In 1884, German scientist Paul Niepcu invented the scanning disk.
In 1884, the German scientist Paul Niepcu invented the scanning disk, laying the foundation for the invention of modern television. 1907, the German Ruxin completed the first electronic video camera; in 1923, the British Bayer and the American Jenkins completed the first actual transmission of the picture by wire. The television we watch today is also the result of many improvements, coupled with ever-changing electronic technology.
In 1875 A.D., by the theory of Sunlacq scientists (M Senlacq) experiments, with a tube placed in a cathode sheet, the image will show, but it is still only, but has inspired the invention of television.
A.D. 1884, the theory of the actual TV goblet, the first German scientist Nipkow (Nipkow Paul G 1860 - 1940) invented TV scanning metal plate (Scanning Dise). Nipkow was 23 years old and still studying at the Berlin University of Technology when he realized that if you use a metal plate with countless tiny holes chiseled on the plate to allow light to pass through, then you can become countless points of light, and the points of light have a dark and light brightness will be different from the image. Brightness of light by the current and selenium to deal with, people can be transmitted by the current to see the image of another place, which is recognized as the earliest principle of television.
A.D. 1887, the German physicist Heinrich Hertz (Heinrich Hertz 1857 - 1894) found the existence of radio waves, his experiments confirmed that; electricity, like light, can be transmitted in the air in all directions, encountered such as mirrors can be reflected back as light. This can not see the electric wave in 1864 British Maxwell (James Maxwell 1831 - 1879) has published the existence of electric waves, but Hirsch pointed out that electric waves can also be propagated in a vacuum, the discovery of the oscillation of electric charge can produce electromagnetic waves, with our eyes can see the light wave and then the long electric waves, leading to his major discovery of the principle; experiments to determine that the electric wave can be the basis of radio communications basis, triggering the invention of radio and television. The unit of frequency in the International System of Units, Hertz, was named in his honor.
In the next year, a scientist Stoletow (G A Stoletow) invented the photoelectric cell (Photoelectric Cell), which is a metal cathode and a reticulated anode composed of the reason for the inner wall of the vacuum glass tube coated with salty metal as a cathode, the opposite is the anode, the electrons will be symmetrically directed by the light to the action of the counterpoise.
A.D. 1890, scientists Sutton (Sutton) with a television scanning metal plate (Scanning Dise) to imagine television planning, the actual use of light emission to transmit the picture image. Then the scientist Brillounin (Brillounin) use the image separation method, the two rotating crystal plate composition. This made the television image clearer.
In 1895, Gugliclmo Maconi (1874 - 1937), a young Italian scientist, invented radio communication in the United Kingdom, which could send telegrams up to 16 kilometers away. This invention, to give the development of television has been a major help, at that time there are scientists advocate the use of Nielsen TV scanning metal plate and a selenium tube made to send and receive images, which is the so-called TV receiver to produce the prototype.
A.D. 1900, held in Paris at the World's Fair, the French scientist Peng Kai (Perkyi) demonstrated the invention of the teletype image machine called television (Television), television, this name from this time on for the world to say a thousand years, the knot of good karma.
Television from 1884 AD, the German scientist Niebke put forward the theory of television to now only less than 120 years, television broadcasting to only 70 years, but the television has been all over the country into the various families, covering a large number of viewers, the number of television sets can be counted as no historical precedent. Television has the superiority of today's mass communication media; it is better than the daily news, magazines, publications, movies, radio, records, it appears in the TV screen can hear the original sound, you can instantly see the real scene, the real image, you can watch the film, drama, music, performances, immediate live broadcast, integration of mass literary and artistic writing in a comprehensive media, naturally, by the people are welcome to hobby never get tired of.
The previous development of television is based on three physical principles;
(1) radio waves, through the radio transmitter (broadcasting machine) using an oscillator to generate high-frequency alternating current (AC), the formation of radio waves through the towering antennae radiated out, the radio waves will shoot through the air with or without air, in a distant place with the receiver will be the radio waves make it return to the original sound and real image.
(2) any scene, there is light irradiation will have light and dark images, we will be countless tiny dots show that, through the electro-optical processing, signaling, converting, the projector image on the screen.
(3) When the image is projected, quite fast and continuous on the screen, because our eyes look at the vision of visual temporary (Persistance of vision) phenomenon, the viewer will see the picture is a continuous activity of the scene.
In 1902 AD, scientist O Von Bromk invented the theory of color image transmission, through the research and development of many scientists, the processing of television images and machines have been improved a lot, such as Max (Max Dieckmann) and Gustav Glage (Gustav Glage) invented the cathode ray tube (Cothode Ray Tube), which can be used to transmit images by radio waves. Cothode Ray Tube can be used to transmit documents and photographs by radio waves. Immediately following the invention of the United States Fryes (Lee De Forest) invented the triode vacuum tube (Triode), which has been a major step forward in television facsimile technology.
In 1907, Boris Rosing, a professor at the University of St. Petersburg in Russia, proposed the idea of an all-electronic television, which was the theory behind the invention of the first "electronic" picture tube machine.
In 1908, AAC Swinton, a Scottish-German engineer, published a paper on television images in the scientific journal Nature; he said that television could be based on the principle of photographic printing, with two cathodes for receiving and transmitting, and transmitting the image on the screen.
In 1920, the KDKA radio station of the Westinghouse Electric Company in Pittsburgh, the United States, was established on November 2, which became the beginning of the upsurge of the world's radio stations, and the airwaves transmitted radio information and programs all over the world.
The end of 1923, Mihaly scientists (D Von Mihaly) invented the Oscillator (Oscillator) used as a picture film scanning, can be instantly scanned ten times from the selenium tube. At the same time, the American scientist C F Jenkins transmitted a photograph of US President Harding from Washington, D.C. to the state of Mississippi via radio waves.
A.D. the end of 1924, the German scientists Nipkow (Nipkow Paul G ) and invented the transmitter-receiver synchronization machine (Synchronizing) because of its issuance and acceptance of the image of the point of the surface of the relevant position is consistent, more clear so that the image of an intact as in the beginning of the non-distortion, so that the German radio station to try the success of the long-wave transmission of television, the composition of the image is a horizontal line of 30 and later progress to 90. Because he invented the theory of television and the television scanner, German history therefore affirmed that Niebuhr was the honor of the "inventor of television", so when he died in 1940, the German government held a state funeral for him.
In 1925, the British scientist Baird John Logie (1888 - 1946) synthesized the television technologies of scientists from various countries and was the first to develop a black-and-white television set, which was the first "television broadcasting system" ever invented by mankind. He used a turntable with a small hole on it to convert the photographed image into an electronic signal on the receiver and then converted it to be projected on the screen, and was the first inventor to create the world's first television station, which was the first to make television transmitting and receiving equipment with the highest resolution of breaking down, converting, combining, transmitting, and receiving television images. During the same period, the United States, France, Germany, Soviet Russia, Austria and other countries scientists are also engaged in the creation of television experiments, but Baird's television system is the most advanced, comprehensive and more scientific and technological, overriding all other scientific inventors.
Baird was born on August 13, 1888, in Helensburgh, Scotland, England, where his father was a churchwarden, and he had a love of science as a boy, and he did not enter a seminary according to his father's wishes, but was enrolled in the Royal College of Technology because of his aptitude. From there, he preferred electronic engineering and selenium optoelectronics research as well as the development of television systems, and then in 1905, he moved to London, England, to set up a laboratory on Fraser Street to specialize in television research. Due to the lack of funds and sponsorship, he diligently collected old radio equipment, fluorescent tubes, scanners, magnetic waveforms, wires, etc. from the waste heap or discarded goods stalls for experiments, perseverance, regardless of the difficulties of life, and once because of the need to obtain 2 kilovolts, hundreds of small batteries connected to the accidental electrocution on the verge of death, and was first aid sent to the hospital, after the disclosure of the good news agency, we came to know that this "mad research guy". He was sent to the hospital in an emergency. October 2, 1925 A.D. Heaven is not disappointed, in the early morning Bey's start the machine, a doll's head image will be transmitted to the other side of the room's receiver projected on the screen. Although the transmission of black-and-white images, but has invented television, Bei's downstairs to find a young landlord William up instead of dolls to real people as an experiment, is indeed successful in receiving the screen with a lifelike William's natural smile.
A.D. January 26, 1926, Baird invited members of the Royal Academy of Sciences to watch him the whole character image with a wire transmission to the British Broadcasting Corporation (B B C) radio, and then by the radio to radio waves emitted in Bay's laboratory in the television can be viewed in clear black and white images. Such an experiment was a complete success, causing the world to shake; "the father of television" Baird, the world's major newspapers competing for praise, fame, reputation worldwide.
The invention of the television camera by Philo T Fransworth in the United States in 1927. These inventions enabled modern television to progress from its early stages to a more advanced and idealized vision.
In 1928 A.D., Baird transmitted a movie from London, England, to New York, U.S.A., by radio waves, and the world was amazed at his achievement. The television business was taken as the main target of development by the national broadcasters. Baird's has the British government and the British Broadcasting Corporation (B B C) funding, further research and development efforts, the end of 1929 A.D. television broadcast his new invention "sound television". In 1930 A.D., he made an astonishing statement and proposed the concept of "Color Television System"; for this ideal, he persevered and fought persistently, and finally, on the second day of his successful test in December 1941 A.D., when Nazi Germany was bombing London in the Second World War, his laboratory was reduced to ashes, and all his previous achievements were gone. However, he was not discouraged and started another research program under the harsh conditions of the war. On June 8, 1946, he demonstrated his invention of color television by broadcasting the "World War II Victory Parade" color television program from the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). Participants in the event were full of praise for the color television images, remembrance of Baird on the television to create a great deed, he has been seriously ill in bed and could not attend the meeting, the sixth day at the age of 56 died, his perseverance and spirit of scientists for the television research and development can be said to be "exhausting", will always be remembered in the hearts of the world.
In 1929 A.D., Zworykin (V k Zworykin 1889 - 1982), an American-Russian scientist, improved the all-electronic television concept proposed by his teacher, Rossin, a professor at the University of St. Petersburg, Russia, and made a new modern "photoelectronic vacuum tube" television camera. The number of horizontal lines that make up an image can reach more than 500. This person is honored by the United States of America as the "father of modern television", because he invented the electronic scanning image tube, it is the principle of television cameras and television reception of the imaging of the apparatus, is his invention and the improvement of the application of the equipment.
This great electronic engineer Zwolgin moved to the United States in 1919 to work for the United States Westinghouse Electric Corporation, 1923 applied to the electro-optical camera tube and television transmitter patent. The following year, and applied to the television receiver patents, this is with the previous world scientists studied the television system are "motor television" equipment, all the fine hole fast turntable and other equipment is very different, but the first first time to take a comprehensive "electronic television" transmitter and receiver system. 1929 was hired as the director of the Institute of Electronic Research of the Radio Corporation of the United States. In 1929, he was appointed as the director of the Electronics Research Institute of the Radio Corporation of America, and even helped the company to further develop the color television system. The modern TV tube was basically invented by him, he then invented the electronic microscope, research and invention of infrared night-vision goggles used in the darkness of the Second World War, and many other TV system devices, etc. In 1954, he was appointed as the vice chairman of the company and the director of the Rockefeller Medical College in New York for electronic medical treatment, and in 1967, the U.S. national authorities awarded him the National Medal of Science for his work in scientific instruments, electronic engineering, medical engineering, and especially in the development of the modern electronic TV system. In 1967, the U.S. national authorities awarded him the National Medal of Science in recognition of his contributions to scientific instruments, electronic engineering, medical engineering, and especially the invention of modern television.
Beginning in March 1933, Berlin, Germany, broadcast silent television movies on ultra-short waves. The following year, television announcers were hired to broadcast television programs. At this time, television sets were not widely available, and because of the small amount of production, they were rare and expensive, and sold at a high price only in government or high-class places.
In January of 1935, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) created the world's first true purely television broadcasting company. This was followed in March by Berlin, then in May by the German Broadcasting Corporation, and in France by television.
On November 2, 1936, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) was the world's first commercially operated television company. Every day, regular television programs were broadcast, scanning across several 240 lines, and there were less than 200 television sets in London, but it marked the beginning of the world's television business. On April 30, 1939, American television broadcast the World's Fair in New York, which was watched simultaneously by the whole world through radio waves, and also broadcast baseball, soccer, and boxing matches, as well as President Roosevelt's speech appealing for peace in the world, which won a lot of fame.
The Second World War was an extraordinary period in which war seriously hampered the development of television. Television in the war-torn countries were interrupted, and in the United States there were only six commercial television stations to support the situation, and the production of television equipment and experimental operations were all affected and halted.
After the war, the television industry recovered as quickly as anything else and grew by leaps and bounds. Britain, France, Soviet Russia, the former broadcasting countries continue to resume broadcasting, the United Kingdom broadcast 640 hours of programming per week in 1950 as the top, the United States 600 hours, Soviet Russia 530 hours, Central Europe 400 hours, France 220 hours, Australia 210 hours, Northern Europe 200 hours, Italy 180 hours, Canada 100 hours, China **** 70 hours. Today, there are many countries to provide all-weather television programs so that viewers can start reading at any time, with a television set will not be isolated from the world, people sitting at home, the surrounding situation from the eyes, the world affairs can be as clear as day.
The development of electronic technology in the new era has made it easy for people to send and receive messages, and electronic household appliances and electronic items for leisure activities have enriched people's lives and really helped them to enjoy themselves. The U.S. economy because of the Great War has become the world's largest producer of goods manufacturing countries, business and industry is thriving, unique, other countries can not be compared to the television business with the movie business did not suffer the effects of the war, to become a one-of-a-kind brilliant in the world. A.D. 1928 when the television in Europe is still in the experimental research stage, there is a cable TV station from Washington to New York can be seen. In 1930 A.D., wireless television programs in the United States were officially broadcast in New York by the then Radio Corporation of America (R C A). This was followed by the establishment of the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) television station in the United States. However, the broadcasting technology needed to be improved, which led to the establishment of the National Television System Committes (NTSC) by the government to promote the research and development of television and its management. The U.S. government set up the "Federal Communications Commission" (FCC) to review and issue licenses to a large number of television stations to set up, and on July 1, 1941, the U.S. television industry established a standard mechanism, which legally stipulates that the U.S. television system must be used in the U.S. 525 scanning lines, the picture is broadcast for the visual quality of the picture of the 30 images per second to ensure that the picture is broadcast.
In 1952 AD, the United States from the new planning, channel relaxation, to accommodate the suppression of television stations flocking to set up the situation, followed by the United States to adopt the development of policy, the national television station overnight more than 100 into five times, the television business funds, business jumped to the United States as one of the largest groups of enterprises, the momentum of the people to make people look at, but also a strong champion of the group, the United States Wing became the world's television kingdom reputation, to the present day, do not back down. In 1960 AD, the United States television stations up to 780, nearly 30 million television sets, and at the same time in the number of television sets in the United Kingdom is only 1.9 million, France 30,000, Canada 20,000, Japan 4,000, dwarfed, can not be compared with it.