A, safe period knowledge:
When is the safe period, how to determine?
1, seven days before the menstrual period and eight days after the period is basically safe.
2, the calculation of the safe period:
The day of female ovulation, the first day of female menstruation backward 14 days, the 14th day of the first four days, the last five days for the dangerous period. The other days are the safe period. For example, if a woman has a 28-day menstrual cycle and the first day of her current period is December 2, then her next period will be December 30 (December 2 plus 28 days), and if you subtract 14 days from December 30, then December 16 will be the day of ovulation. The day of ovulation and the 5 days before and 4 days after it, i.e. December 11-20, is the period of ovulation. In addition to menstruation and ovulation, the rest of the time are safe. The safe period is not completely "safe", it is recommended to have sex in the safe period should also try to use contraceptive pills or contraceptive tools.
3, the possibility of pregnancy during the safe period is very small, only 1 - 5% or so (that is, the chance of not getting pregnant is 95% - 99%), most of the use of contraceptives for the accidental pregnancy rate of 10% (that is, the chance of not getting pregnant is 90%).
Two, the knowledge of drug contraception:
1, emergency (fast-acting) contraceptives, such as Yutting and other contraceptive principle is to inhibit, delay ovulation, and adjust the state of the uterine lining to force women to change the time of the next menstrual period. Depending on the timing of taking Yuketin, the effect on menstruation is different:
a, if Yuketin is taken in the first half of the menstrual cycle, the woman's menstruation is more disturbed, easy to vaginal bleeding;
b, Yuketin is taken in the second half of the menstrual cycle, the woman's menstruation is less disturbed.
So, Yuktim can only be used as a measure to avoid pregnancy by accidentally not taking contraception. It has side effects and should not be used frequently:
1. High dosage is damaging to the liver, and if it is taken frequently then it is harmful to the body
2. A high percentage of irregular bleeding or menstrual changes occurs, and if overdosage and frequent use of this drug can cause menstrual disorders;
3. High dosage of progesterone increases the class of early pregnancy reactions (e.g., nausea and vomiting), and may be caused by vomiting (if within 2 hours);
4. Pregnancy is still possible if you have sex again after taking emergency contraception;
5. Emergency contraception is also ineffective after taking emergency contraception if there is already a fertilized egg formed from the previous sex and implantation has occurred.
Special note:
What are the side effects of emergency contraceptive pills
Opening statement: Emergency contraceptive pills are contraceptive methods used to prevent pregnancy during unprotected sex or for a period of time after contraceptive failure, and the pill is the most commonly used method of contraception, which is effective within 72 hours after intercourse.
What kind of situation is the use of emergency contraception
In the event of an accidental injury or unprotected sex for other reasons;
Contraceptive failures such as broken condoms, slippage, and incorrect calculation of the safe period.
There are two main types of emergency contraceptives currently in use:
One, levonorgestrel (Yuktin)
Two, mifepristone (post-dynamite) Emergency contraceptives bring about side effects:
1,, nausea: levonorgestrel, about 20%; mifepristone, about 6% to 7%. Nausea usually lasts no more than 24 hours.
2, Vomiting: levonorgestrel, about 5%; mifepristone, about 1%.
3, irregular uterine bleeding: some women will have some spot bleeding after the drug, usually no need to deal with, both the same.
4, menstrual changes: some women have early or delayed menstruation. If menstruation is delayed for a week, a urine pregnancy test should be done to clarify whether it is a failure of emergency contraception. Both are the same.
5, other: breast swelling and pain, headache, dizziness, fatigue, etc. These symptoms are usually mild and last no more than 24 hours. Both are the same.
Oral short-acting contraceptives
I. Types:
Oral contraceptive tablets No. 1, also known as compound norethindrone tablets.
Oral contraceptive pill #2, also known as compound medroxyprogesterone tablets.
Oral contraceptive tablet 0.
Compound 18 methyl short-acting tablets, also known as compound norethindrone.
Second, the method of taking:
The four short-acting oral contraceptives are the same method of use, from the day of menstruation counting from the fifth day of the start of the drug, every night at bedtime to take a piece of, and even served 22 days can not be interrupted. A month's worth of pills can prevent pregnancy for a month, and if you miss a pill, you should take a pill the next morning and a pill at night.
Third, precautions:
1, the drug should be properly stored in the shade dry place. The drug can not be consumed if it is spoiled, moldy, broken and lumpy, or in a period of time.
2, the last name of pregnancy, liver and kidney function abnormalities, breast cancer and other conditions; deep vein thrombosis; cerebrovascular accidents, cardiovascular disease, granulomatous urolithiasis, hyperlipidemia, more than 35 years of age, as well as under 35 years of age, heavy smoker female prohibited.
3, to be pregnant women of advanced age, must stop the drug half a year before pregnancy.
4, nausea, discomfort, dizziness, drowsiness and other types of early pregnancy melon, light do not need to deal with, as long as you insist on taking two or three months melon will disappear naturally.
5, a small number of people take the drug during the vaginal irregular small amount of bleeding, if it occurs in the first half of menstruation, every night, plus Huan estradiol 1-3 tablets, and contraceptive pills at the same time to 22 days to stop taking the drug. If the bleeding occurs in the second half of menstruation, take 1-3 tablets every night together with the pill and stop on the 22nd day. Individuals who experience amenorrhea for two consecutive months may switch to other methods of contraception.
Rapid-acting oral contraceptives
Applicable to couples living apart for short-term family visits, also known as the "family visit pill". It is not limited by the menstrual cycle or the time of the visit, but can be taken at any time as needed.
Types and Usage:
1, family visit contraceptive tablets No. 1, also known as megestrol tablets.
Usage: 1 tablet 4-8 hours before intercourse, 1 additional tablet at night, and then a tablet every night for 14 days, after 14 days should be changed to short-acting contraceptive tablets.
2, Methyl Huanuo fast-acting contraceptive tablets. It is also known as 18-methyl fast-acting contraceptive pill.
Use: Start taking the pill the day before intercourse, one tablet every night for 15 days. If the family visit lasts more than 15 days, switch to the short-acting pill from the 16th day. If the family visit time is less than ten days, take the pill for ten days.
3, No. 53 anti-pregnancy
Use: visit the first time the woman immediately after the intercourse of a piece of oral, in the morning of the next day to take a piece, and then each time after the intercourse of a piece of the total amount of monthly dose shall not be less than 12 tablets, the end of the end of the visit to take the end of the 12 tablets, continue to take a piece of the daily dose, insist on a piece of the daily dose, and insist on the end of the dose. The family visit to extend, after the first time after intercourse still need to take a piece.
The contraindications, side effects and other treatments of the four family visit medicines are more or less the same.
Second, contraindications
Suffering from acute and chronic hepatic and renal diseases, hypertension, diabetes, tumors, serious history of venous thrombosis, breastfeeding women, less than half a year after the abortion and abdominal acting is prohibited.
Three, side effects and treatment
A few people may be reproduced after taking the drug nausea, dizziness, drowsiness, weakness, drowsiness and other types of early pregnancy melon, melon less need to deal with, the emergence of irregular bleeding can be added to take ethinyl estradiol tablets 1-2 tablets, take 3-5 days. Appearance of amenorrhea can be injected liquid or take short-acting oral contraceptive tablets No. 2, 2 tablets per day, for 3 days.
Long-acting oral contraceptives
One oral pill or one injection that can prevent pregnancy for one month is called a long-acting contraceptive.
I. Types and Usage:
1. Compound 18 A long-acting oral contraceptive tablets, also known as norethindrone ethinyl estradiol tablets.
Use: For the first dose, take one tablet each from the fifth and twenty-fifth day of menstruation, and then take one tablet every month on the same date as the second dose.
Precautions:
1) It is usually better to take the medicine at noon, because the reaction appears about ten hours after taking the medicine.
2) For the initial three months of taking the drug, you can dispense anti-parasympathetic tablets, one tablet 1-2 times a day for 1-3 days.
3) The rest is the same as for short-acting oral drugs.
2, contraceptive injection 1, also known as compound hydroxyprogesterone hydrochloride injection.
Use: 2 milliliters intramuscularly on the fifth day from the day of the first menstrual period. It can also be injected 1 ml each on the fifth and fifteenth day of menstruation. From the second month onwards, 1ml is injected every month on the tenth to twelfth day from the day of the menstrual period.
Precautions:
1) To take the injection on time, it is necessary, to draw out the medicine from the bottle and do deep intramuscular injections.
2) If menstrual change occurs, it can be treated promptly as follows:
Prolongation of menstruation. Oral contraceptive pills No. 1 or No. 2, 1-2 tablets per day for four days can be taken to stop bleeding.
Menstrual withholding bleeding. Add 0.0125-0.025 mg ethinyl estradiol tablets daily and take until the next injection date. If the bleeding is close to the next injection date, it can be left untreated and usually stops after injection.
Shortened menstrual cycle. Take 1-2 oral contraceptive pills daily for 4-5 days before each expected period, and side by side for 4-5 days to lengthen the menstrual period.
Prolonged bleeding after injection, oral contraceptive pill 1 or 2, 1-2 tablets daily for four days. Bleeding net deduction of one injection a week, the eleventh day after the injection and then add the contraceptive pill 1 or 2, 1-2 tablets per day, for four days to prevent bleeding.
After the contraceptive injection, it is usually injected again about fourteen days. If amenorrhea occurs for two consecutive months, the injection should be stopped. Wait for menstruation and then restart the injection after the first cycle of counting.
Second, contraindications:
The contraindications for long-acting oral contraceptives are the same as those for short-acting oral contraceptives, and long-acting contraceptive injections are contraindicated in patients with liver or kidney insufficiency and breast lumps. Patients with uterine fibroids, hypertension, granulocyturia and other organic diseases should be cautious of using long-acting contraceptive injections.
External contraceptives
A, nonoxynolone external film
Use:
1, each time you have sex, wash your hands, take a film. Folded twice to the original quarter size, can also be kneaded into a loose ball, the film into the vagina deep cervical opening, to be four or five bells and then coitus.
2, precautions:
1) the film is water-soluble, storage must be prevented from contact with water can become hard, the film can become hard when encountered with low temperatures, should be affixed to the skin warm before use.
2) A few people occasionally occur local tingling or scratching sense of side effects, stop the drug with water can disappear.
3) It should not be used if there is damage to the vagina and cervix.
Condom
1, usage:
Before use, choose the right model (large 54 mm, medium 52 mm, small 50 mm), exhaust the air in the small capsule at the front end, and then set on the head of the erect penis, and then the rolled-up portion of the side of the set of the side of the push, up to the root of the penis. After ejaculation, you should pinch the mouth of the condom before the penis has softened and withdraw the penis and condom together to avoid semen spillage.
2. Precautions:
1) If the condom falls off, ruptures or leaks while using it, you should stop intercourse immediately, and you can also take an anti-pregnancy pill No. 53 for three days.
2) Rubber allergy is contraindicated.
3) A new condom must be used for each intercourse.
Subcutaneous buried value agent
Use: choose the female upper arm inner side, under local anesthesia to make a 0.2 skin small incision, from the small incision will be buried value agent into the subcutaneous, fan-shaped arrangement.
The release of the drug starts at 50ug/g and decreases to 30ug/g after 1 year, which can maintain the effect for 5 years.
Contraindications: patients with acute and chronic liver, kidney disease, tumors, hyperthyroidism, severe hypertension, thrombophilia with unexplained vaginal bleeding, epilepsy, suspected pregnancy, dysmenorrhea, frequent history of amenorrhea, postpartum or abortion has not yet resumed normal menstruation, breastfeeding, or women over 45 years of age is prohibited.
Precautions:
1) Keep the surgical site dry for 3 days.
2) Conduct regular follow-ups to observe the efficacy and adverse reactions.
Side effects treatment:
1, menstrual disorders, oral ethinyl estradiol tablets, each time 0.05-0.1mg, three times a day, or oral short-acting contraceptive tablets No. 1 or No. 2, one tablet a day for 22 days.
2, amenorrhea, if there are no other symptoms may not have to deal with.
3. A few women may experience headache and weight gain, which need not be treated if they are not serious, and symptomatic treatment if symptoms are more severe.
One of the most unsafe ways
1, extracorporeal ejaculation: success rate <30%
Any man can control the eruption and flow of sperm? Almost none. Semen is usually before the ejaculation has flowed out of the urethra a little, each drop contains about 50,000 spermatozoa. And that's enough to fertilize a woman's egg. In the sprint to the most intense stage, the timing of withdrawal may be missed too late because the man is attached to the pleasure, and you may not be able to feel the ejaculate.
2, safe period of contraception: success rate & lt; 30%
Many women seem to trust the safe period of this purely "natural" contraceptive methods, but before you must first understand your ovaries, that is, a full understanding of your ovulation cycle, to understand the safe period of the calculation, and to ensure that you have a great deal of patience and in the safe period, you will have to pay attention to the needs of the people. The first thing you need to do is to have a lot of patience and make sure that you don't have sex on days other than the safe period, otherwise the "safe period" is just empty talk to you. Besides, nowadays, a lot of factors can interfere with our body, such as emotional tension, environmental changes, stress and so on, and the failure rate of contraception by the safe period is especially high.
Recent studies in the West have found that sperm can survive up to eight days in the vagina. The survival time of the egg varies from 3 to 10 days depending on the individual. That is to say, in fact, 8 days before ovulation to 10 days after ovulation also have the possibility of pregnancy, only the probability is lower. Therefore, it is very unreliable to contracept by extrapolating the safe period.
The use of the safe period of contraception should not be based on the day of the last menstrual period, and it is recommended that you keep a record of your menstrual cycle for six months in order to understand the regularity of your own menstruation. The first thing you need to do is to take a look at the actual day of the week before and after your period, and you'll be able to see what you're getting yourself into. You should not use the safe period counting method for contraception for a short period of time after using the emergency contraceptive pill. Calculation of the safe period is not applicable to women whose menstrual cycle is less than 21 days and more than 35 days, and those who are postpartum or breastfeeding.
2, the most unhealthy way
1, abstinence: 100% success rate
Success rate is high, but the loss of all the fun, and not necessarily good for health.
2, menstrual contraception: success rate <30%
Maybe most people don't get pregnant during their periods, but what if you're in that tiny minority? And don't forget that sperm can survive in the vagina for up to eight days.
Another reason experts disapprove of period sex is that it increases the incidence of endometriosis. Also, the incidence of ectopic pregnancy has been linked to it. In addition, period sex may also make women bleed more, which raises the likelihood of anemia.
3, breastfeeding: success rate <90%
After giving birth, the baby's sucking on the nipple can reflexively inhibit the mother's hypothalamus, thus inhibiting ovarian ovulation. But this method is also unreliable, because if the baby sucks on the nipple to reduce, the amount of milk secretion is reduced, the concentration of milk is reduced, or stop breastfeeding, or the mother is affected by the environment, climate, emotional changes and sexual life, the inhibition of breast milk hormone on the gonadotropin is weakened, the ovary from the breastfeeding during the rest of the state began to resume function, discharged mature eggs, and from then on gradually resumed the menstrual cycle. According to the survey, 5-10% of pregnant women are somehow conceived while breastfeeding.
Three, the most fashionable way
1, contraceptive patch: contraceptive rate of 92% -99.7%
This is a kind of skin absorption, the use of pharmaceutical agents to play the role of contraceptive preparations of the controlled slow release system. Its biggest advantage is that it is more convenient to use, and the concentration of drugs in the body is controlled at a relatively low and stable level, thus eliminating many women's concerns about the high concentration of drugs produced by side effects, such as obesity, gastrointestinal reactions, etc., and can achieve the purpose of long-acting contraception.
2. Menstrual regulators and quarterly menstruation: contraceptive rate of 99.7%
Menstrual regulators break the tradition that pregnancy is an absolute contraindication to birth control pills. When a woman is a few days after her menstrual period, a single dose of this drug can induce the onset of menstruation, and even if she is pregnant, it can cause a very early embryo to abort naturally. The main components of Seasonal Menstruation are small doses of estrogen and progesterone. It is sufficient to take the active pink pill for 84 consecutive days and then take a placebo continuously for the purpose of menstruation. This allows women to change their periods to four times a year in addition to birth control. This is certainly a boon to women who suffer from menstrual cramps and anemia due to excessive menstrual blood.
1. Condoms are the best choice for male contraception.
The success rate is more than 95%, and it can also avoid the spread of diseases, which will not bring adverse effects on men's health. Failure can be caused by quality problems and improper use.
2. Intrauterine device (IUD): the success rate is 94%-99%.
Currently, 156 million women around the world use IUDs for contraception, and 70% of women of childbearing age in Shanghai use IUDs. This is because the IUD is a long-acting contraceptive method and is easy to operate, and the contraceptive effect can be up to about 5 to 10 years after wearing it, and you will not feel the presence of a foreign body in your body. In addition, the IUD does not disrupt or participate in the body's hormone production.
However, in case you have genital deformities or tumors, severe menstrual cramps or excessive menstruation, pelvic inflammatory disease, gonorrhea and severe anemia, heart disease, or a history of ectopic pregnancies, then it is not advisable to wear an IUD. There is also a possibility of pregnancy when the IUD is first placed. Therefore, other forms of contraception should be used at the same time within one to two months of wearing the IUD to ensure 100% safety.
Fifth, the least accepted method
1, subcutaneous implantation: contraceptive success rate of 99.9%
In the upper arm subcutaneous cut a half-centimeter mouth, fan-shaped insertion of 2 or 6 small stick-like contraceptive. A single implant can last for more than 5 years. However, a significant percentage of women will experience irregular periods. It is best not to use it if you plan to have children within a few years.
2. Topical spermicide: 70%-80% success rate
There are many kinds of spermicides: foams, emulsions, gels, dissolutions and suspensions. Before sex, the film is balled up and placed in the vagina, where it dissolves and works. They are usually used in conjunction with other forms of contraception such as condoms or oral contraceptives.
Sixth, oral contraceptive pill A good choice
The advantages of women's oral contraceptives
◆Except for breastfeeding women, healthy women can use oral contraceptives to prevent pregnancy.
◆The most important advantages of oral contraceptives for women are that they are highly effective, reliable and safe, and the contraceptive rate is more than 99% if they are taken regularly.
◆Reversible, simple and easy - after stopping the pill, pregnancy can be resumed, which is more suitable for couples who still want to have a child, and generally should be conceived six months after stopping the pill.
◆Valuable therapeutic effect - If you have menstrual disorders, excessive menstrual flow, dysmenorrhea and other discomforts, it is more appropriate to use short-acting contraceptive pills No. 1 and No. 2, because it can reduce menstrual flow and relieve dysmenorrhea. In addition, oral contraceptives can effectively treat endometriosis pain and prevent cancer of the ovaries and endometrium.
◆ Compounded oral contraceptives can also be taken for emergency contraception when other methods of contraception are found to have failed.
Know what you need to know and choose the pill that's right for you
The main components of oral contraceptives for women are progesterone and estrogen, which are used to achieve contraceptive effects by inhibiting ovulation or preventing fertilized eggs from implanting in the uterus. They are divided into three types: long-acting, short-acting, and fast-acting, depending on the duration of the effect and the method of administration.
◆Short-acting oral contraceptives
There are three kinds of short-acting oral contraceptives: Oral contraceptive pill No. 1 (norethindrone), oral contraceptive tablet No. 2 (cotrimoxazole tablets), oral contraceptive pill No. 0, the first two are more commonly used, the three kinds of medicines: from the fifth day of the menstrual cycle (i.e., from the day of the menstruation of the 5th day of the day of the counting of the first day of the menstruation) to start, take 1 tablet every night, for 22 days, general Stop the medicine 1-4 days menstruation will come, and then repeat the above method, start a new round of medication, week after week, can not be interrupted.
Note: If menstruation still does not occur within 7 days of stopping the medication, the next cycle of medication should be taken from that day onwards; if menstruation stops for more than 2 months in a row, the medication should be stopped and the cause of the stoppage should be examined;
If you miss a dose of medication, you have to take a replacement tablet early in the morning on the second day to avoid contraceptive failure or breakthrough bleeding;
The medication should be put in a dry place to avoid the sugar coating of the tablets to be damp and dissolved or fall off, which would result in insufficient medication and affect the contraceptive requirement. The drug should be kept in a dry place so that the sugar coating of the pill does not dissolve or fall off, causing the amount of drug to be insufficient to affect the contraceptive requirement.
◆ Long-acting oral contraceptives
Compound 18-methylnorethindrone monthly tablets, compound 16-hypomethylchlormadinone monthly tablets, long-acting No. 1 contraceptive pill. Long-acting birth control pills are usually effective if you take only one tablet each month. The usage of Compound 18 I-A long-acting contraceptive pill is: take 1 tablet after lunch on the 5th day of the menstrual cycle, and 1 tablet every 28 days thereafter; Compound 16 I-A is to take 1 tablet after lunch on the 5th day of the menstrual cycle, and 1 tablet every 20 days for the first two times, and then 1 tablet every 30 days thereafter, and menstruation usually occurs 6-12 days after the pill is taken; Long-acting No.1 is to take 1 tablet on the 5th day of the menstrual cycle, and then 1 tablet 20 days later, and then 1 tablet every 30 days thereafter. The long acting 1 tablet is taken on the 5th day of the menstrual cycle, and another tablet is taken 20 days later.
◆Quick-acting oral contraceptives
Quick-acting oral contraceptives are mainly used for couples living apart for temporary short-term visits to relatives, so they are also called family visit contraceptives, there are kynurenine to visit relatives, there are kynurenine to visit relatives, family visit contraceptives No. 1, No. 53 to visit relatives to avoid the tablets, 18 a methyl ethynyl ketone to visit relatives and chloroethers contraceptives and so on, the time of the service of the family visits to contraceptives is not subject to the limit of menstrual period, but the method of taking each drug is different: the drug to be taken by a different way. Take 1 tablet daily at the start of the family visit for at least 10 days. If the family visit is not over after 14 days of service, you can then take short-acting contraceptive tablets No. 1 or No. 2.
Advice:
◆Some women who take oral contraceptives experience some side effects, such as early pregnancy reaction, bleeding, amenorrhea, or decreased menstrual flow, increased leukorrhea, stomach pain, headache, and rash, etc. Some of these symptoms will disappear naturally after taking the pill for 2 to 3 months or will recover on their own after stopping the pill. It is better to go to the hospital when there is any discomfort, listen to the doctor's opinion and treat the symptoms.
◆ Failure to take the pill as required, missing a pill or taking the pill at the wrong time can lead to contraceptive failure.
◆If you take some other drugs at the same time as the pill, it can also lead to contraceptive failure: anti-spasmodic drugs, such as Librium, anti-tuberculosis drugs, such as Rifampicin, antibiotics and so on, so you should explain the situation to the doctor, and take the pill under the doctor's guidance.
◆Oral contraceptives are forbidden for patients suffering from acute and chronic hepatitis, nephritis, malignant tumors, breast lumps and diabetes.
◆Oral contraceptives are not used or should be used with caution for those who suffer from blood diseases and high blood pressure.
◆ Oral contraceptives should be used with caution in people with low menstrual flow or history of thromboembolism.
◆Nursing women should not apply, after abortion, it is better to take contraceptive pills after menstruation.
◆ Women who have smoking habit should be cautious to use contraceptive pills or other contraceptive methods.
Four indicators of normal menstruation
After puberty, menstruation began to visit regularly like an old friend, but whether or not it was normal, many girls did not know. The following four indicators can be used to measure this:
Cycle Every woman's menstrual cycle is different, ranging from 21 to 35 days, and some menstruate once every 40 days. But as long as there is regularity, they are all normal. When a young girl has her first menstruation, the ovaries are not yet functioning properly, so her menstrual cycle may be disturbed and irregular at first, which is not a pathological phenomenon.
Menstrual period The menstrual period of a woman is about 3 to 7 days, and the most bleeding is concentrated in the first 3 days, and then gradually decreases until the menstrual blood is clean. Some people's menstrual blood is clean, after a day or two, and then a little bit, commonly known as "menstrual blood back", this is also a normal phenomenon. However, some people menstruation period up to 10 ~ 20 days, menstruation dribbling; some menstruation period is very short, just "a wobble" that is over. These two phenomena are not normal.
The amount of menstrual blood that a woman produces each time she has a period varies from person to person, and is usually between 20 and 85 milliliters. If the amount of menstrual blood is too much, a change of sanitary napkin soon again wet, or even menstrual blood down the leg down, this is not normal. Too much menstrual blood over a long period of time can cause anemia, and you should find out why and seek medical attention.
The color of menstrual blood Normal menstrual blood is dark red, thick and free of clots. If the menstrual blood is as thin as water, appears pink, black or purple, or if the menstrual blood is completely clotted, it is abnormal and should be consulted as soon as possible.
***Do not take abortion as a child's play, safe abortion five steps
Entering in September, the number of people who went to various large and small gynecological clinics to have an abortion rose instead of fell. Some of the young girls waiting for the procedure were asked about it and found that they did not know much about abortion, but they were scared.
An abortion is a relatively minor operation, but it can be quite painful. The most important thing to remember is that if you go to a medical institution that doesn't have the technology and equipment to perform an abortion, you are undoubtedly gambling with your life, and if you don't, you'll get an infection, and if you don't, you'll be infertile for life, and you'll be in danger of losing your life. How to keep women away from the pain of abortion? The following are some of the important steps that can minimize the damage caused by abortion.
Step 1: Don't joke with your life, choose a regular hospital
Taking advantage of the two-month summer vacation, Xiaomei and her male classmates had a long vacation. Xiaomei and her male classmates met to travel together and stole the forbidden fruit. The summer vacation was almost over, but Xiaomei found out that she was pregnant. She was very afraid of being found out, so she went through some advertisements and changed N buses to a hospital in a very remote location. Walking down the narrow aisle, Xiaomei saw a shocking scene: there were two tables and an examination bed in the room, and there was a mess of used toilet paper piled up in the garbage can under the diagnostic bed. On the table were some rusty surgical instruments.
It is known that in some of these backward clinics, only the limbs of the fetus in the womb are even removed, leaving the fist-sized head of the fetus stuck in the uterine cavity, and some uteruses are penetrated during the operation, leading to pelvic adhesions because of post-operative infections. Therefore, women are invited to cherish themselves and never give up cherishing their lives for fear of losing face.
Step 2: Choose the right abortion method
To terminate pregnancy by artificial means is called abortion. It is generally categorized into two types: medication abortion and suction surgery.
The prominent advantage of drug abortion is to avoid the damage of surgery to the lining of the uterus, especially for the first time pregnant. The shorter the gestation period, the better the result. Generally speaking, young women who have not given birth tend to choose medication abortion. However, medical abortion also has its shortcomings:
1. There is a failure rate of about 10 percent, and those who fail will need to undergo surgical removal of the uterus. (The longer the gestation period, the higher the failure rate; those who have had an abortion, the failure rate increases.)
2. The drug may cause side effects are: ① gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea. ② Headache, fever, paralysis of the palms and so on. ③ Lower abdominal pain and anal cramping sensation. ④ Effects on cardiovascular. ⑤ Allergic reactions.
3. The bleeding of medication abortion is three to four times more than that of artificial abortion under normal circumstances.
4. Uterine bleeding in complete abortion lasts about half a month (18 days on average), and severe bleeding can occur in about 4% of people.
The requirement of suction surgery for the duration of pregnancy is relatively wider than that of medication abortion, and it is suitable for abortions at 6 to 12 weeks of pregnancy.
Suction surgery bleeding is less than drug abortion, the uterine bleeding time is shorter than drug abortion, usually within 10 days after surgery bleeding clean. However, it also has disadvantages: there is the possibility of complications of abortion surgery, including the possibility of incomplete suction, leakage of suction, uterine perforation, cervical laceration, postoperative infection, intraoperative and postoperative bleeding, abortion syndrome, cervical and uterine adhesions, menstrual disorders, and so on.
According to the different methods of intraoperative anesthesia, suction surgery can be subdivided into ordinary suction surgery and painless suction surgery. The procedure is the same, but the painless suction surgery uses intravenous anesthetics during the operation, while the ordinary suction surgery only uses local anesthesia. The effect of anesthesia is different: local anesthesia can only reduce the pain, while the use of intravenous anesthetics can achieve a completely painless effect.
From a surgical point of view, both are suitable and prohibited for the same people, but it is necessary to know the specific blood profile and decide when to use which procedure on the advice of the doctor.
Step 3: Choose the right time for the procedure
The time for abortion is within 6 to 8 weeks of pregnancy. If the pregnancy is too short, because the embryo is too small, it is easy to have an incomplete abortion;
If the pregnancy is too long and the fetus is too large, the operation time will be prolonged, the bleeding will increase, and the trauma to the patient will also increase significantly.
Step 4: Be well prepared before the operation
Xiaoqing is pregnant and ready to go to the abortion surgery, she heard that one month after the operation can not have intercourse, so the night before the operation, Xiaoqing and her boyfriend had sex again. The doctor rejected her request for surgery after learning about the above and recommended that she have an abortion three days later.
The doctor said, "I don't know if I can do this, but I think it's a good idea for me to be able to do it," he said. If you use painless suction surgery for abortion, you should fast for 8 hours before surgery.
Step 5: Post-operative conditioning should be appropriate
After the operation, Xiao Yun was afraid of being found out, and the heavy task of study, unable to take a two-week vacation, she felt that anyway, do not do strenuous exercise, in the seat of the sitting position should not be much of a problem. The result is that more than ten days after the operation, the vagina has been bleeding more than, to the hospital, the doctor told her is due to the postoperative rest is not enough, resulting in poor contraction of the uterus, resistance to decline and cause uterine inflammation caused by.
The first two weeks after the abortion are two weeks of rest, not suitable for strenuous physical activity and heavy mental labor, one month after the operation can not take a bath, swimming, avoid eating ginseng, antler, etc. The first two weeks after the abortion are two weeks of rest. As the body's resistance drops after surgery, attention should be paid to local hygiene to prevent infection. Six months after the operation should pay attention to contraception, in order to make the uterus get a better recovery.