As the buzz of Hurricane irma approaches Florida, the state has issued an evacuation order for about 5.6 million people, which is one of the largest evacuation orders in the history of the United States.
The evacuation order covers several counties and a quarter of Florida's total population. It is reported that traffic jams have turned some interstate highways into parking lots, and many areas are also suffering from gasoline shortage. Hotels in nearby states are full, and hundreds of temporary shelters are being hastily set up for those who have nowhere to go in the storm.
, but how can it be possible to evacuate so many people safely?
As it turns out, the key lies in a lot of preparation and planning. Susan Cutter said that Kurt, director of the Institute of Danger and Vulnerability of the University of South Carolina, told Life Science:
"This is a well-thought-out and systematic process, and there are many scientific evidences behind it." This is not just a willful thing.
Related: Hurricane Irma Photo: An image of a monster storm. Where will Hurricane Irma land on the Florida Peninsula? Hurricane irma: Everything you need to know about this monster storm, whether to evacuate < P > or not, is not always clear at a glance, as Hurricane Harvey revealed a few weeks ago. However, cities like Miami and counties in Florida have been considering and planning a major hurricane for some time. Carter said,
The key to getting people out of the hurricane safely is to calculate how long it takes people to leave an area according to the local road network, which is called clearing time; Calculate exactly which areas are facing dangerous conditions; And the arrival of tropical strong winds, or those greater than 39 miles per hour (63 kilometers per hour). Hurricane Irma is a huge category 4 hurricane, and tropical storm winds extend 185 miles (295 kilometers) from its center, which means that people need more preparation time to evacuate safely. [Observation: A sad flight to Irma photographed in a time-lapse video]
"You don't want the car to drive in this wind, and you certainly don't want the car to cross the bridge from barrier island to the mainland in this wind," Chet said.
Using data from traffic models, population data and floods/storm surges, emergency planners may calculate that, for example, it takes 24 hours to evacuate Florida, and tropical strong winds. In this example, this may mean reducing the time of storm surge warning according to the preparation time provided by the National Hurricane Center (usually 48 hours for hurricane observation or warning) before the hurricane warning or storm surge warning is officially issued.
reducing chaos may also involve early actions by local organizations. The areas that may be affected may be much earlier than the official National Hurricane Center monitoring or warning. Antonio Nanni, a structural engineer at the University of Miami, told Field Science earlier:
In order to alleviate the traffic jam, emergency planners have set up evacuation routes and regional maps for each organization, so many organizations, such as universities, closed ahead of schedule a few days ago, which means that many people have already had time to leave an area in Florida, based on detailed research, from vacant houses to flood risks to the demographics of vulnerable people. The Florida Department of Transportation also has a hotline, which callers can use to determine the best way out in the area. (The number is (85)414-41 or (toll-free) (866)374-FDOT(3368)). FL511 also has information about evacuation routes. Governor Rick Scott has also set up a separate hotline to help people who are deadlocked get rid of the hurricane in time.
the shortage of natural gas is another problem, but in this case, Florida has started a state of emergency, which helps to prevent price fraud that may lead to natural gas shortage. * * * News reports, small moves
Although the scope of the punishment wind of Irma may be large, the area that must be evacuated is much smaller. Generally speaking, most people will leave the inland coast and then leave from the inland areas of northern Florida. Carter said there was no need for the hurricane to move to Virginia or New Jersey, blocking the interstate. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration -NASA satellite GOES-16 captured the geographical color image of Hurricane Irma passing through the eastern tip of Cuba at around 8 am EST on September 8, 217. (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/CIRA) "KDSP" is in South Florida. According to the Florida planning map, the evacuation area on the storm surge planning map is divided into concentric rings from A to E, and the area in evacuation area A is the area most likely to be flooded and submerged along the coast. Not all areas need to be evacuated. These areas are usually not evacuated because of strong winds (basically all parts of Florida will be affected by strong winds). Building codes are considered to reduce wind damage. Therefore, only those who are in fragile structures and are moving to stronger structures should be evacuated due to the wind. Cooter said, < P >, as long as someone has a safe place to travel, they can resist the hurricane. Nanni said that many people living in evacuation zone A may not have to go to other cities or states to ensure their safety. He planned to spend the storm in his home on Wednesday, which is the most dangerous evacuation zone A, but if the weather is forecasted, it will be the most dangerous evacuation zone A. Instead, they can go somewhere in the same city or general area.
most people either live with family and friends or flock to local hotels.
"They just feel more comfortable in hotels and motels or with family and friends," Carter said.
However, the most vulnerable people-those who don't have a strong social network and many financial means-will need shelter. Cutter said that these locations (usually schools) were pre-determined by the Red Cross according to the threat of floods, the wind resistance of buildings, the availability of sanitary facilities such as toilets and showers, and the space of food preparation facilities or food preparation tents. In addition, population modeling needs to predict the number of asylum seekers, which is partly based on past data and partly based on local population. Members of the 156th Aeromedical Evacuation Squadron provided safety for patients at the key west Xiaji Medical Center of the North Carolina Air National Guard. The C-13 was evacuated before Hurricane Emma arrived on September 6th. (Senior pilot Sonia Clark/Air National Guard)
So far, hundreds of shelters have been established; People who have nowhere to go can use these shelters and should go to the nearest shelter. According to state and local officials, they are likely to be full soon. (The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has a list of shelters for people under evacuation orders. ) Shadow Evacuation and Vulnerable Crowd "KDSP" In any evacuation, about 1% to 2% of the evacuees choose to evacuate voluntarily, but they are not in the evacuation area. They may not directly harm life and limbs, but they may simply conclude that it is too difficult to stay in animals.