Airtightness is directly related to the safe and reliable use of products, so how to test the airtightness and waterproof performance of products?
Nowadays, there are mainly 5 kinds of mature and reliable airtightness testing methods in the industry. This article will provide you with a comprehensive analysis of the principles, advantages and disadvantages of these five airtightness testing methods, the use of scenarios and cases, a comprehensive interpretation of all aspects of airtightness measurement technology, in order to enhance your comprehensive knowledge of airtightness testing.
iPhone 14 airtightness waterproof test
1, water detection methodThis method is suitable for needing to test the airtightness of the product in a liquid environment, especially waterproof products.
Mobile phone in the water check rain test
Advantages:
Operation is relatively simple, easy to operate and implement.
You can visualize the bubbles coming out and judge the sealing performance.
Disadvantages:
Only suitable for testing the airtightness of the product in a liquid environment, not applicable to other media.
Accuracy is average and does not provide precise quantitative measurements.
Applicable Scenarios:
Mainly applicable to products that need to be tested for waterproof performance, such as electronic products and cell phones.
Representative equipment:
Water immersion test chamber: Used to completely immerse the product into the water for testing, to observe whether there are bubbles coming out, so as to determine its sealing performance.
Rainfall Test Chamber: Specially designed to simulate the testing environment under rainfall conditions, it can simulate different rainfall intensities and time, and is used to evaluate the waterproof performance of products.
2, pressure decay methodAlso known as pressure drop method, is a commonly used airtightness testing method, applicable to different media airtightness testing.
In the pressure decay method, a certain pressure is first applied to the product or system to be tested, and the initial pressure value is recorded. Then, the gas or liquid supply source is turned off and the change in pressure over a period of time is observed. If the pressure in the system drops rapidly, there may be a leak or poor sealing performance. Conversely, if the system's pressure changes very little, the product has good gas-tight performance.
Pressure Decay Method Principle
How is the waterproof rating of a mine explosion-proof camera inspected? Using the pressure decay method, the airtightness tester
Advantages:
It can provide quantitative pressure change data, leakage rate, and more accurately assess the product's airtightness performance.
Suitable for gas tightness testing of different media, with a wider range of applications.
Disadvantages:
Requires a gas source device, and needs to be equipped with tooling and fixtures.
For smaller leaks, it may take longer tests to detect them, so patience may be required in some cases.
Applicable Scenarios:
Mainly suitable for products that need to quantitatively assess airtightness performance, such as outdoor lamps and wiring harnesses. The method can determine the sealing performance of a product by measuring pressure changes and provide relatively accurate results.
Representative Devices:
Positive Pressure Airtightness Tester: Evaluates a product's airtightness by applying pressure and monitoring the rate of pressure decay.
Quantitative Air Tightness Tester: Combining the pressure decay method and other testing methods, the tester provides more comprehensive air tightness testing functions, including pressure change measurement, leakage detection, and so on.
3. Pressure change detection methodThis is also a common airtightness testing method, which evaluates the sealing performance of a product by applying pressure and monitoring the pressure change. Pressure gauges or pressure sensors can be used to measure pressure changes to determine the product's airtightness.
Flow Method Test Schematic
Four-channel Safety Valve Function Tester, Pressure + Flow Benchmark Dual Analysis Mode with Analysis Software
Advantages:
Simple principle of operation, which can provide quantitative data on the pressure change
Can be applied to different media, including gases and liquids.
Disadvantages:
Subject to ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure, calibration and correction are required.
For smaller leaks, longer tests may be required to detect them.
Applicable Scenarios:
Suitable for products that require quantitative assessment of airtightness, such as capillary tubes, valves, and die castings.
Representative equipment:
Gas flow gas tightness tester: Used to measure the pressure change and assess the gas tightness of the product.
4, negative pressure vacuum testing methodThe method through the establishment of a closed test environment, the product will be placed into the vacuum cavity, and apply negative pressure to detect the product's airtightness performance, so that the product inside and outside the pressure difference. A vacuum pump can be used to extract the air and observe the pressure change or monitor the vacuum level to evaluate the product's airtightness.
Negative pressure vacuum method schematic diagram
Reveal the principle of flat panel display waterproof test, negative pressure airtightness tester IP67 waterproof test
Advantages:
Sensitivity High, widely applicable, can be more accurate assessment of the product's airtightness performance.
Can detect small leaks and air leaks.
Disadvantages:
Requires the establishment of a closed test environment, equipment and facilities requirements are higher.
Necessary to support the negative pressure system.
Applicable Scenarios:
Suitable for products that require high air tightness performance, such as electric shavers, automotive parts, medical devices, etc.
Representative Equipment:
Negative Pressure Airtightness Tester: It is used to establish a negative pressure environment to test the airtightness of products. Judge the sealing level of the product by observing the pressure change in the chamber. A rapid rise in pressure indicates that the product is poorly sealed; a stable pressure indicates that the product is well sealed.
5, gas leakage detection methodThis method evaluates the product's airtightness by applying a gas around the product or test sample and using a leak detector to detect gas leakage. Commonly used detection gases include helium and nitrogen.
Helium Mass Spectrometry Detection Principle
Advantages:
Can detect small gas leaks with high sensitivity.
Accurate detection and high degree of automation.
Disadvantages:
Requires specialized leak detector instrumentation, higher equipment costs.
The detection process is relatively complex and requires specialized operating skills and experience.
Applicable Scenarios:
Suitable for products that require high sensitivity to small leaks, such as gas containers and piping systems.
Representative equipment:
such as Helium Leak Detector, Nitrogen Leak Detector, etc., which are used to detect gas leaks and leakage points.
Summary
Through the above analysis of the five airtightness testing methods, we can see that the different airtightness testing techniques have their own advantages and disadvantages, there is no one method can be perfect to take into account the full range of testing needs.
Water testing is simple and straightforward, gas leakage testing is accurate and reliable, and the pressure method can quantify the leakage rate. For different products, the purpose of testing is different.
So, there is no universal testing technology, the only according to the characteristics of the product, choose a single or a combination of technical solutions, in order to take into account the test requirements and economic benefits. At the same time, different technologies can also complement each other to play a synergistic effect. For example, the water test first check the obvious defects, gas leak detection for detailed verification.
In the future, JCGK's testing technology will continue to develop and innovate, and testing equipment will evolve in the direction of precision. Only through a deep understanding of the technical principles can we develop the best testing program. Advances in testing technology will also promote product quality and brand image.
To learn more detailed airtightness testing program and application cases, please pay attention to JCGK airtightness