The Barefoot Doctors were born in the late sixties, a milestone in China's cooperative medical system, and are the health guardians of China's rural peasants. There are two reasons why they are called that. First of all, these doctors were originally farmers who were sent to higher-level medical departments to study for a certain period of time, and then returned to their hometowns to provide medical services to their parents and elders. These doctors are not state officials, they do not receive state subsidies, they are farmers, and the local government takes the lead in organizing the households into cooperative medical societies on a village basis. These barefoot doctors sit in this cooperative medical care to serve the farmers. Secondly, they have to work in the fields in the morning and in the evening during the busy farming season, so they are on call when someone is sick, whether they are working in the fields or sleeping in the middle of the night, and they will come out in time. Based on the above two points, the people in the medical cooperatives who are engaged in the primary medical service after the initial pre-service training are called barefoot doctors from the private to the official level. If you want to know more about barefoot doctors, you can read the following articles. Cooperative Medicine, Barefoot Doctor Management (After the Founding of the PRC) (1969-1979) (Cooperative Medicine) (Barefoot Doctors) (Management) (Rural Areas) Shandong Province began to popularize the development of cooperative medicine in 1969, and to cultivate health personnel (barefoot doctors) in rural areas who were not released from their jobs. At the beginning of the rise of cooperative medical care in the province, it adhered to the guidelines of "three soil" (soil medicine, soil medicine, soil method) and "four self" (self-growing, self-picking, self-producing, self-farming medicinal materials), and ran the medical care and medicines on its own. The funds for cooperative medicine mainly came from individual members and the public welfare funds of production teams and production brigades, and the barefoot doctors were generally treated with work credits and participated in collective distribution at the end of the year. By 1971, more than 5,560 brigades in the province had practiced cooperative medicine, and more than 41,000 barefoot doctors had been trained; in January 1972, the Health Bureau of the Provincial Reform Committee held an experience-sharing meeting on cooperative medicine in Anqiu County, and called for the implementation of team-run cooperative medicine in the province's brigades in that year, and for the implementation of cooperative medicine in cities, streets and schools. By 1973, the province had 36,332 brigades*** practicing cooperative medicine, accounting for 44.9% of the total number of brigades; and 261 communes*** practicing team-based, two-level management of cooperative medicine, accounting for 13.2% of the rural people's communes. Communes practicing cooperative medicine have basically reached the point where minor injuries and illnesses do not leave the team. Statistics at the end of March 1975, the province's implementation of cooperative medical brigades, from the end of 1974, 67.15% rose to 69.6%; the implementation of cooperative medical management of the two levels of communes, from the end of 1974, 34.8% rose to 39.6%; the province's barefoot doctor team developed to 158,168 people. In 1977, the province began to reorganize its cooperative medical care and to establish and improve the management systems for diagnosis and treatment, medicines and funds. At the end of 1978, there were 66,979 production brigades*** practicing cooperative medicine in rural areas of the province, accounting for 80.3% of the total number of production brigades; and there were 1,302 communes*** practicing cooperative medicine at the two levels of management, accounting for 62.2% of the total number of people's communes. There are 190,541 barefoot doctors in the province, an average of 2.3 per brigade, including 64,419 female barefoot doctors. In January 1979, the provincial health bureau in Lijin county, Gaomi county and Changqing county Xu Temple commune held a rural cooperative medical symposium in three pieces, on the development of cooperative medical care, consolidate the barefoot doctor team once again for research and deployment. After the founding of the country〗〖1980-1985〗〖System〗〖Cooperative Medical Care〗〖Management〗〖Village Doctors〗In January 1980, the Provincial Department of Health and other units jointly forwarded the "Rural Cooperative Medical Care Statute (Trial Draft)" jointly issued by the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Finance, the State Pharmaceutical Administration, and the National General Cooperative Society for Supply and Marketing. The statute clearly defined the nature of cooperative medical care, the tasks of cooperative medical stations, the forms of cooperative medical care and management organizations, funds and management systems. In August 1981, the provincial health department and other units issued the "Joint Circular on Consolidating and Developing Cooperative Medical Care and Setting up Health Centers in Production Brigades", which required that brigades that had stopped or had not yet set up cooperative medical care should do so as soon as possible if they were in a position to do so, and that those that did not have the conditions but had barefoot doctors should set up a good health center, and that they should reasonably settle the remuneration of the barefoot doctors and give them a cash subsidy in addition to the credited points for the work they had done. If a barefoot doctor reaches the level of junior college after examination, he or she will be issued a certificate of rural doctor and given a cash subsidy equivalent to the level of a private teacher. The Provincial Department of Health issued the Opinions on Doing a Good Job of Examining Barefoot Doctors, which made uniform regulations on the contents, standards, methods and certificates of rural doctors. After 1982, with the development of the reform of the rural economic system, the rural medical care system gradually developed in the direction of multiple forms of medical care. Most of the original cooperative medical institutions were transformed into collectively or individually-run medical institutions, becoming health offices in the streets or administrative villages, and barefoot doctors were transformed into village doctors or health workers, thus dismantling the cooperative medical system for the most part. In 1985, 70% of the villages in Zhaoyuan County practiced cooperative medicine. The form of running medical service is still based on collective management, and most of them implement the contracting system in management. at the end of 1985, there were 87,533 administrative village sanitary rooms in the province, accounting for 95.18% of the total number of administrative villages; there were 143,483 rural doctors (including sanitary workers), of whom 90,670 had obtained the certificate of rural doctor. I was very attentive to the answer, please add points
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