfaces of articles in general wards of hospitals, including bed bars, bedside tables, chairs, door handles, etc., and disinfect them at any time if there is any pollution.
(two) when handling and transporting clothes contaminated by blood, body fluids, secretions and excreta, it is necessary to prevent medical personnel from exposing their skin and polluting work clothes and the environment.
(3) Reusable tableware should be cleaned and disinfected before use, and patients should be isolated to use disposable tableware as much as possible.
(4) Reuse clothes are put into special bags and transported to designated places for cleaning and disinfection to prevent pollution during transportation.
7, emergency places may need resuscitation, with simple breathing bag (resuscitation bag) or other ventilation device instead of mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration.
8. Medical wastes shall be treated harmlessly in accordance with the Regulations on the Management of Medical Wastes promulgated by the state and relevant laws and regulations. Contact isolation contact transmission refers to diseases transmitted through contact. Contact transmission is the main and common transmission route of hospital infection, which generally includes direct transmission and indirect transmission. On the basis of standard prevention, patients who are diagnosed or suspected to be infected with intestinal infection, multi-drug resistant bacteria infection, skin infection and other contact-spread pathogenic microorganisms should also take contact-spread isolation prevention. Isolation of patients
(1) Patients are arranged in a separate isolation room, and patients infected with the same pathogen can be arranged in one room if conditions permit.
(2) Limiting the patient's range of activities.
(3) Reduce transshipment. If transshipment is necessary, minimize pollution to other patients and environmental surfaces.
Contact isolation protection isolation
(1) Wear gloves when touching patients, including blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions and other substances.
(2) Before leaving the isolation ward, take off gloves, wash hands and/or disinfect your hands after touching the contaminated items.
(3) Wear isolation gown when entering the ward and engaging in operations that may pollute work clothes; Before leaving the ward, take off the isolation gown and hang it as required, or use disposable isolation gown, and dispose of it according to the requirements of medical waste management after use.
(4) Isolation signs should be set up in the isolation room to limit personnel access. Air isolation refers to the spread of pathogenic microorganisms through particles (particle size less than 5 μm)- aerosols suspended in the air. & gt
Question 8: What are the aspects of standard prevention? Standard prevention integrates many characteristics of systemic prevention and isolation of substances in the body, and draws the conclusion that the patient's blood, body fluids, secretions and excreta are contagious and need to be isolated, regardless of whether there is obvious blood pollution or whether it is in contact with incomplete skin and mucosa. Personnel who come into contact with the above substances must take protective measures. Taking air, droplets and air isolation according to the route of transmission is a successful and effective measure to prevent hospital infection. 1 isolated object: protection: implement two-way protection to prevent two-way spread of diseases. Isolation measures: establish isolation measures for contact, air and droplets according to the transmission route. It focuses on hand washing and the timing of hand washing. Standard precautions. Hand washing: When contact with blood, body fluids, excrement and secretions may be contaminated, wash your hands after taking off gloves or use quick hand disinfectant. 2. Gloves: gloves should be worn when contacting blood, body fluids, excreta, secretions and damaged skin mucosa; Gloves can prevent the possibility that medical staff will transmit the flora on their hands to patients; Gloves can prevent medical personnel from becoming a medium of infection with microorganisms, that is, prevent medical personnel from spreading pathogens contaminated from patients or the environment among people. Always change gloves between two patients; Gloves can't replace hand washing. Standard precautions 2 3. Masks, goggles and masks: Wearing masks and goggles can also reduce the splashing of infectious substances such as body fluids, blood and secretions of patients on the eyes, mouth and nasal mucosa of medical staff. 4. isolation gown: It is only used when passing through isolation gown, so as to prevent it from being polluted by infectious blood, secretions, exudates, splashing water and a large number of infectious substances. Wash your hands immediately after taking off isolation gown to avoid polluting other patients and the environment. Standard precautions 3 5. Reusable equipment: (1) Reusable medical supplies and medical equipment shall be disinfected or sterilized as required when used for the next patient. (2) When dealing with instruments and equipment contaminated by blood, body fluids, secretions and excreta, it is necessary to prevent the skin and mucous membrane exposure of staff and the pollution of work clothes, so that pathogenic microorganisms can spread to patients and pollute the environment. (3) Sharps that need to be reused should be placed in stab-resistant containers for transportation, handling and prevention of stab wounds. (4) Disposable sharp tools, such as needles, are placed in stab-proof and leakage-proof containers for harmless treatment. Standard precautions 4 6. Disinfection of surface, environment, clothes and tableware (1) The environment and surface of general wards in hospitals, including bed bars, bedside tables, chairs, door handles, etc. , should be cleaned regularly and disinfected at any time to prevent pollution. (2) When handling and transporting clothes contaminated by blood, body fluids, secretions and excreta, it is necessary to prevent medical personnel from exposing their skin and polluting work clothes and the environment. (3) Reusable tableware should be cleaned and disinfected before use, and patients should be isolated to use disposable tableware as much as possible. (4) Reuse clothes are put into special bags and transported to designated places for cleaning and disinfection to prevent pollution during transportation. Standard precautions 5 7. When resuscitation is needed in emergency places, simple breathing bags (resuscitation bags) or other ventilation devices are used instead of mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration. 8. Medical wastes shall be treated harmlessly in accordance with the Regulations on the Management of Medical Wastes promulgated by the state and relevant laws and regulations. Contact isolation 1 contact transmission refers to diseases transmitted through contact. Contact transmission is the main and common transmission route of hospital infection, which generally includes direct transmission and indirect transmission. On the basis of standard prevention, patients who are diagnosed or suspected to be infected with intestinal infection, multi-drug resistant bacteria infection, skin infection and other contact-spread pathogenic microorganisms should also take contact-spread isolation prevention. 1, patient isolation (1) Patients are placed in a separate isolation room, and patients infected with the same pathogen can be placed in a room if conditions permit. (2) Restrict the patient's range of activities. (3) Reduce transshipment. If transshipment is necessary, minimize pollution to other patients and environmental surfaces. Contact isolation 2 2. Protective isolation (1) Wear gloves when entering the isolation ward to contact the patient, including the patient's blood, body fluids, secretions, excreta and other substances. (2) Before leaving the isolation ward, take off gloves, wash hands and/or disinfect your hands after touching the contaminated items. (3) Enter the ward and engage in ... >>
Question 9: What is standard prevention? (Concept) Standard prevention integrates many characteristics of systemic prevention and isolation of substances in the body, and ensures that the patient's blood, body fluids, secretions and excreta are contagious and need to be isolated, regardless of whether there is obvious blood pollution or not, and whether it is in contact with incomplete skin and mucosa. Personnel who come into contact with the above substances must take protective measures. According to the route of transmission, air, droplets and air isolation are successful and effective measures to prevent hospital infection.
Question 10: Basic characteristics of standard prevention 1, emphasizing two-way prevention, preventing diseases from spreading from patients to medical staff, preventing diseases from spreading from medical staff to patients, preventing blood-borne diseases from spreading, preventing non-blood-borne diseases from spreading, and adopting isolation measures according to the main transmission routes of diseases: contact isolation, air isolation and droplet isolation.