Health emergency refers to the occurrence of public **** health emergencies before or after the emergence of the corresponding monitoring, forecasting, early warning, reserves and other emergency preparedness, as well as on-site disposal and other measures, in a timely manner, to produce a public **** health emergencies of the possible factors for the prevention and control of public **** health emergencies that have arisen; at the same time, other public emergencies **** events to implement emergency medical and health rescue, in order to reduce its harm to the socio-political, economic, and people's lives and security.
2, the characteristics of health emergency response work
China's health emergency response work has the following main features.
(1) the primary goal of health emergency response work is to prevent the occurrence of public **** health emergencies, as far as possible, public **** health emergencies will be controlled in the bud or the early stage of the event. When a public **** health emergency occurs, the health emergency response mechanism should be able to mobilize relevant resources and technical forces in a timely manner to bring the public **** health emergency under rapid control to a limited extent and reduce the impact on public health. This requires us to do a good job of daily health emergency preparedness, such as the establishment of a perfect planning system, the formation of a well-trained and comprehensive health emergency response team, the establishment of a sensitive public **** health information network, strengthen the daily health emergency preparedness, improve the prediction and early warning and rapid and effective disposal capacity, and to promote on-site epidemiological investigations and laboratory testing to improve the capacity, and so on.
(2) health emergency response must be in line with China's basic health conditions, in the event of a public **** health emergencies, can be timely and effective mobilization of relevant health resources, integration of a variety of social resources, mobilizing the whole community to participate in a timely and effective emergency response to public **** health emergencies. At the same time, health emergency response work must also be in line with the characteristics of economic globalization, and fully draw on foreign health emergency response theory and practice. Doing a good job in China's health emergency response is an important part of international health emergency response. At the end of 2004, after the Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, China was able to send health emergency response teams to the affected countries in a relatively short period of time to help carry out disaster relief and disease prevention work, and provide relevant medicines and other emergency supplies to assist the affected areas, which fully demonstrates the achievements of the construction of China's health emergency response mechanism.
(3) The construction and improvement of health emergency response mechanism and system is a long-term process, which cannot be accomplished overnight. On the one hand, it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring information network, laboratory testing, infrastructure and other hardware construction; on the other hand, it is more important to rely on science, people-oriented, to strengthen personnel training and capacity building, and to play the key role of professional and technical personnel in the work of health emergency response.
(4) Health emergency work in accordance with the law. The introduction of laws and regulations such as the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases and the Regulations on the Emergency Response to Public **** Health Emergencies provides legal protection for the construction of health emergency response mechanisms and the development of health emergency response work. At the same time, rely on science, rely on professional teams, rely on the whole society and the masses to carry out health emergency response.
3, the principles of health emergency response work
(1) prevention-oriented, unremitting. To raise the awareness of society as a whole to prevent the impact of emergencies on the health of public **** events, the implementation of preventive measures, do a good job of personnel, technology, materials and equipment for emergency reserves. Various types of situations that may cause emergencies and require health emergencies should be analyzed and warned in a timely manner, so that early detection, early reporting and early treatment.
(2) unified leadership, hierarchical responsibility. According to the scope, nature and public health hazards of public **** events, the implementation of hierarchical management. People's governments at all levels are responsible for the unified leadership and command of the emergency treatment of public **** events, the relevant departments in accordance with the provisions of the plan, in their respective areas of responsibility to do a good job in the health emergency treatment of the relevant work. Various types of medical and health institutions at all levels should, under the unified coordination of the health administrative department, do a good job of material and technical reserves, personnel training exercises, monitoring and early warning, etc., in accordance with the responsibilities and provisions of the plan, and respond to public **** events in a rapid and orderly manner.
(3) Comprehensive response, health protection The important goal of the health emergency response to public **** incidents is to avoid or reduce the harm suffered by the public in the event. Emergency public **** event, involving a large number of people, often encountered not only a particular type of disease, but the disease and psychological factors compound harm, and there is a rapid spread of the characteristics, so in the handling of emergency public **** event, disease control, medical treatment and other medical and health institutions need to be in the coordination of the health administrative departments in other departments of the support and cooperation to carry out the work of synergy. The goal is to minimize the direct casualties and other impacts on public health brought about by the incident.
(4) regulated by law, decisive measures People's governments and health administrative departments at all levels should, in accordance with relevant laws, rules and regulations, improve the health emergency response system for public emergencies, establish a systematic and standardized health emergency response system for dealing with public emergencies, and make a rapid response to public emergencies and other public emergencies that require health emergency response
(5) rely on science, strengthen cooperation health emergency response to public **** events to fully respect and rely on science, to pay attention to the prevention of public **** events and health emergency response to scientific research and training, for public **** events health emergency response to provide advanced and complete scientific and technological protection. Local and military departments and units concerned, including health, science and technology, education and other industries and institutions should cooperate and share resources **** to effectively carry out health emergency response to public **** emergencies. To organize and mobilize the public to participate in a wide range of sudden public **** incident health emergency response work.