type-B ultrasonic, commonly known as "B-mode ultrasound", is a medical examination item that patients often come into contact with when they see a doctor. Clinically, it is widely used in the diagnosis of diseases in cardiology, gastroenterology, urology and obstetrics and gynecology.
As a doctor in an auxiliary department, I found that patients have a lot of confusion about B-ultrasound. Now I will talk to you about the common sense of abdominal B-ultrasound examination. Are CT and MRI necessarily superior to B-ultrasound? The answer is no. As an important part of image diagnosis technology, ultrasonic diagnosis technology does have many advantages over CT and MRI. First of all, it can not only find the pathological changes of abdominal organs, but also observe the movement and function of organs coherently and dynamically. It can track lesions and display stereoscopic changes without being limited by its imaging stratification. For example, at present, ultrasound examination has been recognized as the first choice for biliary system diseases. Secondly, B-ultrasound can monitor the blood flow and direction of organs other than the solid organs (liver, pancreas, spleen, kidney, etc.), so as to identify the nature and degree of organ damage. For example, doctors can intuitively see various structures in the heart and whether there are abnormalities through color Doppler echocardiography. Thirdly, the ultrasonic equipment is easy to move and has no trauma, and patients with mobility difficulties can be diagnosed at the bedside. Fourth, the price is low. The cost of ultrasound examination is generally 35-15 yuan/time, which is 1/1 of that of CT examination and 1/3 of that of nuclear magnetic resonance. This is more affordable for most working-class people. "B-ultrasound" is often used for physical examination. But does all this mean that "B-ultrasound" is superior to CT and MRI in all aspects? Not really. For example, B-ultrasound is obviously weaker than the latter in terms of clarity and resolution, and it is easy to miss the diagnosis of cavity organ diseases, and the examination results are also easily affected by the clinical skill level of doctors. What preparations should patients make before abdominal B-ultrasound examination? 1. Fasting and banning water. The dinner on the day before the examination should be based on light food with little residue, and fasting for one night after eating. On the morning of the inspection, breakfast and water should be banned to ensure the inspection on an empty stomach in the morning. This is mainly to reduce the interference of gastrointestinal contents and gas on ultrasonic sound beam and ensure sufficient bile filling in gallbladder and biliary tract. Sometimes, even if some patients have stopped eating, there is still a lot of gas in the gastrointestinal tract. These patients should take Xiaozhang tablets (dimethicone tablets) orally 1-2 days before the examination, which has a certain effect on eliminating intestinal gas. 2. Two days before B-ultrasound, gastrointestinal barium meal radiography and cholangiography should be avoided. For patients with digestive system diseases, doctors sometimes prescribe barium meal fluoroscopy and B-ultrasound examination at the same time. It is best for patients to have B-ultrasound examination first and then barium meal radiography. Because if barium remains in the gastrointestinal tract, it will not only affect the ultrasonic imaging of gallbladder and pancreas, but also easily lead to misdiagnosis. 3. For B-ultrasound examination of urinary system, especially for ureter and bladder, drink 4-6 ml of warm water 1-2 hours before the examination, and then check after the bladder is full. If the patient needs to receive digestive and urinary examination at one time, it is best to check that morning urine is not discharged on the same day, so that the bladder can be filled without drinking water. Is color B-ultrasound necessarily better than black-and-white B-ultrasound? Color Doppler examination refers to "color Doppler diagnosis". It uses modern technology to convert Doppler signal into color signal, and superposes it with two-dimensional black-and-white sonogram to realize color blood flow imaging, which makes it possible to observe and evaluate intravascular space and blood flow state in vitro. It can be seen that color Doppler ultrasound is mainly used for heart disease examination and blood flow detection of major blood vessels inside and outside various organs of human body. For example, in the diagnosis of digestive and urinary diseases, the blood flow information of portal vein, hepatic artery and renal artery can be obtained by color Doppler ultrasound. If the lesion has not yet reached the above blood vessels, but only the biliary system and pancreas, it is unnecessary to do color Doppler ultrasound to avoid increasing the economic burden. Can B-ultrasound check gastrointestinal tract? Because there is a lot of air in the gastrointestinal tract, it is easy to interfere with the B-ultrasound beam, which makes its structure unclear, and the preparation for gastrointestinal examination by B-ultrasound is complicated, and the diagnostic accuracy of barium meal and gastrointestinal endoscopy is higher than that by B-ultrasound, so B-ultrasound is generally not the first choice for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases.
B-ultrasound is a routine examination of patients in hospitals, and there has been no report of injury to patients so far. It is one of the six major imaging diagnostic equipment in medical field.
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