Degree Committee Office of the 99th Discipline Specialty Profile-0804 Instrument Science and Technology
Instrument science and technology is an important part of information science and technology, and is the source of information. Instrument science and technology is an important means of providing detection, measurement, monitoring and control of guest things, is a knowledge-intensive, technology-intensive comprehensive disciplines for the legalization of human society to provide material and technical protection. With the research and development of high and new technology, all kinds of basic research and experimental work, the construction of the national economy, modern national defense, modern industry, modern agriculture and human social life, can not be separated from the instrumentation and its technology, therefore, instrumentation science and technology plays a very important role in the national economy. The development of instrument science and technology is closely linked with the development of physics, which takes Newtonian mechanics, thermodynamics, electrodynamics, quantum force as its theoretical basis, and establishes the length, mechanics, thermodynamics, electromagnetism, optics, acoustics, electronics, time and frequency, emblematic electrons, ionizing radiation and other detecting instruments as the representative of the instrument industry. The combination of quantum mechanics and electronics, the development of modern science and technology, such as atomic energy, astronautics, microelectronics, computers, lasers and superconducting technology applications, not only makes the instrument science and technology into the stage of quantum metrology, but also greatly improves the precision of the instrument and the scope of measurement. The development of laser interference technology, atomic frequency scale, absolute measurement of optical power, reproduction of electrical units, objective measurement of temperature, as well as the development of photoelectric conversion, force-electric conversion, magneto-optical effect, quantum interference devices, etc. and the application of electronic and computer technologies have promoted the emergence of many new detection methods and instruments. Many new physical effects, such as the Doppler effect, superconductivity, electron tunneling effect and quantization of the Hall effect, etc. have been recognized one after another, that is, be rapidly utilized, the development of new test and measurement techniques and instruments. Microelectronics, aerospace technology development and demand to promote the micro-displacement, precision targeting, precision positioning, precision navigation and micro-mechanical technology development, so that precision instruments and machinery to a new level of technology. Therefore, instrument science and technology has developed into a precision machinery, electronics, optoelectronic technology, computer technology, and gradually formed with precision instruments and machinery, test and measurement technology and instrumentation, optoelectronic engineering, electronics, computer science, testing technology and automation and other disciplines cross and interpenetrate the integrated disciplines. It contains many important disciplines and branches, such as measurement and control technology and instruments, micro-mechanics and nanotechnology, intelligent instruments and virtual instruments, test theory and test technology, error theory and data processing technology, modern sensing technology and systems, fault diagnosis and signal analysis and processing, quality engineering, inertial test technology and control, electromagnetic measurement technology and instrumentation. Instrument science and technology includes two secondary disciplines; namely, precision instruments and machinery and test and measurement technology and instruments. Both in the training objectives, scope of business and curriculum, etc., both have their own characteristics, but also many interlinked and **** the same place. For example, they all need to master precision machinery, electronics, optics, computer technology, automatic control, information processing technology and other aspects of the professional knowledge structure and application of skills; but precision instruments and machinery focus on the design theory and manufacturing technology of precision instruments and machinery, the design theory of micro electro-mechanical systems and manufacturing technology, inertial technology and navigation equipment, intelligent instrumentation and virtual instrumentation, intelligent structural systems and so on. While test and measurement technology and instruments focus on test theory and test technology, error theory and data processing technology, modern sensing technology and systems, photoelectric detection technology and systems, signal analysis and processing, dynamic testing, monitoring and fault diagnosis technology, quality control engineering and computer-aided measurement and control technology. Related disciplines of this discipline: physics, optical engineering, mechanical engineering, electronic science and technology, information and communication engineering, control science and engineering, computer science and engineering.
Precision instruments and machinery
I. Overview of the discipline
This discipline is the second level of instrumentation science and technology disciplines. With the development of science and technology, today's society has entered the information age. This discipline as the means and methods of information acquisition, storage, processing, transmission and utilization, in national defense, industry and agriculture and scientific research in a wide range of applications, in the national economy and social development plays an important role. In recent years the rise of micro-mechanics and micron nanotechnology, but also the discipline's important development direction and research content, will have an important impact on the development of the national economy. This discipline is precision machinery, electronics, optics, automatic control and computer technology and other disciplines intersection of integrated disciplines.
Second, the training objectives
1. Doctoral degree should have precision machinery, optics, electronics, automatic control and computer technology and other aspects of the knowledge structure, to master the field of solid and broad basic theories and systematic and in-depth specialized knowledge, an in-depth understanding of precision instruments and mechanical disciplines and the direction of development of the international academic research forefront; should have mastered at least one foreign language, and be able to read the foreign language of the specialty proficiently. At least one foreign language should be mastered, can skillfully read the foreign language materials of this specialty, has a wide range of writing ability and the ability to conduct international academic exchanges; has a strong ability to independently engage in scientific research and technical work, in a particular aspect of the creative research results; can be competent in this specialty and the adjacent professional teaching, scientific research, scientific and technological development or management.
2 Master's degree should master the solid basic theories in the field of precision instruments and mechanical disciplines, master the expertise of the discipline, initially have the scientific research ability of the discipline, be able to skillfully use the computer and master a foreign language, and be able to engage in the teaching of the specialty and adjacent specialties, scientific research, scientific and technological development or management.
Third, the scope of business
1. the scope of scientific research
(1) measurement and control technology and instrumentation Precision instruments and machinery design theory and manufacturing technology, dynamic testing, signal analysis and fault diagnosis technology, photoelectric detection technology and systems, non-destructive testing technology, new sensor technology and its application, image processing technology.
(2) Micromechanics and Nanotechnology Design and manufacturing of micro-electromechanical systems, microactuators, microfabrication engineering and nanotechnology.
(3)Intelligent Structure System and Instrumentation Intelligent robotics, design and manufacturing of intelligent structure system, measurement automation and intelligence, virtual reality technology and virtual instrumentation, etc. (4) Inertial test technology and control Inertial system and micro gyro system, navigation and positioning and measurement and control technology, etc..
(5) overall instrumentation technology Instrument engineering design methods, instrument accuracy, optimization and reliability design, ergonomics and computational aided design techniques.
2. Curriculum
(1) Doctoral degree Basic theory courses Modern mathematical foundation, nonlinear analysis methods, modern signal processing and analysis, modeling of measurement and control systems. Specialized Courses Modern Test Technology, Gyroscope and Inertial Navigation, Vibration Theory and Application, Dynamic Test Technology and Application, Digital Image Processing, Machine Vision, Virtual Reality Technology and Virtual Instrumentation, Microelectronic Mechanical Systems.
(2) Master's Degree Basic Theory Courses Fundamentals of Engineering Mathematics, Test Signal Processing, Advanced Electronics, Control Theory, Error Theory and Data Processing. Specialized courses Modern sensing technology, microcomputer interface principles and applications, computer network technology, intelligent instrument and system design, dynamic testing and modal analysis of mechanical systems, micron-nanometer technology, inertial navigation systems and control, photoelectric detection technology, instrument CAD technology, ergonomics.
Fourth, the main related disciplines Test and Measurement Technology and Instrumentation, Optical Engineering, Detection Technology and Automation, Mechatronics Engineering, Biomedical Engineering.
Test and Measurement Technology and Instrumentation
I. Overview of the discipline
Test and Measurement Technology and Instrumentation Science and Technology is a secondary discipline. In the natural sciences; people are through the measurement of things to get to know, "no measurement, there is no science", and test instruments for human understanding of nature, the transformation of nature as an important means, plays an important role in the national economy. From the point of view of information theory, test and measurement technology is the source of access to information, with the development of science and technology, test technology has gradually developed into a discipline involving mathematics, physics, microelectronics, precision machinery, sensor technology, automatic control technology, computer technology and communications technology and other cross-disciplinary new disciplines, the test instrumentation manufacturing industry has been gradually formed into a multi-disciplinary interpenetration, highly knowledge-intensive, highly integrated new industry technology. Highly integrated new industry. In addition, modern test and measurement technology is developing in two major directions, one is to extend the measurement range to both ends. Measurement accuracy is further improved, the second is to dynamic, real-time, online, remote control, multi-functional, digital, intelligent direction.
Second, the training objectives
1. Doctoral degree should have mathematics, modern optics, microelectronics, precision machinery, modern sensing technology and testing technology, error theory and data processing, control theory, computer technology and signal processing and other aspects of the knowledge structure, to master the field of this discipline of the solid and broad basic theories and systematic and in-depth specialized knowledge, in-depth understanding of the development direction of the test and measurement technology and instrumentation disciplines and in-depth understanding Technology and Instrumentation development direction and international academic research frontiers. At least one foreign language should be mastered; they should be able to read foreign language materials in their own specialty skillfully; they should have a certain degree of writing ability and the ability to carry out international academic exchanges. Have strong ability to engage in scientific research and specialized technology independently, and make creative research results in a certain aspect. Competent in teaching, scientific research, scientific and technological development or management of this specialty and adjacent specialties.
2. Master's degree should master a solid theoretical foundation in the field of test and measurement technology and instrumentation, master the systematic expertise in this discipline, have the preliminary scientific research ability in this discipline, and be able to skillfully use the computer and master a foreign language, and be able to engage in the teaching, scientific research, scientific and technological development, or management work in this specialty and the neighboring specialties.
Third, the scope of business
1. Discipline research scope
(1) test and measurement theory and its application of error theory and data processing, reliability theory and its application, calibration, transmission and calibration, simulation testing technology.
(2) Modern Sensing Technology and Systems Sensor theory and its application, modern sensing technology and instrumentation, optical and photoelectric detection technology.
(3) Precision Testing and Quality Engineering Modern testing technology and systems, nano-testing technology, intelligent instrumentation, test signal analysis and processing, fault diagnosis technology, dynamic and instantaneous testing technology, computer measurement and control technology and quality engineering.
(4) Electromagnetic Measurement Technology and Instrumentation Electromagnetic test measurement theory, digital technology of electrical parameters, analysis and processing of electrical test signals, automatic test interface technology and systems, etc..
2-Curriculum
(1) Doctoral degree Basic theory courses: modern signal analysis and processing, optimal control theory, linear systems, nonlinear digital analysis, introduction to modern measurement and control, introduction to intelligent materials and structures. Specialized Courses Modern Test Technology, Intelligent Test System Design, Dynamic and Vibration Test and Analysis, Modern Time Domain Measurement, Intelligent Multimedia Technology, Advances in Dynamic Parametric Metrology and Testing.
(2) Master's Degree Basic Theory Courses: Fundamentals of Engineering Mathematics, Test Signal Processing, Advanced Electronics, Digital Image Processing Technology, Error Theory and Data Processing. Specialized Courses Intelligent Instrument Design, Principles and Applications of Microcomputer Interface, Geometric Measurement and Control Technology, Principles and Applications of Modern Sensors, Laser and Photoelectric Testing Technology, Quality Engineering. Four main related disciplines precision instruments and machinery, mechanical and electronic engineering, optical engineering, testing technology and automation, computer application technology.
Intelligent Instrumentation Principles and Applications Test QuestionsIntelligent Instrumentation Principles and Applications Test Questions
I. Fill in the blanks (1 point per blank ***25 points)
1, analog input channels include , .
2, in order to reduce the drift voltage of the operational amplifier and comparator in the A/D converter, often using technology.
3, to overcome the key jitter measures often used , .
4, the role of the bus transceiver .
5, the most basic average filtering program is , improved , , .
6, multi-slope integrator has , the advantages of , there is a , its role is .
7, in the general-purpose computer to add several basic instrument hardware modules with ****, through the software to combine into a variety of functions of the instrument or system of instruments called or .
8, ADC0809, assuming that REF + = +5V, VREF - ground, then the analog input is 1V, converted to digital quantities , if REF + = +2.5V, VREF - ground, then the analog input is 1V, converted to digital quantities
9, digital storage oscilloscopes can be pre-set to four triggers , , , .
10, the intelligent instrument self-test mode has three , , .
Second, short answer (5 points per question ***35 points)
1, briefly describe the principle of free-axis measurement.
2, the treatment of systematic errors.
3, Briefly describe the process and role of three-line hooking.
4, the main points of the design of intelligent instruments .
5, if the oscilloscope screen coordinate scale of 8 × 10div, using 10-bit A/D, 2K memory, the vertical and horizontal resolution of the oscilloscope is how much?
6, Briefly describe the principle of line reversal method.
7, briefly explain the principle of D / A bipolar output circuit
Third, the synthesis
1, (20 points) in an automatic control system, there are temperature, pressure, flow rate of the three to be measured, try to design a measurement circuit, the requirements of the use of 8-bit A/D, 4-bit LEDs and the relevant logic circuit.
(1) Draw a hardware connection diagram
(2) Write the device model (CPU, A/D)
(3) According to the connection diagram, write the addresses of the three channels.
(4) Briefly describe the measurement process.
2. (20 points) The following figure shows the block diagram of a general-purpose counter
(1) To measure a signal at 10Hz, try to calculate the time scale and gate time that should be chosen.
(2) Briefly describe the measurement process
(3) What is its maximum counting error?
(4) What method should be used to minimize the error?
Inertial sensing and measurement and control technology, dynamic testing and intelligent instrumentationNondestructive testing technology
This industry is very front / money, talent shortage, relatively few people know, but there are appropriate qualifications (I, II, III), you learn directly from the nondestructive testing program, you can directly after the examination of the second level, holding the second level of the certificate after three years will be able to test the third level, the third level, you will be cattle la!
P.S. I do this line, just graduated from undergraduate school this year, the first job is to detect injuries, the unit to train me to take the test level 2 。。。。
About 080402 measurement and control technology and instrumentation (test technology and instrumentation) of the direction of the examination and researchTianda Precision Instrumentation National first
modern analysis and testing technologyhave not heard of. But often this kind of not famous specialties are very popular.
I hope to adopt
Modern testing technology Calculation questions?
1 floor answerer brain dead ah, should go back to take medicine!
Signal and Test Technology Application ExamplesThis book is based on the main line of the test process, focusing on the basic knowledge of the test system, the content mainly includes the composition and basic characteristics of the test system, commonly used sensors as well as the principle and application of some new types of sensors, signal conversion and conditioning, signal analysis and processing, modern test technology, and the application of test technology in engineering.
What is modern analysis and testing technology in chemistry?Modern Technology of Test and Analysis
(Modern Technology of Test and Analysis)
1, Prerequisite Courses: Chemistry, Physics, Crystallography, Analytical Chemistry or Materials Science and other related disciplines of the course
2, Teaching Purpose:
This course is mainly used for composition analysis, structure analysis, surface morphology analysis, spectroscopy, and other related disciplines. This course focuses on the principles and methods of modern analytical testing techniques for compositional analysis, structural analysis, surface morphology analysis, spectroscopic analysis and determination of physical and chemical properties. Through the course of study, students systematically understand the basic principles of modern analytical testing methods, instrumentation, sample preparation and application; master the interpretation of information obtained from common modern analytical testing techniques and analysis methods; learn to accurately select and utilize a variety of analytical methods and means according to different analytical content, and arrive at the correct judgment; cultivate students to analyze, problem-solving ability; and ultimately enable the students to independently Modern analytical testing and research work.
3. Applicable majors: Applied Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Materials Physics and Chemistry, Materials Science, Environmental Engineering, Botany, Biology, Mineral Surveying and Exploration, etc.
4. Introduction to the course content
The theoretical lectures will be given in a centralized manner, and the practical lectures will be given to 4-6 students from each group.
Chapter 1: Introduction
The development of modern analytical testing technology, classification, application areas.
Chapter 2: X-ray diffraction analysis
X-ray diffraction analysis of the basic principles; physical phase analysis, structural analysis, film thickness and grain size analysis; X-ray diffractometer principle of operation, the composition of the structure and performance of the instrument; X-ray diffraction analysis of the powder method of the sampling method; X-ray diffraction analysis of the results of the basic analytical (analytical) methods.
Experiment 1: powder crystal X-ray physical analysis
Experiment 2: indexing and cellular parameters of the precise determination
Experiment 3: nano-film thickness and grain size determination
Chapter 3: Chemical Composition Analysis
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS): Atomic absorption spectroscopy: atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) development, application, and characteristics of AAS; AAS basic theory; Instrument structure and performance; atomic absorption analysis methods; sensitivity and detection limit; interference and its suppression.
X-ray diffraction fluorescence spectroscopy: X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy qualitative and quantitative analysis, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy analysis of the basic working principle, instrument structure and performance; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy analysis of the sample preparation method.
Experiment 1: graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry determination of trace elements in unknown solutions
Experiment 2: solid samples without labeled sample analysis, with labeled sample analysis
Chapter 4: Microanalysis
Scanning probe microanalysis: four modes (AFM, DFM, KFM, MFM), scanning probe microscopy of the basic working principle, instrument structure, performance and four modes of work. Working principle, instrument structure and performance; scanning probe microanalysis results of the basic analysis methods.
Scanning electron microscopy microanalysis: including the scanning electron microscope working principle, structure and performance, spectrometer structure and working principle; scanning electron microscopy microanalysis of the preparation of samples; scanning electron microscopy microanalysis of the results of the basic analytical methods.
Experiment 1: surface morphology analysis of thin film samples (AFM, DFM mode)
Experiment 2: scanning electron microscopy analysis of powder samples
Chapter 5: Spectroscopic analysis
Infrared spectroscopy: infrared spectroscopy: the principle of infrared spectrometry; infrared absorption spectroscopy for the qualitative analysis of compounds and quantitative analysis; the method of making a solid sample wafer by the pressing method (KBr, KI). method (KBr, KI); interpretation of infrared spectra.
Raman spectroscopy: working principle of Raman spectrometer; qualitative and quantitative analysis; interpretation of Raman spectra.
Experiment 1: infrared analysis of powder samples
Experiment 2: Raman analysis of powder samples
Chapter 6: Spectral Analysis
Fluorescence Analysis: the basic principle of fluorescence analysis and the construction principle of the relevant instrumentation, experimental methodology and application; the interpretation of fluorescence analysis spectra.
Optical absorption analysis (UV-visible-near infrared): the basic principles of optical absorption analysis and the construction principles of the relevant instruments, experimental methods and applications; interpretation of UV-visible-near infrared spectra.
Experiment 1: fluorescence analysis of liquid samples
Experiment 2: UV-visible-near-infrared spectral analysis of liquid and solid samples
Chapter 7: Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Chromatographic analysis: chromatography development, application, and characteristics of chromatography; chromatography basic theories; structure and performance of instrumentation; sensitivity and detection limit; chromatography qualitative and quantitative methods; selection of analytical conditions, spectra, and methods of analysis. Chromatographic analysis: the development and application of chromatographic analysis and its characteristics; basic theory of chromatographic analysis; instrument structure and performance; sensitivity and detection limit; qualitative and quantitative analysis of chromatography; selection of analytical conditions, spectrum analysis.
Mass Spectrometry: development, application and characteristics of mass spectrometry; basic theory of mass spectrometry; instrument structure and performance; qualitative and quantitative analysis methods; selection of analytical conditions, spectral analysis.
Experiment 1: Structural analysis of benzene compounds
Experiment 2: Separation and identification of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine
Chapter 8: DNA Sequencing Analysis (Biology, Botany majors)
DNA Sequencing Analysis: basic DNA operation (extraction, separation, recovery); basic operation of PCR instrument (basic principles, primer design, basic operation); DNA sequence determination and recovery. basic operation); DNA sequence determination and comparison (sequencing principle; automatic sequencer; homology comparison of DNA sequence).
Applied Physics (Intelligent Testing Technology) out of good employmentApplied Physics, no matter what direction, most of them are more suitable for graduate school. Directly out of employment is not very good.
PS: Applied physics, although the name has the word applied, but actually belongs to the science, not engineering, is a basic discipline.
What are the testing methods of modern textile testing technologyA. Intelligent perception technology:
Context-aware computing technology, which has begun to develop in recent years, may fundamentally change the way we interact with devices. The technology uses contextual and environmental information to anticipate user needs and deliver context-aware content, features, and experiences.
The rules will also change when textile inspection instruments integrate these smart sensing technologies. One of the challenges engineers often face is holding probes in both hands and not having time to change the configuration of the instrument. Voice control not only allows you to interact with the instrument hands-free, but also makes it easier to interact with the instrument's features. In addition, intelligent prediction can be used to highlight relevant or valuable data. Oscilloscopes can be automatically scaled and configured based on the valuable portion of the signal, or relevant measurements can be added based on the shape of the signal. As the technology evolves, mobile device-based instruments will be able to integrate and take advantage of context-smart sensing technologies.
Second, cloud connectivity technology:
Engineers usually transfer data between the instrument and the computer via a USB flash drive or download the data with the help of software via Ethernet, USB connection. This process is quite cumbersome, so new-age engineers are beginning to envision instant data access through cloud technology. services such as Dropbox and iCloud store files on cloud servers and automatically synchronize data across all devices. Combined with wireless and cellular networks that provide constant connectivity, users can access and edit their files anywhere, anytime. In addition to storing files in the cloud, some services offer a range of applications in the cloud. Multiple users can also collaborate remotely and edit documents simultaneously from anywhere.
Next-generation instruments that integrate web and cloud connectivity offer the same advantages to engineers. Multiple engineers can access data and user interfaces simultaneously from anywhere. When engineers in different locations collaborate on commissioning, they can interact with the instrument in real time to better understand the communication problem, rather than just enjoying static screenshots. Cloud technology can dramatically improve the efficiency and productivity of teams of engineers.
Three, mobile technology:
Based on the hardware resources provided by mobile devices, the advantages of new components and technologies are fully utilized in the design of new-generation instruments. Compared to current instruments, the use of next-generation instruments will be completely different. Applications running on mobile devices will be responsible for data processing and the user interface. With no need for physical knobs, buttons and displays, the instrument's hardware will be reduced to the measurement and timing system, resulting in a smaller size and lower cost. Users are also not limited by tiny built-in displays, small on-board storage and slow operating speeds. Instead, they have access to larger and sharper displays, gigabytes of data storage, and multi-core processors. Built-in cameras, microphones and accelerometers also enable new capabilities, such as capturing images of test setups or recording audio annotations to combine with data. Users can even develop custom applications to meet specific needs.
While traditional textile inspection instruments can also integrate better performing components, they are slower than mobile devices. Instrumentation systems that directly leverage consumer electronics, with their economies of scale and faster innovation cycles, can continue to utilize advanced technologies while keeping costs low.