bim technology: building information modeling technology.
Building information modeling is a new tool for architecture, engineering and civil engineering. The term Building Information Modeling or Building Information Modeling was coined by Autodesk
The core of BIM is to provide a complete, real-world repository of information about a building project by creating a virtual three-dimensional model of the building project and utilizing digitization technology to provide a complete, real-world repository of information about the building project for this model.
This information base contains not only geometric information describing the building components, professional attributes and state information, but also state information of non-component objects (e.g., spatial, motion behavior).
With the help of this three-dimensional model containing building engineering information, the degree of information integration of building engineering has been greatly improved, thus providing a platform for the exchange and **** enjoyment of engineering information for the relevant stakeholders of building engineering projects.
BIM has the following characteristics: it can not only be applied in the design, but also can be applied to the whole life cycle of the construction project; design with BIM belongs to the digital design; BIM's database is dynamically changing, in the application process is constantly in the process of updating, enriching and enriching; for the project to participate in all parties to provide a collaborative work platform. China's BIM standards are being studied and formulated, and the research group has already achieved stage-by-stage results.
Expanded information:
Features:
Visualization:
Visualization is the form of "what you see is what you get," and for the construction industry. Visualization of the real use of the role of the construction industry is very large, for example, often get the construction drawings, just the information of each component in the drawings using the line drawing expression, but its true form of construction on the need for construction industry practitioners to imagine their own.
BIM provides a visualization of ideas, so that people will be the previous line components to form a three-dimensional three-dimensional physical graphic display in front of people; now the construction industry also has a design aspect of the rendering. But this rendering does not contain other information in addition to the size, location and color of the components, the lack of interactivity between different components and feedback.
The visualization mentioned by BlM is a kind of visualization that can form interaction and feedback with the components. Since the whole process is visualized, the result of the visualization can not only be shown in the rendering and report generation, but also, more importantly, the communication, discussion, and decision-making in the process of the project design, construction, and operation are all carried out under the state of visualization.
Coordination:
Coordination is a key element in the construction industry, whether it is the construction unit, or the owner and the design unit, are doing coordination and matching work. Once the implementation of the project encountered problems, it is necessary to organize the people concerned to open a coordination meeting, to find the reasons for the occurrence of various construction problems and solutions. Then make changes, make corresponding remedial measures to solve the problem.
In the design, often due to the communication between the professional designers are not in place, there are a variety of professional collision between the problem.
For example, HVAC and other professional piping in the arrangement, due to the construction drawings are drawn in their respective construction drawings, in the real construction process, may be in the arrangement of the pipeline just here in the structural design of the beams and other components in the arrangement of the pipeline is impeded, such as the collision of the problem can only be coordinated and solved in the problem after the problem is solved again.
BIM's coordination services can help deal with this problem, which means that BIM building information modeling can be used to coordinate the collision problems of various disciplines in the pre-construction phase of a building, generating coordination data and making it available.
Of course, the coordinating role of BIM is not only to solve the collision problems between the various professions, it can also solve, for example, the elevator shaft layout and other design layout and the coordination of the headroom requirements, the coordination of fire protection zoning and other design layout, the coordination of the underground drainage layout and other design layout.
Simulation:
Simulation is not only to simulate the design of the building model. It can also simulate things that cannot be manipulated in the real world. In the design phase, BIM can simulate some of the things that need to be simulated for the design.
For example: energy saving simulation, emergency evacuation simulation, daylight simulation, heat conduction simulation, etc.; in the bidding and construction phase can be 4D simulation (3D model plus the development time of the project).
That is, according to the organizational design of the construction simulation of the actual construction, so as to determine a reasonable construction program to guide the construction. At the same time, 5D simulation (based on the 4D model plus cost control) can also be carried out to achieve cost control; the later operation stage can simulate the handling of daily emergencies, such as the simulation of earthquake personnel escape simulation and firefighters evacuation simulation.
Optimization:
In fact, the whole process of design, construction and operation is a continuous optimization process. Of course, optimization and BIM are not necessarily linked to each other, but on the basis of BIM can do better optimization.
Optimization is constrained by three factors: information, complexity and time. Without accurate information, you can't do a reasonable optimization result. The BIM model provides information about the actual existence of the building, including geometric information, physical information, rule information, and also information about the actual existence of the building after it changes. When the complexity is high.
The ability of the participants themselves cannot grasp all the information, and must be helped by certain science and technology and equipment. The complexity of most modern buildings exceeds the ability of the participants themselves. BIM and its various optimization tools provide the possibility of optimizing complex projects.
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