Preface to the Chinese Translation
Foreword
Part I. Foundations of Health and Health Care Economics
Chapter 1 U.S. Health Care: Crisis or Mystery
Historical Evolution of Health Care Delivery
Post-War Experiences
Problems of Costly and Rising Health Care Expenditures
Medical Care Changes in Provision
The Essential Characteristics of Health Care as a Commodity
Ten Key Economic Concepts
Summary and Conclusions
Problems
References
Appendix lA Price Indices for Health Care
Chapter 2 Applying Economics to the Study of Health Problems
The Economics of Health Care in its Practicality
Important Assumptions of Economics
The Scientific Method
Modeling
Problem Solving
Economic Optimization
Demand and Supply
Law of Demand
Price Elasticity of Demand
Law of Supply
Equilibrium
Competition Models
Theory of Firm Behavior
Welfare Implications
Incomplete Competition
Summary and Conclusions
Problems
References
Appendix 2A Graphical Data
Appendix 2B Statistical Tools
Chapter 3 Healthcare Market Analysis
Healthcare Markets
Healthcare Costs
Pathways to Healthcare
Healthcare Outcomes
Competitive Market Models
Market Failures
Market Forces
Externality
Public **** Products
Market Failures in Healthcare Markets
Common Causes of Market Failures
Incompleteness of Healthcare Markets
Government Intervention in Healthcare Markets
Regulation
Tax Policies
Government Failure
Summary and Conclusions
Problems
References
Appendix 3A The Economics of Consumer Choice
Appendix 3B Production in the For-Profit Sector with Costs
Part II Demand-Side Analysis
Chapter 4 Demand for Health and Health Care
Demand for Health
......
Chapter 5 Health Insurance Markets
Part III Supply-Side Analysis
Chapter 6 Managed Care< /p>
Chapter 7 The Market for Healthcare Professionals
Chapter 8 The Market for Hospital Services
Part IV Disruptors - SALT
Chapter 9 Sociocultural Analysis
Chapter 10 Population Aging
Chapter 11 The Legal System and Medical Malpractice< /p>
Appendix 11A The Value of Life in the Case of Wrongful Death
Chapter 12 Medical Technology
Public **** Policies in the Delivery of Health Care
Chapter 13 Policies for Expanding Access
Appendix 13A Notes on "Forecasting"
Chapter 14 Controlling Costs
Chapter 14 Controlling Costs
Chapter 14 The Legal System and Medical Malpractice
Chapter 15 The Legal System and Medical Malpractice
Chapter 14 Policies to Control CostsChapter 15 The Global Health Care System
Chapter 16 Reforming the U.S. Health Care System
Chapter 17 Public **** Policies
Glossary of Terms Author: Fan Ming
Publisher: Social Science Literature Publishing House
Publication date: 2002.1 ISBN. : 7-80149-625-6
Pages: 224 In order to prolong people's life and improve their health, a society must allocate a certain amount of economic resources to prevent and treat people's diseases. Economic resources are always scarce, so choices must be made when allocating resources. This requires economic analysis, such as cost-benefit analysis, to optimize resource allocation. To do this, public*** decision makers need to know the social costs of ill health. There are two types of costs: direct and indirect. The former includes the costs of treatment, care and protection. The latter includes the socio-economic losses secondary to illness, an important one being the negative impact on labor market performance due to ill-health.
The impact of health and selected diseases on people's labor market performance, including labor force participation, employment, wages, and hours of work, is the subject of this book. Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Rising Health Care Expenditures - The United States and China
1.2 The Impact of Health on Labor Market Performance - The Topic of This Book
1.3 Content and Organization of This Book
Chapter 2 Some Basic Concepts in Health Economics
2.1 Health Can Be Understood as a Consumer Durable
2.2 The Production of Health
2.3 Health at Different Stages of the Life Cycle
2.4 Lifestyles and Health
2.5 Mean and Marginal Analyses
2.6 RAND's Health Insurance Study
Chapter 3 Literature Review of Health on Labor Market Performance
Chapter 4 Theoretical Models of Health on Labor Market Performance
4.1 Demand-Side Changes
4.2 Supply-Side Changes
4.3 Implications for Econometrics Research
Chapter 5 Labor Force Participation, Employment, Wages, and Hours of Work Econometric Models of Labor Force Participation and Employment
5.1 Labor Force Participation and Employment Models
5.2 Wage Models
5.3 Working Time Models
5.4 Variables and Definitions
Chapter 6 Measurement Studies of Health
6.1 Review of Research on Measures of Health
6.2 One Health Measure Constructed for This Study< /p>
Chapter 7 Data and Descriptive Statistics
7.1 Description of the Data
7.2 Descriptive Statistics
7.3 Discussion of Descriptive Statistics
Chapter 8 Impact of Health and Selected Illnesses on Labor Force Participation
Chapter 9 Impact of Health and Selected Illnesses on Employment
Chapter 10 Impact of Health and Selected The Impact of Illness on Wages
Chapter 11 The Impact of Health and Selected Illnesses on Hours of Work
Chapter 12 The Impact of Different Health Measurement Structures and Other Technical Issues
12.1 The Impact of Different Health Measurement Structures
12.2 Controversy over Heckman's Approach to the Study of Labor Market Problems
12.3 The Debate over the Wage and Health Linkage Issues
Chapter 13 Conclusions and Policy Implications
13.1 Key Findings and Conclusions
13.2 Policy Implications
Chapter 14 Expansion: Exploring the Theory of Employment and Wages
14.1 Neoclassical Theory of Employment and Wages
14.2 Theory of Efficient Labor Supply<
14.3 The Impact of Labor Market Institutions on the Supply of Effective Labor
14.4 The Theory of Human Capital
14.5 The Theory of Life Cycle Models of Labor Supply
14.6 Reflections on the Positivist Approach
Appendix A Lagrange Multiplier Tests for the Addition of Variables
References
Figure 1 Range
Figure 1-1 Trends in U.S. Total Health Care Spending
Figure 1-2 Trends in U.S. Per Capita Health Care Expenditures
Figure 1-3 U.S. Total Health Care Expenditures as a Percentage of GDP
Figure 1 -4 U.S. Personal, Government Healthcare Expenditures as a Percentage of GDP
Figure 1-5 Trends in China's Total Healthcare Expenditures
Figure 1-6 Trends in China's Per Capita Healthcare Expenditures
Figure 1-7 China's Total Healthcare Expenditures as a Percentage of GDP of GDP
Figure 2-1 Functional relationship between consumption of other products, utility, and health, given other products
Figure 2-2 Undifferentiated curves for health and other products
Figure 2-3 Health production function for three diseases
Figure 2 -4 Time trajectory of the health stock
Figure 4-1 Ill health causes individuals to withdraw from the labor market
Figure 14-1 Determination of employment and wages in the framework of neoclassical theory
Figure 14-2 Integration of technology Marginal Product Curve under Conditions of Integration Technology
Figure 14-3 Determination of the Timing of Labor Supply
Figure 14-4 Estimation of Labor Supply under Conditions of Stability of the Labor Supply Curve
Figure 14-5 Impossibility of Estimating Labor Supply When Both Supply and Demand for Labor Vary
Figure 14-6 Effect of Nonwage Income on Hours Worked
Figure 14-7 Short- and Long-Term Consumption Functions
Figure 14-8 Trends in Consumption Functions
Table 1-1 U.S. Health Costs. Total Expenditures, Per Capita Expenditures, and Source Distribution (1960-1998)
Table 1-2 Total and Per Capita Expenditures on Health Care in China (1985-1998)
Table 2-1 Mortality Rates by Age (U.S.
Table 2 -2 Comparison of Mortality Rates in Nevada and Utah
Table 2-3 Comparison of Mortality Rates due to Cirrhosis of the Liver and Lung Cancer in Nevada and Utah
Table 5-1 Definition of Variables
Table 6-1 Construction of Health Measures
Table 6-2 Comparison of the effects of enumerated symptoms and dysfunctions on people's performance in the labor market
Table 6-3 Health measures to which symptoms and dysfunctions are assigned different weights
Table 7-1 Selected physical illnesses among people aged between 16 and 61 years old Frequency
Table 7-2 Frequency of Selected Mental Illnesses for People Aged Between 16 and 61 Years
Table 7-3 Health-Illness Crossover
Table 7-4 Labor Market Performance of People with Different Health Conditions (Full Sample)
Table 7-5 Labor Market Performance of People with Different Health Conditions (Men)
Table 7-6 Labor Market Performance of People with Different Health Conditions (Women)
Table 7-7 Labor Market Performance of People with Different Health Conditions (Non-Black)
Table 7-8 Labor Market Performance of People with Different Health Conditions (Black)
Table 7-9 Hourly Wages, Weekly Hours Worked for People with Selected Diseases
Table 7-10 Hourly Wages, Weekly Hours Worked for People with Various Levels of Feeling Depressed<
Table 7-11 Hourly Wages, Weekly Hours Worked for People with Different Levels of Feeling Stressed
Table 7-12 Unemployment, Labor Force Participation Rates for People with Selected Diseases
Table 7-13 Unemployment, Labor Force Participation Rates for People Feeling Depressed
Table 7-14 Unemployment Rate, Labor Force Participation Rate for People Feeling Stressed
Table 7-15 Hourly Wages, Weekly Hours Worked, and Health by Industry and Sex
Table 8-1 Health Effects on Labor Force Participation
Table 8 -2 Marginal Effects of Health and Selected Diseases on the Probability of Labor Force Participation
Table 8-3 Health and Disease Effects on Labor Force Participation
Table 8-4 Disease, Sex, Race, and Labor Force Participation
Table 9-1 Impact of Health on Employment
Table 9-2 Impact of Health and Selected Diseases on Marginal Employment Rates
Table 9-3 Impact of Health and Disease on Employment
Table 9-4 Disease, Gender, Race, and Employment
Table 10 -1 Effect of Health on Wages
Table 10-2 Effect of Selected Diseases on Wages
Table 10-3 Effect of Health and Selected Diseases on Wages
Table 10-4 Adding Sex, Race, and Disease to the Wage Equation and Disease LM Tests for Product Variables
Table 10-5 LM Tests for Adding HMEASURE and Disease Product Variables
Table 11-1 Effect of Health on Hours Worked
Table 11-2 Effect of Selected Diseases on Hours Worked
Table 11-3 Effect of Health and Selected Diseases on Hours Worked
Table 11-4 LM Tests for Adding the Product of Sex-Race and Disease to the Hours Worked Equation
Table 11-5 LM Tests for Adding HMEASURE and Disease to the Hours Worked LM Test for Adding the Product of HMEASURE and Illness to the Equation
Table 12-1 Comparison of Health Measures with Different Structures
Table 12-2 Comparison of Different Functional Limitations and Symptom Weights (Full Sample)
Table 12-3 Health Impact on Wages (Heckman Approach)
Table 12-4 Impact of Health on Hours Worked (Heckman Approach)
Table 13-1 Comparison of the Health Status of Blacks and Non-Blacks
Table 14-1 Short- and Long-Term Consumption Functions (U.S.A.)
Table 14-2 Consumption and Income Relationships for Individuals and Society