Fluorite is rich in color, smooth and flawless crystals, called "the world's most colorful gemstone". Fluorite and its downstream products in the metallurgy, chemical industry, building materials, optics and other traditional fields are widely used. It is often used as a co-solvent in steelmaking to remove impurities, and is also used in the production of glass and enamel. In recent years, with the emergence of new energy, new materials and other strategic emerging industries, these areas of fluorine-containing materials are expected to become a new pillar of the fluorine chemical industry.
Various fluorine products
Fluorite, as the only mineral that can extract a large amount of fluorine, is the main source of fluorine in the modern chemical industry.
Industry commonly used concentrated sulfuric acid and acid-grade fluorite powder reaction to produce hydrofluoric acid to extract the element fluorine, and thus the formation of a large number of categories, the scale of the fluorine chemical industry.
Fluorochemicals mainly include fluoroalkanes, fluoropolymers, inorganic fluoride and fluorine-containing fine chemicals four major categories of products. Fluorine chemical industry is an important branch of the new chemical materials industry, but also is the development of new energy and other strategic emerging industries need supporting materials , to promote China's manufacturing industry restructuring and product upgrading plays a very important role.
No.1
New Materials Industry
In the new materials industry, organic fluorine materials have a wide range of applications due to their chemical resistance, thermal stability, dielectric properties, non-flammable and non-adhesive, as well as a very small coefficient of friction, which is incomparable to other synthetic materials. It has a wide range of applications. For example, PTFE, which has the reputation of "King of Plastics", is not only the main component of the exterior wall material of the "Water Cube" of the National Aquatics Center, but also the Gore-Tex (GORE-TEX), which is known as the "Cloth of the Century". GORE-TEX (GORE-TEX) fabric is the main raw material, its light, thin, strong, durable, waterproof, breathable and windproof performance so that it is widely used in aerospace, military and medical fields , more in the functional apparel market leader; the latest research is also exploring its environmental protection in the field of haze management, water treatment and other
No.2
Communications Industry
With the development of new infrastructure wave, 5G base station massive growth, will synchronize to drive PCB, antenna vibrators and filters and other components of the application of the substantial growth. In 5G base stations, printed circuit boards (PCBs) will be widely used as the most basic connecting device.
And PCB upstream raw materials mainly include copper foil, glass fiber cloth, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), including special resins and ceramics and other chemical materials. In the high-frequency copper-clad laminate PTFE cost accounted for about 40%. So PTFE as one of the mainstream high-frequency substrates for 5G high-frequency high-speed copper cladding boards, the market is expected to usher in explosive growth during the construction period of the 5G network.
Tetrafluoroethylene is prepared from trichloromethane and hydrofluoric acid, and then polytetrafluoroethylene is produced by redox polymerization.
According to incomplete statistics, China's base station with PTFE demand space of nearly 9 billion yuan, the global base station with PTFE demand space of 13 billion yuan. With the development of 5G, PTFE market prospects. In addition, the widespread application of 5G will also make the 5G cell phone surge, lithium batteries will also be pulled, thus bringing fire lithium hexafluorophosphate.
No.3
Electronic Industry
In the electronics industry, high-purity hydrofluoric acid for strong acidic cleaning, corrosion agents, applied to integrated circuits and ultra-large-scale integrated circuit chip cleaning and corrosion, is the development of microelectronics industry. strong> is one of the key basic chemical materials for the development of microelectronics industry. And fluorine-containing electronic gases is an important part of the electronic information materials field of special electronic gases.
Electronic grade hydrofluoric acid
1
It is understood that, Electronic grade hydrofluoric acid is one of the most widely used e-chemicals in the process of semiconductor production. Electronic grade hydrofluoric acid can be used to clean the surface of the wafer, or applied in the chip price process of cleaning and etching and other processes.
At present, electronic grade hydrofluoric acid is mainly used in integrated circuits, solar photovoltaic and liquid crystal display, which the first major application market is the field of integrated circuits, accounting for about 47.3% of the total consumption of electronic grade hydrofluoric acid; followed by solar photovoltaic field, accounting for 22.1%; and then again is the field of liquid crystal display, accounting for 18.3%. .
2
PFA
PFA full name is "tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether **** polymer", also known as the "soluble PTFE". As you can tell from the name, in addition to being very similar to PTFE, it is also meltable.
PFA is used in many high-end fields, such as the semiconductor industry. It is one of the main materials used to make silicon wafer carriers, pipes and their fittings, and semiconductor parts.
Due to the corrosive nature of hydrogen fluoride and hydrofluoric acid, general metal equipment cannot be used to produce high purity hydrogen fluoride. Either use platinum, gold and other precious metals, or increase the corrosion-resistant lining of the stainless steel equipment, liner material is generally used fluoroplastic PFA.
The semiconductor industry has very high requirements for packaging, transportation, most of which are flammable, explosive, corrosive and hazardous materials. The material used for packaging containers must be corrosion-resistant, and there can be no dissolution of particles and metal impurities, so as to ensure that the container does not constitute a contamination of the quality of the reagent at the point of use. The impurities and particles must not increase significantly during the storage period, and the packaged product must not present a risk of leakage to the environment during transportation and use. PFA is one of the most widely used materials today.
Fluorinated gases
3
Tetrafluoroethane
Fluorinated electronic gases are an important part of the special electronic gases in the field of electronic information materials, and the global market for fluorinated electronic gases is still growing. Currently the global electronic gas market in the fluorine electronic gas series accounted for about 30% of its total.
Mainly used as cleaning agent, etching agent, also can be used for doping agent, film-forming materials. Typical traditional fluorine-containing electronic gases include tetrafluoroethane, hexafluoroethane, nitrogen trifluoride, sulfur hexafluoride, tungsten hexafluoride, octafluoropropane, octafluorocyclobutane, and hexafluorobutadiene.
Among them, Tetrafluoroethane is currently the largest plasma etching gas in the microelectronics industry, hexafluoroethane is used as a plasma etching gas in the semiconductor and microelectronics industry, the device surface is clear, and can be used for fiber optic production and low temperature refrigeration.
No.4
Pesticide Industry
Japanese scholars have found that fluorinated compounds make an unusually high contribution to the insecticide and acaricide categories (70% and 77% respectively). In the other three main categories, they accounted for about 50% of the compounds (fungicides: 49%; herbicides: 50%; nematicides: 57%). For novel insecticide or acaricide candidates, the choice of organofluorine compounds is statistically highly favorable and may help ensure success.
Global Fluorspar Supply and Demand Status
Currently, China is the world's largest consumer of fluorspar, accounting for about 60% of the total global consumption. In addition, the United States, Mexico, Spain is also an important region of global fluorite consumption, consumption accounted for about 6%, 5%, 5% of global fluorite consumption.
From the fluorspar resources production analysis, China, Mexico, Mongolia, South Africa and Vietnam and other developing countries are the world's major supplier of fluorspar resources, five countries combined supply accounted for about 91% of the market share, of which Mexico and China are the world's richest reserves of fluorspar countries.
At present, the world's fluorine chemical industry is characterized by a high degree of concentration and monopoly. The world famous eight fluorine chemical enterprises are mainly distributed in the United States, Japan and Western Europe and other industrialized countries. These companies have obvious technical advantages, their products have covered the entire high-end fluorine chemical industry chain, and long-term accounted for 80% of the world's total capacity of organic fluorine materials, 70% of the capacity of gas fluorine chemicals.
These countries have very little or no fluorite production, and the fluorite raw materials and primary fluorine chemical products they consume mainly rely on imports, which shows that the world's supply of fluorite resources is seriously separated from the consumption.
With the progress of science and technology and the rapid development of strategic emerging industries, the application of fluorine chemical products is also expanding. The development of strategic emerging industries has boosted the quality of China's fluorine chemical industry , and fluorite as the main source of fluorine in the industry, Strategic emerging industries will also synchronize to drive the long-term prosperity of the fluorite industry, fluorite's future will be unlimited!