Description of the problem:
The school is going to build a counseling room, can anyone have experience in setting it up? Can you give some advice.
Answer:
(a) location
The location of the school counseling room generally has the following requirements: quiet, soundproof, bright and comfortable, easy to visit but not obvious access. First of all, the counseling room should be selected in a quiet environment, in order to prevent noise, it is best to avoid music rooms, stadiums, cafeterias, student dormitories, main roads and other places. Secondly, the counseling room should be chosen in a bright and comfortable place. The room should preferably be south-facing, sunny, well-ventilated, warm in winter and cool in summer, with a wider view out of the window. There should be greenery around the building or room, and it is better if you can see it through the windows of the counseling room. Avoid choosing corners that are dark and depressing as counseling rooms. Finally, the counseling room should be located in a place where it is easy to visit but where access is not obvious. The location should not be too far away from the teaching area, dormitory area, or office area, so that it is relatively easy to reach when students want to visit. If it is too remote, although quiet, but not easy to visit, invariably there is a distance and barrier, this barrier is not only spatial, but also psychological. At the same time to ensure easy to visit, but also to make the access is not too obvious, otherwise, it will increase the pressure of visitors. Especially for teenage students, they do not have a deep understanding of counseling, they are very sensitive to the views of others, afraid of comments and misunderstandings, so they are not very willing to let their teachers and classmates to see themselves in and out of the counseling room. When choosing the location, we should take this psychological factor into full consideration and not choose a place where people come and go, where there is an unobstructed view, or too close to the principal's office or teachers' offices. Some counseling rooms are located next to the principal's office, which is certainly conducive to the principal's monitoring, but students may be daunted.
(2) layout
Psychological counseling is an all-encompassing exchange of information. In addition to direct verbal and physical communication, the layout of the room, the color of the furniture, the hanging of the portrait, the projection of sunlight, etc., are conveying a silent message. Freud also said that anything in a counseling room has a symbolic meaning. Therefore, when we set up a psychological counseling room, we must take the structure, layout and style of the counseling room seriously. Everyone has different values and aesthetics, so counseling rooms are arranged in different styles. But as a kind of help for the person concerned to reacquaint himself. Out of the predicament of the place, should strive to create such a kind of let the person feel safe, relaxed, peaceful, comfortable and full of vitality of the environment.
In the layout of the site, it should be able to meet the multiple functions of the psychological counseling room, especially the basic functions, reasonable and effective use of space. Individual counseling rooms should not be too large, otherwise it will hinder the establishment of the counseling relationship, and not too small, otherwise it is easy to produce a sense of oppression. If there are multiple rooms, the individual counseling room should not be located in the first room you enter, but in a slightly more secluded and quieter room. Visitors should be located away from the direction of doors and windows to avoid visitors meeting with outsiders who arrive suddenly, and to avoid visitors being clearly visible from outside the doors and windows. The group counseling room is suitable for a space that can accommodate about 20 people. Care should be taken not to be too close to the individual counseling room so as not to interfere with individual counseling. The office should be located in the first room at the entrance for convenience and so as not to interfere with the counseling. Figure 9-2 is the layout of the University of Tsukuba Health Administration Center Student Counseling Room in Japan, the function is complete and the layout is more reasonable, for reference.
Figure 9-2 Student Counseling Room, University of Tsukuba Health Administration Center, Japan
In terms of the interior layout, there are some variations from room to room due to different functions. However, in general all should pay attention to the atmosphere, to create an environment where visitors feel warm, calm, relaxed, comfortable and focused. Indoor light should be soft, the light is not too harsh or too dim; Harmony of tone, light yellow, light green is good, do not use a large number of too bright colors, such as red, bright yellow, and do not use a large number of dull colors, such as black, grey, brown and so on. The floor, curtains, tables, chairs, sofas, decorations on the whole should be coordinated, so that people are pleasing to the eye and happy mood. Appropriately embellish flowers and green plants to make the room full of life. Some symbolic paintings can be hung on the walls, as well as "Counseling Room Responsibilities" and "Counselor's Code" to enhance the visitors' sense of trust. The group counseling room should be able to carry out different forms of group activities, therefore, it is necessary to leave enough space for activities, tables, chairs and benches should be easy to move, and the floor should be paved with wooden boards or carpets, so that it is convenient for students to sit on the floor to carry out some activities. In terms of color, the group counseling room can be more lively and brighter than the individual counseling room, especially at the elementary school level, it can be decorated with bright colors that children like. Another point to note is that the layout of the counseling room does not have to pursue luxury. Some good economic conditions in order to show their own school of psychological counseling importance, spend a lot of money to decorate the counseling room, extremely luxurious and comfortable, which in fact is not necessary, not good but interfere with the attention of the visitors, increase the psychological burden of the visitors, counterproductive.
In the process of counseling, the counselor and the visitor can sit on the sofa, can also sit on the chair. The two couches or chairs must be positioned well. The distance between the seats should be appropriate, to about 1 meter. Generally speaking, both parties should sit at a 90-degree angle, so that they can look at each other, but also can naturally move their eyes away from each other without making the visitor feel a lot of pressure. Do not face to face, the formation of mutual confrontation pattern. If both parties sit on the same level, it is difficult to make eye contact and is also inappropriate. Between the two people can be placed on the coffee table, so that visitors have a safe, buffer interpersonal space, but also can act as a pillar to rely on when the visitor is vulnerable and powerless. Of course, the coffee table can not be too large or put too many things on the coffee table, which lengthened the distance between the two sides, hindering the exchange of information between the two sides, is not conducive to the establishment of good relations between the two sides.
Yue Xiaodong in the "Ascension of the feeling" has a paragraph about the psychological counseling room layout depiction, for your reference .
Walking into my counseling room, the first thing that caught my eye was an oil painting of the sea.
In the picture, on one side is the sea waves, surging, rolling up endless waves; on the other side is the calm coast, rippling, the tide slowly in and out. In this contrast between motion and stillness, you will instantly feel the revelation of the sea to life.
This painting has been hanging here since time immemorial. Although the house has changed owners several times, they all agreed to keep the painting. I admire the original owner's intention to hang the painting in the house, which is so appropriate in terms of the symbolism of counseling for personal growth.
Underneath the painting is a large sofa with a cream-colored cover, giving a sense of peace and tranquility. Diagonally across from the large sofa is a small sofa, also covered with a cream-colored sofa cover. Between the two sofas is a small coffee table with a lamp and a box of tissues.
In the other corner of the large sofa was a meter-high bookshelf with some of my books on it. I arranged them in a neat and aesthetic way. On the top of the bookshelf is a pot of hanging orchids, hanging down green silk, covering a corner of the bookshelf, looks both a sense of vitality and artistic sense.
The opposite side of the large sofa is my desk, which is neatly arranged with calendars, stationery and a statue of Freud. Writing fatigue, I often gaze at the statue of Freud for a while. Looking at his face of contemplation, I always feel a strong force, inspiring me to continue to explore the infinite mysteries of the human mind.
On the white wall between the two windows, I hung a Chinese painting that I brought with me. In the painting, two birds are perched on a branch, chatting leisurely, perhaps one of them is giving the other psychological counseling.
The floor of the counseling room is covered with carpet, which is also light-colored, making people feel very warm. The counseling room is cleaned every day to keep it neat and clean.
This is my consulting room: clean, harmonious, cozy, sunny, a little bit of art room mood, but not too exaggerated. The creation of this quiet, peaceful atmosphere for psychological counseling has an important symbolic significance and suggestive role.
I want to make every person who enters my house, can feel relaxed and comfortable. In particular, the symbolism of the sea, the vitality of the orchid, and the whispering of the birds have repeatedly become the topic of conversation between me and my clients.
Third, the facilities and appliances of the counseling room
The facilities of the counseling room are closely related to its size and function. If it is the simplest counseling room, only a room, only to provide individual counseling and telephone counseling, that is equipped with desks, telephones, chairs, coffee tables, sofas, bookshelves or cabinets, paper towels, record forms and so on is enough. If it is a complete psychological counseling room, the facilities and appliances required are naturally more, generally speaking, the following categories are needed:
Routine office class: this is the establishment of counseling room necessary office equipment. Specifically including tables, chairs, coffee tables, sofas, bookcases, data cabinets, books and newspapers racks and other furniture; telephones, computers, printers, air-conditioning, tape recorders, DVD players, televisions, video cameras, projectors and other electrical appliances; paper, pens and ink, folders and other stationery.
Psychological scales: Counseling room is necessary to prepare some commonly used psychological scales and test paper, the conditions of the school should buy some psychological testing system, can be tested directly on the computer and save the results. The psychological scales that need to be backed up mainly include: intelligence scales, such as the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R), Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test, Raven Reasoning Test, etc.; personality scales, such as the Y-G personality test, the Cattell 16 Personality Factor Test (16PF), the Minnesota Multiple Personality Inventory (MMPI) test, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), and the Temperament 60-question test, etc. Clinical tests, such as the Symptomatic Self-Rating Scale, are also available; Clinical tests, such as the Symptom Self-Control Scale (SCL-90), the Self-Control Depression Scale (SCDS), and the Self-Control Anxiety Scale (SCAS). In addition, learning adaptability test, occupational psychology test, etc. are also often used in counseling.
Documentation and video materials: psychological counseling room needs to do a good job in the collection of a variety of information and the establishment of files, in addition to large-scale psychological testing and archiving, but also should pay attention to the collection and organization of daily information, including interview appointment record forms, consultation record forms, counseling room diary, visitor files, counseling case analysis and finishing, counseling room of the various plans and summaries, and so on. At the same time, we should also prepare and collect relevant audio, video and video disc materials, such as group counseling videos, music relaxation tapes, music therapy tapes, some psychological films, comedies, sketches and comedies, and so on.
Books and magazines: The counseling room should buy some psychology books, subscribe to some of the students' favorite psychology and other types of newspapers and magazines, on the one hand, for counseling teachers to consult, on the other hand, for the guidance of the students to read.
Relaxation and therapeutic appliances: with a relaxation room or cathartic room need some appliances, such as music relaxation chairs, *** chairs, ha-ha mirrors, toys for games, sandbags and so on. Counselors with therapeutic ability can prepare some therapeutic appliances, such as biofeedback instrument, hypnosis bed.
In short, the establishment of the school counseling room should be combined with the actual situation of the school to improve the psychological quality of students for the purpose of facilitating the development of psychological counseling and psychological counseling work as a principle, and give full consideration to the impact of the various factors mentioned above. After the establishment of the counseling room, we should formulate and improve the rules and regulations to ensure that a fixed consultation time, to avoid becoming a "decoration", to avoid falling into the "visit that is to receive, no visit closed door" passive and arbitrary state. There are full-time psychological counseling teachers should be open every day, manpower shortage can be open 2-3 times a week. It is best to be open 24 hours a day; if you can't be open 24 hours a day, you can usually arrange the opening time in the afternoon or after school to make it easier for students to visit. The interview time between the counselor and each visiting student should be controlled, 30-40 minutes for primary school students, 40-50 minutes for secondary school students, and one hour for college students. In addition to individual interviews, but also combined with group counseling, telephone counseling, letter counseling and other forms of counseling, so that the counseling room really become an important place for students to obtain psychological support, eliminate psychological distress, improve psychological quality.