(b) with its testing activities to engage in testing and inspection of technicians and management personnel;
(c) with a fixed workplace, the work environment to meet the requirements of the test;
(d) engaged in testing and inspection of the activities necessary for the test Testing equipment and facilities;
(E) has and effectively run to ensure that its testing activities independent, impartial, scientific and integrity of the management system;
(F) in line with relevant laws and regulations or standards, technical specifications of the special requirements.
In the international sale of goods, the two sides of the transaction in addition to their own necessary inspection of goods, but also must be tested by an organization, after passing the test before leaving or entering the country. This according to the customer's commission or the provisions of the relevant laws on the entry and exit of goods for inspection, identification and management of the organization is the commodity inspection agency.
International commodity inspection organizations have different names, some say the fair line (Authentic Surveyor), sworn measurements (Sworn Measurer), some say the laboratory (Laboratory) and so on.
One of the types of inspection organizations:
1. Official inspection agency: invested by the state or local government, according to relevant state laws and decrees on the implementation of mandatory inspection of import and export commodities, quarantine and supervision and management of the agency. Such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
2. Semi-official inspection agency: a certain authority, authorized by the national government, on behalf of the government to exercise a commodity inspection or an aspect of the inspection and management of civil institutions. Such as the U.S. Surety Laboratories (UL).
3. Unofficial inspection agency: founded by private individuals, with professional testing, firm technical capacity of the fair line or inspection company. Such as the British Erau's fair line.
China's entry and exit commodities inspection and quarantine and supervision and management work by the State Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau and its branches set up throughout the country is responsible for;
Import and export supervision and inspection of pharmaceuticals, measuring instruments, measuring instruments, ships and containers of the normative inspection, aircraft (including aircraft engines, on-board equipment) of the airworthiness inspection, boilers and pressure vessels safety inspection, nuclear Pressure equipment safety inspection, etc., respectively, by the relevant state departments under the implementation of statutory inspection and supervision and management.
Second, the State Administration of Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine
In early 1998, according to the Ninth National People's Congress adopted the State Council's institutional reform program, from the former State Administration of Import and Export Commodity Inspection, the former Ministry of Health, Health and Quarantine Bureau and the former Ministry of Agriculture Animal and Plant Quarantine Bureau *** with the formation of the State Administration of Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine, the mouth of the State Customs General Administration under the leadership of the State Customs Administration, which marks China's entry and exit inspection Quarantine has entered a new period of development. In accordance with the State Council approved the State Administration of Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine "three" program, the State Administration of Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine is in charge of entry-exit sanitary and quarantine, animal and plant quarantine and commodity inspection of the administrative law enforcement agencies. Third, its main responsibilities are:
(1) study and formulate the entry-exit health quarantine, animal and plant quarantine and import and export commodity inspection laws, regulations and policy provisions of the implementation of the rules and regulations, methods and procedures, and supervise the entry-exit inspection and quarantine agencies to implement.
(2) the organization and implementation of entry-exit inspection and quarantine, identification and supervision and management; responsible for the implementation of the state import and export licensing system for civilian goods entry and exit verification management; organization of import and export commodities inspection and quarantine of the preliminary supervision and follow-up management.
(3) organization and implementation of entry-exit health quarantine, infectious disease monitoring and health supervision; organization and implementation of entry-exit animal and plant quarantine and supervision and management; responsible for import and export of food hygiene, quality inspection, supervision and management.
(4) organization and implementation of statutory inspection of import and export commodities; organization and management of import and export commodity appraisal and appraisal of foreign-invested property; review and approval of statutory inspection of goods exempted from inspection and organization for re-inspection.
(5) the organization of import and export of food and its production units of health registration and management of foreign registration; management of entry-exit inspection and quarantine marks, import safety and quality permits, export quality permits and is responsible for the supervision and inspection; management and implementation of import and export-related quality certification and accreditation.
(6) is responsible for foreign inspection and quarantine and accreditation agencies (including wholly owned by Chinese and foreign, cooperative inspection, accreditation agencies) of the audit and approval and supervision according to law.
(7) is responsible for goods GSP certificate of origin and general certificate of origin visa management.
(8) is responsible for the management of entry-exit inspection and quarantine business statistics and foreign outbreaks of collection, analysis and collation, to provide information guidance and consulting services.
(9) the formulation of entry-exit inspection and quarantine science and technology development planning; organization of scientific research and technology introduction; collection and provision of inspection and quarantine technical information.
(10) vertical management of entry-exit inspection and quarantine agencies.
(11) to carry out relevant international cooperation and technical exchanges, in accordance with the provisions of the technical barriers to trade and quarantine agreement to undertake the implementation of the implementation of the agreement.
(12) undertake the State Council and the General Administration of Customs other matters assigned.
State Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine in the entry-exit inspection and quarantine work in the implementation of the basic laws include: "Chinese People's **** and State Import and Export Commodity Inspection Law" (hereinafter referred to as "Commodity Inspection Law"), "Chinese People's **** and State Import and Export Commodity Inspection Law Enforcement Regulations" (hereinafter referred to as "Commodity Inspection Law Enforcement Regulations"); "Chinese People's **** and State Entry and Exit Animal and Plant Quarantine Act," "the Chinese People's *** and State Entry-Exit Animal and Plant Quarantine Law Implementation Regulations", "Chinese People's *** and State Sanitary and Quarantine Law", "Chinese People's *** and State Sanitary and Quarantine Law Implementation Rules".
Third, the State Bureau of Technical Supervision
Import and export of measuring instruments of the value of the verification by the State Bureau of Technical Supervision under the verification of measuring instruments is responsible for the department. China's "Measurement Law" provides that "the manufacture and repair of measuring instruments, enterprises, institutions, must have with the manufacture and repair of measuring instruments appropriate facilities, personnel and testing instruments and equipment, by the people's government at or above the county level measurement of the administrative department of the examination and qualification, to obtain a "license to manufacture measuring instruments" or "repair of measuring instruments" license ". "Manufacture of measuring instruments of enterprises, institutions to produce the unit has not been produced over the measurement of new products, must be measured by the people's government at or above the provincial level of measurement of the administrative department of the measurement of its samples of the performance of the assessment of the qualified, before they can be put into production".
"Imported measuring instruments, must be measured by the people's government at or above the provincial level by the administrative department of the measurement of qualified, before being allowed to sell". Failed by the test, the need to make claims abroad, by the province, city, autonomous region above the measurement of the administrative department of the foreign certificate. Such as the need for foreign claims with the certificate of commercial inspection, commercial inspection agency any measurement of the administrative department at or above the provincial level issued by the test certificate for the certificate, the measurement of the art of verification, the measurement of the administrative department responsible for the issuance of the test certificate.
Four, drug testing organizations
Drug testing organizations by the Ministry of Health under the management. In accordance with the State "Drug Administration Regulations" and the Ministry of Health issued "quality management of imported drugs," the provisions of the import and export of medicines (including raw materials, preparations and herbs), are classified as a statutory inspection by the local drug testing organizations to implement the test.
V. Ship Inspection Bureau
Ship Inspection Bureau is the national technical supervision of ships, was established in 1956, headquartered in Beijing, is responsible for the implementation of the statutory supervision and inspection of ships, and at the same time for the classification of business. Its main tasks are: the development of ship inspection regulations and ship specifications; set up offices in the country's major ports, the implementation of supervision and inspection; ships, offshore installations and their materials, machinery and equipment to implement supervision and inspection and testing, so that the ship and offshore installations with normal technical conditions, in order to protect the safety of ships, installations and people at sea, as well as the marine environment is not contaminated; in accordance with the international conventions in which our country is a party On behalf of the Government to issue certificates for ships required by the Convention; for ship classification business; as a notary public inspection.
6, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region commodity inspection organization
The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government designated inspection agency is the Standards and Testing Center. The Center in accordance with the Government issued a catalog of goods, imported goods to implement mandatory inspection. All commodities listed in the catalog cannot be sold or used without passing the tests conducted by the SCTC.
Hong Kong is a free port and there is no mandatory testing of export commodities.
The main ways to manage the inspection of commodities are mandatory inspection, voluntary application for marking inspection, international certification inspection, commissioned inspection and guided inspection for consumer choice.
In addition to the designated inspection agency, Hong Kong also has private notary public (such as Tianxiang notary public) and foreign inspection agencies (such as SGS)
Legal basis:
According to the "inspection and testing organizations accreditation management measures" Article IX apply for accreditation of inspection and testing organizations should meet six conditions.