Training and learning materials
I. Basic concepts of medical quality management and control in hospitals
1. Definition of medical quality management
Medical quality management refers to the organization and control activities carried out to improve the degree of satisfaction of patients with the medical technology, medical services, medical effects and medical prices.
2. Definition of medical quality control
Medical quality control is the management according to medical quality standards. That is, according to the set quality objectives, through certain management methods, measures or adjustment means to achieve the desired purpose.
3, the definition of the whole medical quality control
The whole medical quality control refers to the quality of the entire medical process from the patient to the hospital to leave the hospital in accordance with the standards set to monitor, including outpatient medical, ward medical and some of the out-of-hospital medical activities link process monitoring.
4, 13 basic elements of medical quality
(1) the size of the hospital establishment;
(2) staffing structure;
(3) the quality of personnel;
(4) the implementation of health laws and regulations, rules and technical standards;
(5) supplies, equipment and medicine supply;
(6) the integrity and sophistication of equipment;
(6) the quality of medical care. intact and advanced degree of equipment;
(7) medical ethics education;
(8) hospital culture;
(9) hospital geographic location, urban distinction and transportation conditions;
(10) green environment of the hospital;
(11) the reasonable degree of hospital buildings;
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( 12) Attitude of medical service;
(13) Hospital health economic management.
5, tertiary hospitals (beds > 500) medical quality stratified management of the five-tier method structure
Medical quality standards can be divided into three categories: medical technology standards, medical management standards, medical service standards.
1, medical technology standards
Medical technology standards are the main body of medical quality standards. It can be divided into two categories:
(1) medical technology methodology standards:
Medical technology methodology standards mainly include some of the principle provisions of medical technology activities, including the diagnosis of disease standards, treatment standards, curing or transfer of judgment standards, standards for the determination of medical accidents, medical record writing standards, and so on.
(2) medical technology operation standard:
Medical technology operation standard is the guideline of hospital technology activities. Including clinical, medical technology, nursing, pharmacy and other technical operation requirements and procedures, that is, a variety of technical operation routine.
2, medical management standards
Medical management standards can be divided into medical work rules and hospital management standards.
(1) medical work rules: including the duties of medical personnel at all levels, medical work system and reward and punishment system 3 aspects.
(2) hospital management standards: mainly includes the following 9 items:
1 total quality management;
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2 quality control standards;
3 target management standards;
4 statistical indicators;
5 assessment standards;
6 medical fee standards;
7 equipment management standards;
8 hospital security standards;
9 medical ethics construction standards.
3, medical service standards
Medical service standards refers to including service attitude, service skills and service timeliness and other quality standards reflecting the effect of service. Medical service standards can be divided into two categories of external and internal service standards.
(1) external service standards
The external service standards mainly include 4 aspects:
1 service attitude
2 dress instrument
3 language art
4 service behavior initiative
(2) connotative service standards
Connotative service standards mainly include 5 aspects:
1 Physician's first diagnosis and responsibility system:
2 Selection of the most favorable clinical diagnosis and treatment plan for the patient: it is an important standard to measure the doctor's business ability and medical ethics and medical style.
3 patients for optimal care: is the standard of responsibility of doctors and nurses.
4 the expected best medical care effect: is the final measure of the effectiveness of medical services