In 20 17, the war of robbing people began and reached its climax in 20 18. By 20 19, the competition momentum is still unabated. At present, the "war of grabbing people" between cities is intensifying. For any ambitious city, talent has become the most important strategic resource. In 20 19 alone, more than 100 cities across the country introduced new policies for talents, and more than 30 cities successively introduced settlement policies. The battle for a hundred cities is unprecedentedly fierce, and college graduates, as the largest employment group, have become the focus of the "grabbing war". With the overall end of autumn recruitment, Wutongguo, a one-stop online application platform for domestic college students, analyzes the employment difficulty of graduates in the autumn recruitment season in 2020 from the aspects of regions, provinces and cities, and education level, and finds that the employment situation in the three northeastern provinces is not optimistic.
Old trees sprout new buds? Revitalizing Northeast China, Talents First
From a national perspective, the employment difficulty index is negatively correlated with the level of economic development. The more developed the economy, the lower the employment difficulty index. The average employment difficulty index of graduates in the autumn recruitment season in 2020 is 1.04, which shows that the supply and demand of talents in the autumn recruitment season are basically the same. The northeast, northwest and central China all exceeded the average level, and the northeast ranked first with the employment difficulty index of 1.75; Followed by the northwest region, the employment difficulty index is1.34; East China has the lowest employment difficulty, with an employment difficulty index of only 0.48, and the employment pressure of graduates is relatively small.
East China is dominated by eastern coastal provinces, with dense population, high level of economic development, relatively more employment opportunities and low local employment difficulty index. On the other hand, in Northeast China, the economic structure is still dominated by traditional heavy industry, and the development of tertiary industry is slow, which hinders the progress of economic transformation and upgrading. The exhaustion of resources, de-capacity and the restructuring of state-owned enterprises have also brought great employment pressure, and the brain drain has become more obvious, leading to the gradual decline of the local economy. In addition, due to the relatively large number of colleges and universities in Northeast China, the imbalance of industrial structure leads to insufficient demand for counterpart recruitment, which makes the number of graduates greater than the number of recruitment positions in enterprises. A large number of graduates cannot find suitable jobs after leaving school, so the employment difficulty index is also high. How to turn the traditional "black chimney" into "green phoenix tree" is the key to the transformation and rebirth of Northeast China.
The northeast is the only province that ranks the most difficult to find employment.
It can be seen from the top ten provinces in the employment difficulty index of graduates in the autumn recruitment season in 2020 that Liaoning has the highest employment difficulty index of 1.87, which is the most difficult province in China. Jilin and Heilongjiang, also located in the northeast, ranked second and fourth respectively, with employment difficulty indexes of 1.82 and 1.57 respectively. Shanxi ranks third with the employment difficulty index of 1.73.
For a long time, the contradiction between the difficulty of employment and the difficulty of recruiting workers has been puzzling the enterprises and social departments in the three northeastern provinces, especially in the difficult period of the economic growth decline in the three northeastern provinces. More and more college graduates, low-skilled jobs and re-employed people in traditional industries are facing the problem of employment difficulties, and the demand gap for production workers in enterprises is growing. This seems to be a scissors gap or structural contradiction, but the essence is the contradiction that enterprises have no core technology, job seekers have high collective expectations and low skill level. Taking Liaoning Province as an example, the job market is thirsty for talents with professional skills. However, at present, there is a long-standing phenomenon of skilled talents in the province, the growth rate of high-skilled talents is slow, and the outflow of college graduates is serious, which seriously affects the quantity and quality of high-skilled talents in the province and leads to a continuous increase in the employment difficulty index.
After fleeing from Beishangguang, graduates prefer new first-tier cities.
As shown in the above figure, with the employment difficulty index of 1.52, first-tier cities will become the most difficult cities for graduates in the autumn recruitment season in 2020. The employment difficulty index of new first-tier cities is 0.9 1, which is the smallest, and graduates are the easiest to find jobs. Fifth-tier cities ranked second in the employment difficulty index,1.39; The employment difficulty index of second-tier cities is 1. 17, ranking third; Fourth-tier cities ranked fourth with the employment difficulty index of 1.08, and third-tier cities ranked fifth with the employment difficulty index of 1.03.
The increase in the employment difficulty index of first-tier cities represented by Beishangguang is related to the increase in the operating costs of local enterprises. In order to reduce costs, enterprises gradually move to new first-tier and second-and third-tier cities, so the local recruitment demand drops and the employment difficulty increases. In addition, most first-tier cities are gathering places of colleges and universities, and there are a large number of local graduates, so the employment difficulty index of first-tier cities is generally high. In order to vigorously develop emerging industries, new first-tier cities have increased the recruitment of innovative professionals. In addition, Chengdu, Tianjin, Xi and other new first-tier cities have successively introduced talent introduction policies, providing more settlement, housing, subsidies, etc., providing more convenience for enterprise recruitment, which has gradually increased the demand for fresh graduates in new first-tier cities and may become new destinations for job seekers outside first-tier cities in the future. Then, as the only new first-tier city in the three northeastern provinces, what is the employment situation of Shenyang in the autumn recruitment season?
There is a big difference between the north and the south in the new first-tier cities, and Shenyang is the most difficult to find employment.
According to the ranking of employment difficulty index of new first-tier cities in autumn of 2020, there are 1 0 new first-tier cities with employment difficulty index below1,indicating that the supply of local talents is less than the demand, among which Suzhou has the lowest employment difficulty, and its employment difficulty index is only 0.65; Followed by Hangzhou, Nanjing, Chengdu and Kunming, the difficulty of employment is relatively low; Shenyang has the highest employment difficulty index, which is 1.27. On the whole, the employment difficulty index of new first-tier cities in the north is generally higher than that of southern cities.
As the only new first-tier city in Northeast China, Shenyang is a city with equipment manufacturing as its first pillar industry. Local enterprises prefer skilled talents when recruiting, but the demand for highly educated talents represented by college graduates is low, and the recruitment demand is not as good as that of emerging industries such as the Internet. Although the construction of high-tech industries represented by robots, integrated circuit equipment, high-end medical equipment, aerospace industry, new materials and new energy vehicles has been accelerated in recent years, it will take time for industrial transformation and upgrading, and the imbalance between supply and demand will not be well alleviated in a short time.
The industrial transformation and upgrading has not yet been completed, and the employment difficulty of doctoral graduates remains high.
Judging from the regional employment difficulty index of graduates of all educational levels in the autumn recruitment season of 2020, the employment difficulty index of masters is the highest in all regions, with 1.76, followed by 1.74 in Northeast China. As far as undergraduate education and doctoral education are concerned, the employment difficulty index of undergraduate education in Northeast China is 1.27, and that of doctoral education is 1.57, both of which are the most difficult areas for employment with the same academic qualifications.
At the present stage of weak economic growth and deep adjustment of industrial structure in the three northeastern provinces, there are both gross and structural contradictions between the number of job seekers and the demand of enterprises, which leads to a higher overall employment difficulty index. Generally speaking, the labor supply in the three northeastern provinces is still at a high level, and the structural contradictions mainly come from the decline in employment elasticity caused by industrial restructuring. In recent years, the three northeastern provinces have continuously adjusted and optimized their industrial structures, constantly pushed the equipment manufacturing industry to develop in the direction of intelligence and high-end, and the demand for talents in traditional industries has been decreasing. At the same time, there has also been a contradiction between the strong demand for high-tech talents and the oversupply of low-skilled talents, and the contradiction between the rapid pace of industrial restructuring and the low efficiency of personnel training, which has led to a decline in employment elasticity and a "jobless growth". On the other hand, as "China Massachusetts Institute of Technology", Harbin Institute of Technology and other famous universities, the three northeastern provinces have trained a large number of high-quality doctoral talents for many years. Most of their intentional positions are for scientific research or teaching in colleges and universities, while the demand for doctoral students in scientific research institutions and related universities in Northeast China is small, resulting in a higher employment difficulty index for local doctoral graduates.
To revitalize Northeast China, whether it is accelerating the transformation of government functions or comprehensively deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises, whether it is management innovation, technological innovation or business model innovation, a large number of talents with pioneering spirit, innovative thinking, advanced management ability and professional skills are needed. In order to attract talents, "economic lowlands" have to show greater determination, courage and sincerity than "economic highlands" to effectively improve the treatment of talents, so that people have a sense of belonging and security. Not only will they not be tempted by the immediate conditions and treatment, but they are more willing to fight for the long-term interests of local or enterprises. Nowadays, it is freezing and snowing heavily. Northeast China must bite the bullet and do a good job of "building nests and attracting phoenix", create an environment and soil suitable for talent development, effectively form "talent stickiness", truly inject new development vitality into the three northeastern provinces and realize "old trees sprout new buds"!