Metals are divided into ferrous and nonferrous metals.
Ferrous metals, which include iron, chromium, manganese, etc.; and non-ferrous metals, all other metals except ferrous metals. Non-ferrous metals can also be categorized into light and heavy metals based on density differences, as well as precious or rare metals.
Ferrous and nonferrous metals are the two main classifications of metallic materials, and they differ significantly in several ways.
By definition, ferrous metals usually refer to iron, manganese, chromium, and their alloys, which are black or nearly black in color. Non-ferrous metals, on the other hand, refer to all metals other than ferrous metals, which have a variety of other colors, such as copper, aluminum, zinc, and tin.
In terms of uses, ferrous metals are primarily used in construction, in the manufacture of tools and machines, and in the manufacture of weapons and military equipment. In contrast, non-ferrous metals are used in a much wider range of applications, including electronic equipment, communications infrastructure, automobiles, aerospace, medical devices, and many other areas.
Ferrous metals are typically harder and stronger than nonferrous metals in terms of physical properties. For example, steel is a commonly used ferrous metal with high strength and corrosion resistance for a wide range of applications. In contrast, non-ferrous metals such as copper and aluminum are softer, but have good electrical and thermal conductivity.
The differences between ferrous and nonferrous metals are mainly in three areas: definitions, uses and physical properties. Understanding these differences helps in better selection and application of different types of metallic materials.
Uses of ferrous and nonferrous metals:
1. Ferrous metals dominate the construction field. Architects and engineers utilize the strength and durability of ferrous metals, such as steel and iron, to design and manufacture various structures, such as bridges, buildings, and roads. These structures remain stable over long periods of time and are able to withstand the natural environment and man-made factors.
2. Ferrous metals also play an important role in the manufacture of tools and machines. For example, steel is a commonly used manufacturing material for making various tools such as knives, drills and saws. At the same time, ferrous metals are also used in the manufacture of machines and equipment, such as automobiles, trains, airplanes and other means of transportation, as well as machine tools, pumps and compressors and other industrial equipment.
3. Non-ferrous metals are used in an equally wide range of applications. For example, copper is used to make wires and cables because it has good electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance. In addition, copper is used to make a variety of pipes, faucets, and other fittings for use in construction and interior decoration. Aluminum is also a commonly used non-ferrous metal, which is lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and easy to work with, and is therefore widely used in aerospace, automotive, packaging, and other fields.