In Israel, Mossad has long operated in secret. That has changed, however. Almi Abramowitz, a spokesman for Israel's Justice Ministry, told the press on April 2, 2000, that the Mossad could gain public status, and that the question now is: how to establish a clear identity for the organization that does not currently exist. A few years ago, the Mossad revealed the name of its head to the public, slowly lifting the veil of secrecy that had shrouded it. In recent years, a series of operational failures have tarnished the Mossad's image and attracted the attention of public opinion at home and abroad. All this has prompted the Israeli authorities to resolve to give the Mossad a public status, hoping that measures such as legalization will regulate its methods of investigation and means of operation, further strengthen its function of combating criminal activities, and enable it to carry out its work more smoothly. Abramowitz said that if the public knew how much power the Mossad has, and what is right and what is wrong, it would help change the situation the Mossad currently faces. He said the Knesset is already considering passing a decree to legalize Shin Bet, and that once that step is successfully completed, the next step would be to publicly legitimize the Mossad's status.
Not so long ago, Israelis were often attracted to a striking advertisement: dark blue doors painted with Israel's coat of arms stood open against a sky-blue background, and the tagline stated that the doors of the Israeli Intelligence Service, or Mossad for short, were open to you: realize your potential, develop your abilities, and in front of you lay a broad future and a noble contribution.
This is the first time the Mossad, known as one of the world's four largest spy organizations, has publicly advertised for jobs. The older generation of Jews, who are used to keeping their mouths shut about national security and secrets, had a hard time accepting the fact that the most secretive spy agency of which they are so proud was actually showing up in public with a big advertisement. Shavit, the former director of the Mossad, reluctantly admits that today's young people are more concerned with the expression of their personal values. Although the Mossad needs excellent agents now more than ever before, young people living in a peaceful environment have a weak concept of national security and cannot resist the temptation of generous treatment by high-tech companies, and are simply unwilling to work for the national security agency, making the Mossad face unprecedentedly serious challenges.
Figure 4-9
The Mossad's plan to openly recruit agents was supported and approved by the Israeli prime minister. The Prime Minister's Office issued a statement to that effect, saying that at present, it has become difficult to recruit top-notch talent for the intelligence services. The Mossad must adapt to the competition in the talent market and follow the example of the United States, Britain and other countries to adopt an open method of recruiting the elite.
Mossad's former glory can continue to become Israel's top and bottom concern. Faced with the grim situation of having no successors, it had to come to the forefront and lift its veil of mystery.
The KGB's field of competence is roughly equivalent to that of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the FBI's counter-intelligence department, and is renowned for its strength and savvy, even surpassing the U.S. in some respects. The KGB was established in 1954. The organization dates back to December 1917, when the Bolshevik government was first established as the "Cheka", with Dzerzhinsky as its first head. In the 1830s, the Department of the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs, headed by Yagoda and Yezhov, became an instrument of the "Great Purge". During the Cold War, the KGB became too powerful and involved in all areas of domestic affairs, overriding the Soviet party and government, and internationally synonymous with the Red Scare. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union and the dramatic changes in Eastern Europe, Russia has inherited the mantle, but it has been weakened and, after a period of restructuring, has re-emerged with a new face and renewed activity.
The Cheka was headquartered at 2 Khovaya Street in Petrograd (St. Petersburg), and when the Soviet government moved its capital to Moscow in 1918, the Cheka's headquarters were moved to 11 Lubyanka Square, near the Moscow Kremlin, in 1920.
The main organizations of the KGB were the Foreign Intelligence Service, the Domestic Counterintelligence Service, the Army Administration, the Border Guard Administration, the General Affairs Bureau, and the KGB's foreign station groups. At one time, the KGB system had a staff of more than 500,000, with 10,000 in the headquarters organization, 200,000 in the departments of espionage, counter-espionage and technical support, and 300,000 in the border guards, in addition to 1.5 million informants throughout the country and 250,000 spies abroad, with an annual budget of 10 billion U.S. dollars.
The KGB has been the Soviet Union's foreign intelligence work, counterintelligence. The KGB has been the main department responsible for foreign intelligence work, counter-intelligence, domestic security work and border defense, and is a "super ministry" above all departments of the party, government and military, and is a supreme institution, which is only responsible to the Politburo.
British intelligence called the KGB "the world's largest spy agency collecting secret information".
Military Intelligence 6
Open Category: Military
Abbreviation MI6
=Military Intelligence 6 Military Intelligence 6 (British overseas espionage)
Also known as the Secret Intelligence Service (SIS)
Originally known as the Overseas Intelligence Service (OIS) of the British Intelligence Service, it was reorganized in 1939 and placed under the Ministry of Defence.
Mainly responsible for intelligence espionage activities abroad, such as penetrating the organization of hostile countries for counter-insurgency, recruitment, etc.. It was headquartered in a 20-story building on the south side of Westminster Bridge in London, and was known as the Government Telecommunications Agency (GTA), which was under the control of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Military Intelligence 6 (MI6) was set up at the same time as MI5 in 1909, with Colonel Mansfield Cumming of the Royal Navy as its first director, and was later expanded into the Secret Intelligence Service (SIS).
With the outbreak of the Second World War in September 1939, MI6 experienced a series of unfortunate organizational and operational disasters. on 9 November 1939, in the Dutch border town of Venlo, two senior British intelligence officers, Major Henry Stevens and Captain Payne Best, were easily duped and hijacked by German SS. MI6 thus lost a vital source of intelligence.
In those days, intelligence gathering was mainly provided by intelligence stations abroad. Once the material was returned to London, it was classified and analyzed by headquarters staff and distributed to the "users" - the army, navy and air force. After the Venlo affair and financial difficulties, MI6 was left in a state of disarray.
In May 1940, Germany's Blitzkrieg forced Britain to close down its intelligence networks in Europe, leaving MI6 with only a handful of stations in neutral countries.
Admiral Sinclair, the second head of MI6, died of cancer on November 4, 1939, after 14 years in the post, and was immediately replaced by his deputy, Stuart Menzies. Faced with this dilemma, Menzies abandoned the traditional concept of spying and turned his attention to the Government Code School, which he had just taken over, determined to rely on the use of the Code School to obtain intelligence from the interception and deciphering of German telegrams. He got what he wanted, and the Bletchley House decoders obtained "Eltra" (super-secret) for the British to win the final victory in a miraculous feat.
After Churchill became prime minister, the intelligence agencies received unprecedented attention, and a large number of talented and dedicated young people from the university, from the London business community, the intelligentsia have been called to join the secret intelligence organizations.
It is worth mentioning that after the outbreak of World War II, Britain released from prison a number of highly skilled burglars and other criminal elements to serve the Allies. Most of them were allowed to join the Commandos; a few joined MI6, where their main tasks were lock-making, safe-breaking and demolition. This appears to have been a wartime response of last resort, for by the penetrating standards of British recruitment of spies, the ideal spy was a young man from an upper-class background, with a financial income and a cheerful disposition. He must be slightly more educated than the average person, handsome, brave, tenacious, relatively calm and objective, just like James Bond on the silver screen. Therefore, the British spy agencies have always attached importance to recruiting spies from Oxford and Cambridge, two world-renowned universities.
Since 1930, MI6 has had a special sabotage and subversive activities within the D. On July 22, 1940, according to Prime Minister Churchill's order, the newly established Special Operations Genus will be taken over by the D. The mission of the Special Operations Genus is to provide a safe and secure environment for the British spy community overseas, and to provide a safe and secure environment for the British spy community. The task of the Special Operations Branch was to carry out destructive activities overseas. It was formed by Dr. Hugh Dalton, the British Secretary of State for Economic Warfare, who was soon replaced by Sir Frank Nelson.
In May 1942, the Special Operations Genus was involved in the assassination of Reinhard Heydrich, the head of the Nazi SS Security Service.Heydrich was assassinated in Czechoslovakia on May 27, 1942, an action which provoked a hundredfold frenzied retaliation by the German fascists. More than 10,000 people were arrested and at least 1,300 killed in Prague alone. The most barbaric atrocity took place in the village of Lidice, a small village near Prague in a peaceful and beautiful setting, with its red-tiled houses surrounding an old baroque church, like a paradise. One night, the SS suddenly surrounded the village, and all the villagers, men, women and children, were rounded up. Citing the fact that some of the villagers had covered for assassins, the SS shot all the men between the ages of 16 and 70, trucked all the women and children into a concentration camp, and then burned down the entire village with a single fire.
The one achievement of the special operations genus that does deserve praise is the Allied landings in Normandy, where its operatives were very successful in slowing down Germany's elite armored forces and delaying their arrival on the coast.
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA in Chinese, CIA in English)
Overview
The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is the largest U.S. intelligence agency (the U.S. government's espionage and counter-espionage agency, and the general coordinating body for the vast U.S. intelligence system), with the main task of openly and secretly to collect and analyze information about foreign governments, companies and individuals in the political, cultural, scientific and technological aspects of the coordination of the activities of other domestic intelligence agencies, and to report this information to the work of various departments of the U.S. government. It was also responsible for maintaining a large amount of military equipment that was used during the Cold War to overthrow foreign governments, such as the former Soviet Union, and opponents who posed a threat to U.S. interests, such as Guatemala's Arbenz and Chile's Allende. Headquartered in Langley, Va. Some people believe that the CIA routinely conducts assassination campaigns to assassinate leaders of enemy countries, such as Cuban President Castro, but there is not enough evidence to prove this. The status and function of the CIA is equivalent to MI6 in Britain and Mossa in Israel.
The CIA's workplaces and various activities are almost completely hidden from the outside world, unlike the FBI.
History
The U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) was first established during the American War of Independence, when President George Washington advocated its establishment to deal with the conflict, and it was then called the U.S. Intelligence Organization's Office of Strategic Services. After World War II, the organization was abolished. However, President Harry S. Truman soon found himself caught in a "mountain of paper" of intelligence reports from all parts of the government, and established the National Intelligence Agency (NIA) and its operational arm, the Central Intelligence Group (CIG), to coordinate and collate these intelligence reports. In 1947, the CIA replaced the CIG and officially became an independent agency of the Executive Office of the President of the United States, headquartered in Langley, Virginia, with many offices and 20,000 employees in the Washington, D.C., area and an annual budget of $8 billion.
The CIA has now become an important agency in the United States engaged in intelligence analysis, covert personnel intelligence gathering, and covert operations. The Director of Central Intelligence, who is also the Director of Central Intelligence, is responsible for managing the activities of the entire U.S. Intelligence Community. The Directorate is organized into four major components, each headed by a Deputy Director, and six offices reporting directly to the Director and Deputy Director, the Office of the Comptroller General, the Office of the Inspector General, the Office of Equal Employment Opportunity, the Office of the Director of Personnel, and the Office of the Director of Policy and Programs. The four major components are: the Management Division, the Operations Division, the Science and Technology Division, and the Intelligence Division. The Management Branch consists of the Communications, Logistics, Security, Finance, Medical Services, Personnel, Training and Education, and Data Processing Sections; the Operations Branch consists of the Counterintelligence, Foreign Intelligence, Covert Operations, and Central Coverage Sections, and the Evaluation, Plans, and Design Section,* * * which employs 6,000 people; the Intelligence Branch consists of the Management and Analysis, Weapons Control Intelligence, and Collections Requirements and Evaluation Sections, five regional offices, and five functional offices, plus a stand-alone center; and the Science and Technology Branch was established in 1962 and was then called the Research Branch.
Established in 1947. Headquartered in Langley, Virginia, it is the center of a global intelligence network. It has not only listening stations around the world, but also its own broadcasting facilities, aerial lines, space satellites, printing presses, and bases for training special forces, with a large staff of spies, agents and intelligence technicians.
On May 26, 2006, the U.S. Senate voted 78 to 15 to approve President George W. Bush's nomination of Air Force General Michael Hayden, then Deputy Director of National Intelligence, to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency. Hayden's nomination to become director of the Central Intelligence Agency.
The CIA is under the direct authority of the National Security Council. It also serves as a senior intelligence advisor to the President and Congress, and its current director is Michael Hayden. The current director is Michael Hayden. The Director is appointed by the President and approved by the Senate, is the coordinator of the U.S. intelligence agencies, is responsible for improving the work of the U.S. Intelligence Committee, to ensure that the President in making decisions, can fully grasp the first-hand situation. The main tasks of the Bureau of Intelligence are: ① open and secret ways and technical means, collect foreign military, political, economic, cultural and scientific and technological intelligence, and coordinate the work of domestic intelligence agencies. ② To analyze and evaluate intelligence for the President and to conduct espionage activities against other countries. Intelligence technicians are often highly educated or experts in certain fields. The agency's organization, personnel, funding, and activities are kept strictly secret, even from Congress.
Organization
The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) has now become an important agency of the United States engaged in intelligence analysis, covert personnel intelligence gathering and covert operations. The Director of Central Intelligence, who is also the Director of Central Intelligence, manages the activities of the entire U.S. Intelligence Community. The Directorate is organized into four major components, each headed by a Deputy Director, and six offices reporting directly to the Director and Deputy Director, the Office of the Comptroller General, the Office of the Inspector General, the Office of Equal Employment Opportunity, the Office of the Director of Personnel, and the Office of the Director of Policy and Programs. The four major components are: the Management Division, the Operations Division, the Science and Technology Division, and the Intelligence Division. The Management Branch consists of the Communications, Logistics, Security, Finance, Medical Services, Personnel, Training and Education, and Data Processing Sections; the Operations Branch consists of the Counterintelligence, Foreign Intelligence, Covert Operations, and Central Coverage Sections, and the Evaluation, Plans, and Design Section,* * * which employs 6,000 people; the Intelligence Branch consists of the Management and Analysis, Weapons Control Intelligence, and Collections Requirements and Evaluation Sections, five regional offices, and five functional offices, plus a stand-alone center; the Science and Technology Branch was established in 1962 and was then called the Research Branch.
Main Tasks
1. To collect foreign military, political, economic, cultural, scientific and technological intelligence by open and secret means and by technical means, and to coordinate the work of domestic intelligence agencies.
2. To analyze and evaluate intelligence for the President and conduct espionage and secret service activities against other countries. Intelligence technicians are mostly highly educated or experts in certain fields. The organization, personnel, funding and activities of the agency are strictly confidential, even Congress can not ask questions.
Functions
According to the U.S. Security Regulations introduced in 1947, the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), which has no domestic mission and no power of arrest, has the following five main functions:
1. To provide the National Security Council with the coordination of intelligence activities of government departments and agencies relating to national security;
2. To provide the National Security Council with the recommendations for the coordination of intelligence activities of all departments and agencies of the Government with respect to national security;
3. To communicate and evaluate intelligence relating to national security and to provide useful agencies and facilities in appropriate locations for the proper dissemination of intelligence within the Government;
4. To perform ancillary services of * * * equal concern for the benefit of the existing intelligence agencies in order to carry out the more effective and concentrated implementation of the decisions of the National Security Committee decisions;
5. Perform such other functions and duties relating to intelligence affecting national security as may be readily directed by the National Security Council.
Great Events
The CIA carries out its mission by means of human reconnaissance and technical surveillance, open-channel intelligence collection, and physical equipment development and seek operations. Intelligence sources included spies, embassy employees, convicted fugitives, immigrants and tourists. For example, in the 1960s, the United States Central Intelligence Agency conducted an operation in Indonesia called "Habrink". The spies infiltrated a warehouse containing SAM-2 missiles, removed the guidance system from one of the missiles, and smuggled it out.In the early 1980s, the CIA developed a Polish Army Command colonel as a spy. All of the Polish Army Command's secret operational plans were leaked by the colonel.
Difference between the Central Intelligence Agency and the FBI
The CIA is subordinate to the National Security Council (NSC), and its main task is to collect foreign political, cultural, scientific and technological intelligence, both openly and secretly, to coordinate the activities of domestic intelligence agencies, and to provide reports and information to the President and the NSC.
The FBI is part of the Department of Justice, and its primary mission is to investigate violations of federal criminal law, to support the law, to protect the United States in its investigations of intelligence and terrorist activities from foreign countries, to assist federal, state, local, and international agencies in their leadership and enforcement of the law, and to perform its duties in a manner responsive to the needs of the public and in fidelity to the Constitution of the United States.
Most importantly, the CIA does not have the power to arrest people domestically.