Engineering supervision system has a long history in the international arena, it plays a pivotal role in the supervision of urban construction and project implementation. China began in 1996 in the construction field to fully implement the project supervision system, the implementation of the project supervision system, making the project construction field of supervision of the increasing demand for professionals. From the pre-construction planning, design management, to the project bidding, construction of the whole process, including progress, cost, quality and safety and other aspects of the full range of management needs, have created a good opportunity for the development of the engineering supervision industry. Supervision engineers are engaged in a respectable (things in people) occupation, the status of the technical field is equivalent to the legal field of lawyers and doctors in the medical field.
Overall, the status of supervision, social status than the construction unit to be strong, but the salary is not high, unless the move crooked things, a good supervisor will be very tired, learning can be more than the construction unit, because the supervision requirements are more comprehensive, not only limited to the quality, safety, progress, cost, contract, law, individual areas, but the requirements of the more comprehensive, the requirements of the supervisors are relatively low, but the requirements of the state registered supervision engineers are more comprehensive. Registered Supervision Engineer requirements are relatively high, must be an engineer title and full three years before you can test, from a bachelor's degree college students to obtain the National Registered Supervision Engineer certificate is a one-time pass, it will not be less than 8 years, one year after the Assistant Engineer can be graded, and then four years after the review of engineers, and then three years before you can test the National Registered Supervision Engineer, the normal should be 9 years, so after graduation It will be more difficult to engage in supervision!
1 Supervision industry can continue to exist in the argument that the future direction of development of the supervision industry, should be the first to consider the question: engineering supervision units can continue to exist? Still if the future do not need engineering supervision, then there is no way to talk about the future development direction of the supervision industry. I personally believe that the supervision industry will continue to exist in the short term, first of all, because the government needs it. Because the government hopes that through the supervision of enterprises to ensure the quality and safety of China's construction projects, which is the supervision industry and the enterprise's "foundation". And hope that through the supervision and management of the implementation stage of the project supervision enterprises, to promote China's construction industry towards "standardization, safety, technology, internationalization and energy saving and environmental protection". Secondly, the role played by the supervision enterprise is similar to that of the referee in a sports event. Both of them have almost the same characteristics and are required to supervise (adjudicate) the construction industry in a "fair, independent, honest and scientific" manner. China has so many athletes (construction), will also need to match the number of judges (supervision enterprises) to carry out the event (construction) of the ruling (supervision). Once again, there are many supervisors in the domestic construction industry (more than 6,600 homogeneous enterprises, more than 720,000 professional and technical personnel), and it is impossible for the government to cancel the project supervision immediately, which will definitely lead to the unemployment of many supervisors, the collapse of many families' "pillars", and a substantial cut in the family's economic income, which will also lead to social instability. This will also lead to social instability. This is also a sight that the Government does not wish to see. Lastly, the fact that the state can put the supervisory system into law, and that the law is second only to the Constitution, is sufficient to show that the state attaches great importance to it and needs it. In summary, it can be inferred that the supervision industry in China will continue to exist. 2 The original intention of the government to set up the supervision of the Chinese People's Republic of China *** and the State Construction Law in the 2011 revised version of Chapter IV: Construction Supervision of Article 32: "Construction supervision shall be in accordance with the laws, administrative regulations and the relevant technical standards, design documents and construction contract, the contracting unit in the quality of construction, the construction period and the use of construction funds. , on behalf of the construction unit to implement supervision." GB/T 50319-2013 "Construction Engineering Supervision Specification" also further clarifies the concept of "Supervision" - "The engineering supervision unit is entrusted by the construction unit, according to the laws and regulations, engineering construction standards, survey and design documents and contracts, to implement supervision on behalf of the construction unit in terms of construction quality, construction period and use of construction funds, Survey and design documents and contracts, in the construction phase of the construction project quality, progress, cost control, contract, information management, coordination of the relationship between the parties involved in the construction of the project, and to fulfill the statutory duties of the construction project production safety management service activities." Laws and norms reflect the will of the state, from which it can be seen that the state set up supervision of the original intention is to supervise the enterprise can play a positive role in the "quality of the project, construction schedule, construction funds, contracts, information" and so on. 3 The current situation of the supervision industry 3.1 The current situation of a real "Chinese people *** and the State Registered Supervision Engineer Certificate of Practice" of the number of supervision practitioners is small, unable to meet the needs of the project. This has also caused some of the superintendent supervision engineers to concurrently take up more than three or more engineering projects at the same time. After all, the energy and time of the superintendent engineer is limited, which naturally results in the reduction of a project's supervision efforts and the decline of the management level. Also caused by the director of the supervision engineer of a project lack of comprehensive, practical understanding of the situation, naturally can not do a good job of supervision. 3.2 The status quo two supervision practitioners quality, skill level is uneven overall quality is low, and even some supervision practitioners are from the previous mason as, or by the not "class origin" but a long time in contact with the building construction, the education of junior college or less, or by some of the retired rehired personnel to form a supervision team. Of course, there are some excellent supervision engineers in the supervision industry. Because these people have not been systematically educated or trained in the theoretical knowledge of civil engineering and engineering project management methods. Despite the long time contact with the front-line construction, the individual practices are brutal, chaotic, violating the civil engineering theory, or even illegal. Therefore, such a supervisory team is naturally unable to complete the supervision and service work with quality and quantity. 3.3 Status III Anyone who is engaged in the construction industry knows that the supervisory line has the lowest salary. Low wages, naturally unable to attract high-quality supervisors; low wages, naturally unable to retain capable supervisors; low wages, naturally unable to stimulate the practitioner's work enthusiasm. When a business fails to make money, naturally fewer people will enter the field; when an industry fails to feed the family, naturally fewer people will enter the industry. The low wages of employees will also lead to the supervision industry is becoming increasingly depressed, sluggish, grumbling. Gradually slipped to become a "country abandoned, the owner refers to, the construction of the complaint, the supervision of the inferiority complex" of the sick industry. 3.4 Status IV Currently in the construction of the project construction parties involved in the supervision of the responsibility is unlimited expansion. Safety accidents first to find the supervisor; quality accidents first to find the supervisor; out of not carefully view caused by rework and so on, also first to find the supervisor. Supervision of the responsibility of its low income, obviously does not match, this is also now the deformity of the supervision industry. 4 Supervision industry future development direction of the existence of an industry and the direction of development, only a small component is dependent on the will of the individual, more is based on market demand and the existence and development. For example: with the national punishment for drunk driving increased, resulting in "drunk driving" industry. It is because it caters to the needs of the times, the needs of car owners, the needs of the country (to reduce and minimize the occurrence of traffic accidents), so the birth of its birth and began to quietly flourish. Because of the innovation of Apple's cell phone and smarter, more humanized system, catering to the needs of the times. Apple has become the world's largest company by market capitalization for three consecutive years. And in sharp contrast to the Nokia due to the stubbornness, also from the former glory to the decline, regrettable. This is the way of heaven. The trend of the world, the great and powerful, and the smooth, against the death. Similarly, the future development direction of the supervision industry is also dependent on demand, there are three main levels of demand. Respectively, the national level, the owner level, the supervision of the enterprise level, the following will be elaborated one by one. 4.1 What kind of supervision enterprise the country wants What kind of supervision enterprise the country wants, that is, what kind of role the country expects the future supervision enterprise can play. I can not yet know the country's future expectations of supervision, but I can know the country's current expectations. From the country's current laws, regulations, norms, especially the first chapter - "General Provisions" in the first can quickly and directly see the country's expectations. For example: "This Law is enacted in order to strengthen the supervision and management of construction activities, maintain the order of the construction market, ensure the quality and safety of construction works, and promote the healthy development of the construction industry." -Construction Law "In order to improve the level of construction supervision and related services, and to regulate the behavior of construction supervision and related services, this Code is formulated." --Code for Construction Engineering Supervision "This Code is formulated to improve the level of construction engineering project management and promote the scientific, standardized, institutionalized and internationalized management of construction engineering projects." --Code for the Management of Construction Projects To sum up, it can be summarized as follows: ensure the quality and safety of construction works, improve the level of supervision, and standardize the behavior of supervision. Ultimately, the goal of China's construction industry to step into scientific, standardized, institutionalized and internationalized is achieved. The realization of this goal, the state hopes that the supervision industry can play a role in promoting. That supervision enterprises and how to achieve this goal? Or a different way of asking: what kind of supervision enterprises can achieve this goal? I will try to answer: (1) "to ensure the quality and safety of the project", the requirements of supervision practitioners must have excellent theoretical knowledge, as well as practical experience and relevant engineering safety knowledge, summarized in one sentence that: high-quality supervision. (2) "Improve the level of supervision, standardize the behavior of supervision" requires that the practitioners of supervision must enhance the legal awareness, so that according to laws and regulations, construction standards, etc. to perform the duties of supervision and constraints on their own behavior. (3) "To realize the scientific, standardized, institutionalized and internationalized construction industry in China" requires supervisors to have certain foreign language communication skills and to learn and abide by local laws. The country's future expectations for supervision are simply "higher, faster, stronger" at the current stage, as well as new expectations in other areas. Newly added projects are mainly market-driven, i.e., what kind of supervision enterprises are available in the market with what kind of demand. 4.2 owners need what kind of supervision enterprises in the beginning of the discussion, first of all, clear that the "owners" here refers to the owners of the market, including government departments. A project is less than tens of millions of dollars more than a few billion plus the owners are usually amateurs, so the owners will need a specialized, high-quality engineering consulting enterprises to become their own "Zhu Geliang master-at-arms" and "intimate stewardship", to provide their own planning, organization, Management and other services, referred to as "the whole process" type of service. So what kind of supervision enterprise can meet the owners of this demand? I try to answer: (1) "Zhu Geliang military division": "Zhu Geliang" is usually the wisdom of the representative, the owners that hope to be able to have a first-class supervision enterprises to serve themselves. "Master" that is, hope that the supervision enterprise to play the role of decision-making, planning. For example, select the optimal design, construction program, contract mode, participate in the selection of the optimal design unit, bidding agency. (2) "attentive housekeeper": i.e., I hope that the supervision enterprise will be loyal to the owner and do its duty to save the owner's heart. For example: to provide thematic studies of construction projects, the preparation and evaluation of project proposals or feasibility study reports, project quality throughout the process (design quality, material quality, equipment quality and environmental quality affecting the operation or operation of the project, etc.) monitoring and safety management, and even participate in the preparation of bidding documents and organization of the evaluation of bids, to assist in the signing of contracts and so on. According to the above list, it is not difficult to see the owner level hope that the future development direction of the supervision enterprise, the next will discuss the supervision enterprise on their own look forward to. 4.3 Supervisory enterprises on their own future hope Supervisory enterprises on their own future hope, that is, hope that through the opening of the supervision company can bring him what. I think no matter what his motives, he is hoping that his business can be profitable for him to bring wealth. Then how to realize profits? I try to answer: (1) "profit", this is a business management issues, I dare not jump to conclusions. But I only want to use "open source" four words to answer. Open source, mainly by taking on more projects to realize; cutting back on expenses, is mainly by business management to achieve. Then how to realize to undertake more projects? That is, you can ask, why are owners willing to sign with you? Answer: Your service can be satisfied with the owners. How can owners be satisfied? A: to meet the needs of owners. At this point, it can be found that Article 3 and Article 2 hope that the future direction of supervision is the same (expressed in 2 'article). And obviously Article 1 is the basis for the existence of the supervisory enterprise. That means then that the future direction of supervision consists of Article 1 plus Article 2', and that Article 2' must not violate the provisions of Article 1. After checking, Article 2 of the (1) sub-article that is "Zhu Geliang military division" meets the requirements of Article 1. Sub-clause (2), i.e. the supervision of the whole process of the project by the superintendent in "attentive steward", is not in line with the current "Specification for the Supervision of Construction Works". With the specification of "supervision only in the construction phase of the project supervision" is not consistent. But the owner needs should also be the country needs, because the state always realize the people's aspirations, to meet the needs of the people, to safeguard the interests of the people as the fundamental starting point and starting point of all work. When one day the supervision enterprise can have the ability to have the whole process of supervision of the project, I think the state will revise and improve the relevant laws and regulations, norms, in order to promote the implementation of the supervision enterprise whole process of supervision. Article 2 (2) also meets the requirements of Article 1. The final conclusion is: the future development direction of the supervision industry is: the whole process of supervision of the project, supervision enterprises to provide owners with high-quality, high-intelligence services. Supervision practitioners of their own ability will tend to be a generalist in the industry, that is, comprehensive talents. The whole industry will gradually enter the orderly, standardized and healthy development period, and ultimately to maturity. 5 Conclusion In today's market allocation of resources plays a decisive role in the context of the development of an industry will be "a hundred flowers blossom, a hundred schools of thought" of the scene - to meet the market different owners and owners of different needs. Service mode and content can be the whole process of the project's high-end technical consulting and management services, but also only the construction phase of the site technology, quality and safety and cost and other aspects of supervision services. It gradually realizes the transformation from a single supervision enterprise to an international diversified engineering consulting enterprise, providing services such as master planning, economic assessment, feasibility study, project management and construction supervision. At present, all industries are developing and innovating under the leadership of big data, and it is impossible for the supervision industry to be alone, and it is even more necessary to innovate and think, practice internal skills, and provide advanced technical consulting. In the call for legal fairness and justice at the same time, but also to reflect on the existence of many problems in the industry, to look up to the industry, to say "no" to the low bid, the national requirements and business requirements are not divorced, it can only be a muddle! Supervisors are not stripped from the party involved in the construction, can not do justice to the party. Not the positioning of the government to make clear, the positioning of the supervision will certainly not be clear. The direction of development, rely on the government is not reliable, rely on the enterprise will not be unified, the size of the enterprise is different, currently fleeing may be the best way out! Supervision of the industry's future development direction is: the whole process of supervision of the project, supervision of enterprises to provide owners with high-quality, high-intelligence services. Exclude the foreign interference of the layman tube inside, exclude the quality, safety and mutual shirking of responsibility, exclude the supervision of enterprises and supervisors can not be independent and autonomous, and the owner called to the embarrassing situation. Supervision practitioners of their own ability will tend to industry has a fine generalist that is a comprehensive talent. The whole industry will gradually enter the orderly, standardized and healthy development period, and ultimately towards maturity.
I did eleven years in the construction company responsible for technology, supervision of the industry I still recognize, China's construction companies, if there is no supervision of the site to do the project at least 80% unqualified, there is no supervision of the construction unit of the project basically every process can be jerry-rigged to do false, this is the quality of the contemporary Chinese, everything is for the sake of money, do not consider the quality of engineering and safety, the construction process has a supervisor on-site. Safety, the construction process on-site there is a supervisor construction unit in the cattle also have to convergence point, jerry-building also depends on the situation. In recent years, the supervision of the industry is not good for three reasons:
First, the construction unit is too many registered companies, registered companies can wrap up the project basically and the investor's relationship is very iron, in this way, the supervision of the work of the task is particularly difficult, and also do not do a good job.
Second, we all know that the construction of this work on the structure of the work certainly can not be a problem, the construction process of a small problem is unavoidable, the construction staff must be hand-operated, there are individual representatives of the A party and the quality inspection station those who do not understand the personnel check the site to see a little bit of a small problem feel that the building is going to collapse. Then threaten to supervise the enterprise does not act, for the construction unit, this time the construction unit generally take the money to the quality inspection station and the party representative. So the real scourge of the site is the quality supervision station (quality inspection station) and do not understand the professional representatives of the party.
Third, the project supervision for the project quality and safety management based on the national building acceptance criteria and safety regulations and construction drawings and design requirements for management and supervision, which is in line with national construction laws and regulations. But the construction process of engineering changes (is to change the construction drawings) is the representative of the party A, which inadvertently affect the quality and cost of the project. Individual party A in order to save money to change the original construction drawings and changes, the final cost is not recognized, and put the responsibility to the supervision of the enterprise.
The supervision enterprise itself is an independent construction company, the core of the work is to be fair, equitable, open and transparent, scientific management mode, supervision of the enterprise's funds should be given by the state to the direct allocation, so that the supervision of the enterprise can be truly independent management. Party A to the supervision of the funds allocated to the enterprise, the supervision staff must also obey the Party's orders, right or wrong Party said. China's supervision of enterprises is not good because the supervision of the party responsible for the supervision, foreign supervision of good work that is because the supervision can be independent.
I entered the supervision industry nearly 20 years, can barely answer this question. I think the current development of the supervision industry has completely deviated from the state then introduced the supervision of the industry's original intention, from providing specialized, full-process project management down to the construction stage of most supervision companies are now doing quality and safety control, in a sense, also became the "backstabber". This is both the government's responsibility to guide, but also Party A, supervision companies disorderly competition, vicious price pressures caused by a variety of confusion, but also resulting in a vicious circle. At present, the government also sees the problem, the two years are starting from top to bottom of the corrective, and the direction of the corrective is the whole process of engineering consulting, intends to enter the industry can be searched online in this regard in the past two years of various types of documents, so that they can judge the industry there is no future. I believe that this reform, if effective, can also correct the direction of development of this industry. After all, although the development of the consulting industry in our country is relatively slow, but in the international are a more mature industry, we should have confidence in this industry.
The existence or otherwise of an industry and the direction of development, only a small component is dependent on the will of the individual, more is based on market demand and the existence of the development. For example, as the country's penalties for drunk driving increased, resulting in the creation of the "drunk driving" industry. It is because it caters to the needs of the times, the needs of car owners, the needs of the country (to reduce and reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents), so the birth of its birth and began to quietly prosperous.
What kind of supervision enterprise does the country want
What kind of supervision enterprise does the country want, that is, what kind of role does the country expect the future supervision enterprise to play. I can not yet know the future expectations of the state supervision, but I can know the state's current expectations. From the country's current laws, regulations, norms, especially the first chapter - "General Provisions" in the first can quickly and directly see the country's expectations. For example:
"In order to strengthen the supervision and management of construction activities, maintain the order of the construction market, ensure the quality and safety of construction works, and promote the healthy development of the construction industry, this Law is enacted." --Construction Law
"In order to improve the level of construction supervision and related services, standardize the behavior of construction supervision and related services, formulate
this specification." --Construction Engineering Supervision Specification
"In order to improve the level of construction engineering project management, and to promote the scientific, standardized, institutionalized and internationalized construction engineering project management, this specification is formulated." --Construction Engineering Project Management Code
To sum up, it can be summarized as follows: ensure the quality and safety of the project, improve the level of supervision, and standardize the supervision behavior. Ultimately, to achieve the goal of China's construction industry into scientific, standardized, institutionalized and internationalized.
And the realization of this goal, the state hopes that the supervision industry can play a role in promoting. That supervision enterprises and how to achieve this goal? Or another way to ask: what kind of supervision enterprise can realize this goal?
I'll try to answer:
(1) "to ensure the quality and safety of the project", the requirements of the supervision of practitioners must have excellent theoretical knowledge, as well as practical experience and relevant engineering safety knowledge, summarized in a sentence that: high-quality supervision.
(2) "Improve the level of supervision, standardize the supervision behavior", the supervision practitioners must enhance the legal awareness, to do according to laws and regulations, construction standards, etc. to perform supervision duties and constraints on their own behavior.
(3) "To realize the scientific, standardized, institutionalized and internationalization of China's construction industry" requires supervisors to have certain foreign language communication skills and to learn and comply with local laws.
The state's future expectations for supervision are simply "higher, faster, stronger" at the current stage, as well as new expectations in other areas. The new additions are mainly market-driven, i.e., what kind of demand for the market, there are what kind of supervision business.
I am the earliest in the country to engage in the practice of construction supervision of the batch. The first version of the national construction supervision specification of a lot of content, from our supervision practice. So, I have a right to speak on this issue.
The construction supervision system is a project management system stipulated in the construction law. The original design of the supervision system, mainly from the International Federation of Engineers "Engineer" system, the supervision unit should be within the scope of the authorization of the construction unit, independent work, for the owner to provide professional project management or consulting services.
Its basic feature is: the supervision engineer is independent of the owner, the contractor outside the impartial third party. Supervision engineers must be by the understanding of economics, technology, management, understanding of regulations, a high level of composite professionals, with their high level of professional knowledge, to provide owners with a high level of service to ensure that the owners of the project objectives (quality, schedule, cost, functionality) more quickly and economically to achieve a higher economic and social benefits.
However, after more than 30 years of development, and especially the interference of the Chief Executive's will, today's supervisory system has changed beyond recognition. Nowadays, the supervisory system has seriously deviated from the original intention, requiring the supervisory engineers to bear a lot of social responsibilities that they should not bear. The rights of the supervising engineers are not enough to bear such responsibilities, and the status of the supervising engineers can not bear these responsibilities.
Supervising engineers should only be responsible to the owner, to help the owner to manage the project, but today's supervision companies, the vast majority do not have this quality.
The compensation of the supervisory personnel is seriously inconsistent with their responsibilities and the positioning of the supervisory engineer. Too low compensation, too high responsibility, resulting in a large number of high-quality, young and strong talent loss, resulting in the quality of supervision engineers is also far from the past.
Take the supervision company I serve as an example, more than twenty years ago, senior engineers accounted for more than 30% of the total number of companies. There were two senior engineers among all the data clerks. Many of the deputy general managers and chief engineers of large construction companies to come here can only do the director, general agent. Now, on the ability to work, many people who could only be supervisors in the past, now do the director.
Supervision industry, has now entered a vicious circle. Talent quality is getting lower and lower, more and more responsibility.
Now, the supervision system has come to the situation that must be reformed, if not, the whole industry will have no future.
Construction supervision of this industry is the state "Building Law" given. So it is considered the root of the industry. But China's supervision system is still imperfect and need to improve the place. First of all, the positioning of the supervision is to accept the commission of the party, the party to provide technical advice service industry. Not some netizens think is equivalent to the quality supervision station and safety supervision station and other government departments. Supervision of most of the power from the authorization of the party, without the approval of the party supervise a lot of instructions is difficult to implement. Because the construction unit is now to the construction unit or construction unit to ask for money, who gives money to listen to who. Although the construction law also gives the supervisor a lot of authority, but this money society, the construction side cares about the employer's requirements are relatively large. Simply put, is the party and the supervisor issued different instructions, the construction side will listen to the party's instructions more. This is the reality! Secondly, the supervisor is also employed by Party A or the construction unit. The superintendent's money is also taken from the A or the construction organization. If the supervisor in full accordance with the construction law supervision works, do not listen to the instructions of the A side, the results can be expected. Light is difficult to carry out the project, heavy is the supervisor change, serious is difficult to pay the supervision fee. The constructor or Party A is an investor supported by the local government, and very often the government is in favor of the investor. The position of the supervisor is quite weak in our special national conditions! Netizens will accuse the supervisors of dereliction of duty after many safety and quality accidents, but how many people will understand the embarrassment of our supervision industry? China's supervision is to take the money to sell cabbage to manipulate the heart of selling white flour. Supervision fee is very little, but safety, quality and progress of the responsibility can not be pulled down. When things go wrong, the public will think of the supervisor's negligence, the department will also pull the supervisor to take the blame. However, any industry has advantages and disadvantages. The so-called line of work, not to mention the supervisory industry is also said above the roots of the red. Is the national law given by the formal units, supervision in the work of adhering to laws and regulations, rationalize the construction of five-party relationship, not humble supervision of the work of the industry still has the value of existence. Survival in the cracks, seeking development in the crisis.
Although Party A seems to be very interested in the appearance, but the actual Party A should respect the supervision of reasonable and legitimate views. After all, Party A's irregularities and illegal operations abound. If you really piss off the superintendent, their works and work is not good to carry out. After all, the supervisor status is given by the construction law, the supervisor is involved in the construction of the entire project almost the whole process. Party A how if completely defy the status of supervision, supervision is also a countermeasure. And the supervision is not afraid of your party A does not give supervision fee. First of all, there are contract terms. Secondly, Party A violates the fact that if it is a terrier. Without the cooperation of the supervision, how to hand over the project? Party A is too desperate to do things, the supervision is not necessary to work with you next time. Developers with too bad a reputation will not be supported by the public and the government! After all, the supervisor did not cut corners and irregularities in the operation of the motives, violations of the originator is the developer and the construction unit is mostly.
The project is good or bad, and supervision has nothing to do, depending on the construction team, in a good supervision of the construction team can not, the project is also a whole lot of problems, good construction, what do not understand the supervision, as usual, can do a good job. Therefore, is not a necessary link, has now been the status of supervision, we know that the embarrassing industry, mixed places, unlimited responsibility, something happens to someone to take the blame for such a subject
Supervision industry how to develop? This is mainly in the owners and the relevant state policy. The same is the construction field of enterprises, why supervision engineers and supervisors wages are very low, is due to the owners and the relevant supervision departments do not pay attention to the supervision industry, the formation of large owners of small supervision, supervision industry that can be dispensable, suitable for very difficult to carry out supervision work. In addition, the owner in order to their own small profits, not in the construction enterprises, but in the supervision of the efforts of the enterprise. Originally, according to the normal should be 500,000 supervision fee, the duration of half a year, need 4 supervision engineers, however, there are in the pressure level pressure price, the cost is only 300,000 left stone. So the supervision enterprise also arrange one to two supervisors to work. In this way, although the supervision unit does not lose money, but the site management and supervision of the force is too big decline, the formation of a vicious circle. i
Promising, but not suitable for a graduation to do supervision, you have to have a certain amount of accumulation first, in order to do respected and convincing supervision.