From the date of 20 14 and 10, fixed assets with a unit value of not more than 5,000 yuan are allowed to be included in the current cost at one time, and deducted when calculating taxable income, and depreciation is no longer calculated on an annual basis.
Caishui [20 18] No.54 stipulates that the equipment and appliances newly purchased by enterprises during the period from 20 1 8 to 20201(referred to as equipment and appliances for short, refer to fixed assets other than houses and buildings).
We can see that the standards of these amounts are required by the accounting system and fiscal and taxation policies.
Of course, in practice, in order to save trouble, many companies will directly use the 2000 yuan mentioned in the enterprise accounting system as the standard for fixed assets accounting.
After clarifying the accounting requirements for fixed assets in accounting standards and accounting systems, let's look at the standards of 5,000 yuan and 5 million yuan. Both the amount standards of these two fixed assets appear in the preferential tax policies.
1, accounting treatment should follow the requirements of accounting system and accounting standards; Tax treatment is tax treatment, which needs to follow the provisions of the tax law. Accounting and tax law are two different things.
2. It is normal that the provisions of accounting standards are inconsistent with those of tax law, which is what we often call tax difference. This part of the difference is specifically handled through tax adjustment.
3. Preferential tax policies may not reflect the consumption pattern of economic benefits of fixed assets. For example, the tax law allows equipment and appliances below 5 million yuan to be included in the current profit and loss at one time. If an enterprise really takes the tax law as its accounting standard, it really does not conform to the nature of its business, and such accounting information is seriously distorted.
4. The tax law allows enterprises to accelerate the depreciation of fixed assets, which means that enterprises can choose to accelerate the depreciation or not. For loss-making enterprises that can't make profits in the short term, choosing accelerated depreciation will further expand the losses. Moreover, due to the limited period of making up the losses stipulated in the tax law, the losses may not be made up, which actually reduces the pre-tax deduction, leading to the future profits of enterprises, and requires more corporate income tax.
The policy of accelerating depreciation does not mean that you will pay less corporate income tax. No matter whether it is deducted first or by stages, the total depreciation amount will not change. It is nothing more than allowing enterprises to obtain the time value of funds, so that enterprises do not bear the financial pressure of purchasing equipment and corporate income tax at the initial stage of purchasing fixed assets.
6. The tax difference caused by accelerated depreciation policy is temporary. According to the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises No.65438 +08- Income Tax, income tax should be accounted by the balance sheet debt method to confirm deferred income tax liabilities.