Since the reform and opening up, China's environment has gradually deteriorated, especially in recent years, with the improvement of people's living standards, it has caused further damage to the environment. According to statistics, in the past five years, China's environmental losses reached 654.38+0875 billion yuan, mainly composed of three parts:
I. Air pollution
Air pollution poses a serious threat to China's economic construction. Total suspended particulate matter (TSP) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) are particularly harmful to people's health in China. In 2004, the losses caused by TSP and SO2 pollution to human health were estimated to reach 1.7 1 100 million yuan.
Acid rain is also a "big killer". Acid rain is not only harmful to crops and forests, but also corrosive to building materials, thus causing harm to buildings. It is estimated that the economic loss caused by acid rain in China in 2004 was as high as 654.38+300 million yuan.
Second, water pollution.
Among these three parts, water pollution causes the biggest economic loss. The calculation does not consider the losses caused by water pollution caused by geophysical reasons, but only calculates the economic losses caused by water pollution caused by wastes generated and discharged by human production activities entering natural water bodies, reaching 654.38+042.89 billion yuan, accounting for 76.2% of the total economic losses caused by environmental pollution.
Among them, industrial pollution and water shortage are the most serious losses. In 2004, the national industrial pollution and water shortage caused direct industrial economic losses of 75 billion yuan, accounting for more than half of the losses caused by water pollution.
III. Solid Waste and Other Pollution
In China, with the development of economy, more and more garbage is produced every day, but the garbage recycling industry is declining. Especially some big cities, such as Shanghai, have been surrounded by garbage. According to statistics, over the years, China's garbage stock has reached more than 6 billion tons, and nearly 20 cities have developed into no suitable places to pile up garbage, leading to the deterioration of the ecological environment. Mixed garbage collection not only increases the recycling price of plastic, paper, metal and other waste products in China, but also reduces the resource value of organic matter that can be used for composting. At the same time, a large number of harmful substances such as batteries and waste oil enter the garbage, which increases the difficulty of harmless treatment of garbage. Moreover, garbage incineration will produce some toxic substances, such as dioxin and other highly toxic gases. Waste batteries in mixed garbage contain heavy metal ions, which will pollute water and soil, and ultimately endanger human survival.
At present, the environmental protection situation in China is still quite grim. Therefore, we should continue to protect the environment, especially energy conservation and emission reduction. At present, the situation facing the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction is also very severe. Since last year, the whole country has been strengthening energy conservation and emission reduction. The State Council issued a decision to strengthen energy conservation and formulated a series of policies and measures to promote energy conservation and emission reduction. Various regions and departments have made work arrangements one after another, and positive progress has been made in energy conservation and emission reduction. However, last year, the country failed to achieve the energy conservation and emission reduction targets set at the beginning of the year, which increased the difficulty of energy conservation and emission reduction in the next four years after the Eleventh Five-Year Plan. More seriously, in the first quarter of this year, industries, especially those with high energy consumption and high pollution, grew too fast. Six major industries, such as electric power, steel, nonferrous metals, building materials, petroleum processing and chemical industry, which accounted for nearly 70% of the national industrial energy consumption and sulfur dioxide emissions, increased by 20.6%, 6.6 percentage points faster than the same period last year. At the same time, there are still some problems in all aspects of work, such as inadequate understanding, unclear responsibilities, inadequate measures, imperfect policies, inadequate investment and poor coordination. If this situation is not reversed in time, not only will it be difficult to make significant progress in energy conservation and emission reduction this year, but also the overall goal of energy conservation and emission reduction in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan will be difficult to achieve.
China's economy has grown rapidly, and great achievements have been made in various constructions, but at the same time, it has also paid a huge price in resources and environment. The contradiction between economic development and resources and environment is increasingly acute, and the masses have a strong reaction to environmental pollution. This situation is directly related to the unreasonable economic structure and extensive growth mode. If we don't speed up the adjustment of economic structure and change the growth mode, resources can't support it, the environment can't accommodate it, the society can't afford it, and economic development can't be sustainable. Only by adhering to economical development, clean development and safe development can we achieve sound and rapid economic development. At the same time, greenhouse gas emissions lead to global warming, which has aroused widespread concern in the international community. Further strengthening energy conservation and emission reduction is also an urgent need to cope with global climate change, and it is our responsibility.
Many people have the awareness of energy conservation and emission reduction, but feel that they have not contributed to energy conservation and emission reduction. They feel a little depressed because they haven't invented an energy-saving device or developed a reagent to decompose plastics quickly.
In fact, this idea is not correct. We should think like this: I can't stop people from cutting down a few forest resources indiscriminately, but I can save every piece of paper, restrain my desire to change furniture and take care of flowers and trees; I can't stop the sewage from factories and cities from polluting rivers, lakes and seas, but I can use phosphorus-free washing powder to save water as much as possible; I can't stop others from driving to work, but I can be a "bus stop" and a "bike hero". I can go to work by bus and by bike every day. I can't stop the overwhelming white garbage from polluting the environment, but I can buy food and carry food baskets, using as little or no plastic bags as possible. I can collect the used batteries and send them to the collection point, sort the garbage at home, and never throw away what can be recycled or anywhere.
I can't stop too many things from damaging the environment, but I can also do many things to protect the environment. I can start from small things, from daily life, from what I can do. I think if everyone does this, our living environment will be less polluted. For ourselves, for our future generations and for the home we have, energy conservation and emission reduction should become the conscious action of each of us.
Come on, let's go! As long as the little things in life save energy and reduce emissions, a beautiful environment is around you.