Observations on the diagnostic effect of ultrasound on urinary stones
Urinary stones are the most easily formed types of stones in the human body, and the formation of stones can lead to varying degrees of urinary symptoms, which has a serious impact on the quality of life of patients.
Abstract Purpose: To explore the clinical diagnostic value of ultrasound on urinary stones, to provide reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of urinary stones. METHODS: 52 cases of patients diagnosed with urinary stones in the author's hospital from June 2013 to June 2015 were selected as the study object, and ultrasound was used to diagnose the diagnostic accuracy and analyze the imaging characteristics of urinary stones diagnosed by ultrasound. RESULTS: Among the 52 patients with urinary stones, 25 cases (48.08%) were renal stones, which manifested as strong echoes in the kidney in the form of points or clusters, and shadows were visible in the posterior region; 20 cases (38.46%) were ureteral stones, which manifested as stone echoes visible in the effusion in the form of an enhanced curved band of light, and shadows were visible in the posterior region; 4 cases (7.69%) were bladder stones, which manifested as strong echoes presenting in the triangular region of the bladder with shadows; 3 cases (5.77%) were posterior urethral stones.
Keywords urinary stones; ultrasound; diagnosis
Urinary stones are a common disease in general surgery, and their incidence has shown a gradual upward trend in recent years, and timely and accurate diagnosis and acceptance of scientific and effective treatment are of great significance to the health of patients [1]. This paper analyzes the diagnostic results of 52 patients diagnosed with urological stones in the author's hospital from June 2013 to June 2015, aiming to provide reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of urological stones, and is reported as follows.
1 Data and Methods
1.1 General Data
52 patients diagnosed with urinary stones in the author's hospital from June 2013 to June 2015 were selected as the study subjects, all of whom were diagnosed by ultrasound, and clinically manifested with different degrees of lumbar pain on one side or both sides, accompanied by hematuria, dysuria and bladder pain. All patients were diagnosed by ultrasound, with clinical symptoms such as one or both sides of the waist pain of different degrees, with hematuria, urinary difficulty and bladder irritation, nausea and vomiting in 23 patients, and 13 patients showed a state of weakness. Among them, 30 cases were male and 22 cases were female, aged 30-55 years, average (42.2?11.2) years; the duration of the disease ranged from 3 to 9 years, average (5.6?2.1) years.
1.2 Methods
Fifty-two patients were diagnosed by ultrasound examination as follows: before the examination, patients were asked to fill their bladders, and the location of stones was initially determined in combination with their clinical symptoms. For the upper ureteral stones, kidney stones patients to take the prone position, the ureter, lower and bladder stones to take the supine position, if necessary, according to the examination of stones to make the patient to adjust the position. The patient's bilateral kidney, ureter and bladder were examined by ultrasound (Siemens G50 ultrasound diagnostic instrument, curved line array probe, probe frequency of 3.5MHz) in a routine section. Observe the probing site for stones, fluid, ureteral dilatation and other imaging features, such as ureteral dilatation should be detected along the upper end of the ureteral dilatation to the lower end of the comprehensive exploration.
1.3 Observation index
The diagnostic results were analyzed to analyze the imaging characteristics of urinary stones diagnosed by ultrasound.
2 Results
Of the 52 patients with urinary stones, 25 cases (48.08%) were renal stones, which manifested as strong echoes of punctate or mass in the kidney and visible posterior shadows; 20 cases (38.46%) were ureteral stones, which manifested as stone echoes visible in the effusion in the form of an enhanced curved band of light, with visible posterior The results of ultrasound diagnosis of 52 patients are analyzed in Table 1.
3 Discussion
Urinary stones are the most easily formed types of stones in the human body, and stone formation can lead to patients with different degrees of pain. The formation of stones can lead to patients with different degrees of urinary symptoms, the quality of life of patients has a serious impact. ultrasound is the most widely used in clinical diagnosis of diagnostic imaging equipment, which can be carried out in the primary health care institutions. For urinary stones, ultrasound shows a better clinical application value, mainly in the ultrasound diagnosis can not be affected by the composition of the stone, and has the advantages of fast, convenient, painless, etc., but also can supplement the shortcomings of conventional X-ray diagnosis [2-3]. In this paper, 52 patients diagnosed with urinary stones were examined by ultrasound, 25 cases (48.08%) were renal stones, 30 cases (38.46%) were ureteral stones, 4 cases (7.69%) were bladder stones, and 3 cases (5.77%) were posterior urethral stones, which is basically in line with the findings of His et al [4], indicating that among the urinary stones, renal stones have the largest composition ratio, followed by ureteral stones.
Clinical diagnosis should pay particular attention to the differential diagnosis of renal stones and ureteral stones, early diagnosis and acceptance of scientific treatment is particularly important to reduce the patient's pain and improve clinical outcomes. The results of this study show that bladder stones and posterior urethral stones constitute a relatively small proportion of all urinary stones, on the one hand, with the data of this group to study fewer cases, on the other hand, Ma Lifen [5] also pointed out that the incidence of these two kinds of urinary stones in the relevant reports is low, the clinical diagnosis of the importance of attention should be paid in particular.
The diagnosis of renal stones by ultrasound is relatively simple, and the .ultrasound diagnostic features of renal stones in this group of data are characterized by strong echoes in the kidney in the form of dots or clusters, and the posterior shadow is visible, and its echogenic light spots are strong and clear after the light clusters, and the diagnosis is clear.
Ureteral stones are mostly unilateral stones, the patient should be instructed to keep the bladder full before the examination, because smaller stones should not lead to dilatation of the renal pelvis and ureter, in the case of insufficiently filled bladder, the possibility of missed diagnosis of lower ureteral stones can occur under ultrasound [6-8]. In addition, bladder stones and posterior urethral stones account for a smaller proportion of the incidence of urinary stones in the composition ratio.
The presence of strong echoes with shadows in the bladder triangle of the patient can be an important basis for the determination of bladder stones, and the bladder stones can move in the direction of gravity with changes in body position, which can also be used as a basis for the diagnosis of bladder stones, which is basically in line with the results of the study of references [9-10], and further indicates that ultrasound has a better diagnostic value of urologic stones. In conclusion, ultrasound has a high clinical diagnostic accuracy for urinary stones, and it is fast, convenient, painless, and has a high clinical application value.
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