1 internal medicine
Internal medicine mainly includes cardiology, respiratory medicine, gastroenterology, endocrinology, hematology and neurology. The characteristic of internal medicine is to pay attention to clinical thinking, and disease diagnosis is like "solving a case". Its similarity is that patients are concentrated in middle-aged and elderly people, with detailed consultation, long rounds and careful medical records.
There are many emergency departments in cardiology, and the professional theory is the most complicated and difficult to understand, and the patient's condition is often critical. Some third-class hospitals often set up interventional operating rooms (with radiation), and the salaries of large internal medicine departments are higher.
Respiratory medicine has a high risk of being infected by respiratory diseases, and its condition is complex, often complicated with other basic diseases (such as heart disease and cerebrovascular disease). Due to the high incidence of diseases in winter and spring, the Chinese New Year is busier than usual and there are fewer holidays.
Compared with the above departments, there are fewer critically ill patients in the Department of Gastroenterology, but there are many kinds of diseases, which often require auxiliary diagnosis such as digestive endoscopy, among which ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiography) has radiation, but the treatment amount is considerable.
Diabetes and thyroid diseases are the most common diseases in endocrinology department. Night shift emergency treatment is less and relatively easy, but the treatment is more general. Hematology often has poor prognosis (low sense of accomplishment), long hospitalization time, mainly chemotherapy, simple diagnosis and treatment methods, and endless bone marrow puncture. Doctors have a heavy psychological burden. After all, they need to face a large number of families who have paid all for the treatment, and they need strong communication skills.
There are many emergency patients in neurology, mainly cerebrovascular diseases, and a large number of stroke patients who have been bedridden for a long time, so this department is closely related to rehabilitation and acupuncture. Most neurological diseases can't be cured and their sense of accomplishment is low. Doctors are characterized by carrying percussion hammers and pupil pens at all times. They need to check the patient's pupil, buckle reflex, touch the soles of their feet and observe the patient's nerve recovery every day.
Two major operations
Major surgery includes cardiothoracic surgery, neurosurgery, hepatobiliary surgery, anorectal surgery, orthopedics, general surgery, urology and so on. In English, the word SURGERY means "surgery", which means the science of hands. As the name implies, surgery focuses on the ability to practice. The similarities of operations are that there are many operations, fast rounds, concise medical records, young doctors and relaxed atmosphere.
Cardiothoracic surgery (actually it can be divided into cardiac surgery and thoracic surgery). Cardiac surgery mainly includes congenital heart disease, aortic dissection and valvular heart disease. Thoracic surgery mainly focuses on diseases such as esophagus, lung and mediastinum, and also involves upper digestive tract diseases such as cardia and stomach. But in clinical work, you will find that most of the patients you meet are tumors, and a few are trauma patients.
This kind of department is similar to cardiology, with high professional requirements, long operation time, many emergency operations and irregular work and life. The risk of surgery is high, but the conditions of surgery are often immediate, with a high sense of accomplishment and considerable income, so the entry threshold is high.
Neurosurgery has the reputation of "the top of surgery". Diseases involve brain trauma, tumors, vascular diseases and functional diseases (such as Parkinson's disease and epilepsy). ) and some congenital diseases. Common operations include skull osteotomy, open brain injury clearance, DBS (deep brain stimulation) surgery, microvascular decompression, epilepsy surgery and so on. Commonly used techniques include stereotactic, neuronavigation and microsurgery. It is characterized by a long period of training doctors, requiring solid knowledge of neuroanatomy, accurate judgment and calm and cautious personality. The operation period is long, which requires strong physical strength and perseverance. The operation risk is high, but the benefits are considerable.
Hepatobiliary surgery mainly involves liver cancer, hepatolithiasis and liver transplantation, which is difficult and challenging. Its characteristic is that patients with hepatobiliary diseases are generally seriously ill and have poor prognosis. They often need to face the situation that the operation time exceeds 5-6 hours, but the prognosis of patients is not necessarily good. Doctors need to do a good job in psychological construction.
Anorectal family, commonly known as "Chrysanthemum Family". As the saying goes, "The chrysanthemum is folded and swollen, and your smile turns yellow." This department is highly concerned and topical in the hospital, and the atmosphere of the department is relaxed. It is characterized by few emergency operations, easy night shift, simple operation and short time. Fewer critically ill patients, faster course of disease, greater mobility of patients and higher income.
Orthopedics, which belongs to the main profit-making department of most hospitals, has long dominated the top of the medical food chain and is the God of the operating room. Need to face all kinds of big trauma, surgery is completely manual work, so doctors are often strong young people.
Compared with the precise surgical instruments in other departments, orthopedic instruments are often big shafts, big electric drills, big hammers, big nails and so on. The operation process is as bold as "decoration", so it requires higher physical quality. The environment of the department is good, and there are countless debridements and dressing changes every day. There are many emergency patients, but there are few critical cases, and the patients have a good prognosis and a high sense of accomplishment.
General surgery covers a wide range of diseases, mainly gastrointestinal diseases, hepatobiliary diseases, thyroid diseases, breast diseases and hernia. Compared with other surgical departments, general surgery is more like a comprehensive operation, so general surgeons have wide adaptability, comprehensive skills and strong viability in the hospital, just like a "panacea".
Urology is mainly used to treat all kinds of urethral calculi and complicated kidney calculi's, kidney and bladder tumors, with short operation time, high penetration rate of minimally invasive surgery, good disease prognosis, high sense of accomplishment and considerable income.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Most hospitals will be divided into gynecology and obstetrics. Gynecological diseases are mainly menstrual diseases, gynecological tumors and inflammation, and the operation is fast, busy and full. If gynecological tumors let people see all the terrible scenes in the world, then obstetrics can rekindle people's hopes for life. The birth of a newborn often brings new joy to a family, but there are more operations at night and the work intensity is high.
4 ophthalmology
Ophthalmology, known as "Golden Ophthalmology", requires meticulous handwork, high surgical accuracy and patient and meticulous personality. Doctors have strong autonomy, patients have high mobility, most operations are carried out in outpatient department, and the operation time is short, so it is feasible without other auxiliary departments. Night shift is easier, there are fewer emergencies and lower risks, but patients have a better prognosis and a stronger sense of accomplishment.
5 Pediatrics
As the saying goes, "Ten women are not as good as one Hong Haier". The child's condition is changeable and it is difficult to diagnose. In addition, parents often pay close attention to their children's condition. Therefore, pediatrics is a high-risk place for doctor-patient accidents. Pediatricians usually need high communication skills and patience. There are more emergency patients. Children use less drugs and have fewer tests than other departments. Therefore, pediatrics is often more tasks and less income. Therefore, "pediatric shortage" is one of the problems still to be solved.
6 Rehabilitation Department
Rehabilitation is to help temporarily lose or decline the function after injury, restore the function through various rehabilitation activities, and return to the family. It is mainly used to treat patients with nerve injury, musculoskeletal diseases and pain rehabilitation. The rehabilitation department has set up various sports equipment for different functional recovery. The whole department is like a "gym", and these devices are like surgeons' "scalpels". The atmosphere of the department is relaxed, the doctor-patient relationship is good, the doctors are young, the night shift is relaxed, and there are basically no emergency patients.
7 acupuncture department
The main sources of patients are patients with various nervous system diseases such as pain, osteopathy and stroke. Acupuncture has a strong maneuverability, and doctors often "travel all over the world with silver needles". The quality of patients is high, the doctor-patient relationship is good, the prognosis is good, there are few emergency cases, the night shift is easy and the course of disease is long, but the prognosis is good and the income is acceptable.
Eight auxiliary departments
Auxiliary departments mainly include laboratory, imaging, pathology, electrocardiogram, color Doppler ultrasound and so on. Compared with clinical departments, doctors in auxiliary departments have fewer opportunities to communicate directly with patients, and the potential risk of doctor-patient conflict is lower. Stable work content, quick start, less overtime and more free time. Although the rise is slow, there is still room for improvement. The director of auxiliary departments in large hospitals is an indispensable part of diagnosis and treatment. If you want to have more personal time, the auxiliary department is perfect.
9 emergency department
The emergency department is the "transit station" of the hospital, and it is also the most tired and busy department. Symptoms are complex, mostly emergency, with many complications. Doctors need to have strong communication skills and judgment. In the face of complex and changeable diseases, they also have to deal with the families of patients who are anxious to get angry, which is a high incidence of contradictions between doctors and patients. At the same time, doctors need to carry out various first-aid skills and have strong physical and psychological endurance. There are many emergency night shifts, many patients, especially special holidays, and less rest time.
To sum up, different departments in the hospital have different styles. When choosing a department, we should not only consider our own interests, but also consider whether our comprehensive conditions are suitable for the characteristics of the department, so that we can go further in our study or future work.