1. Control budget in design
The preparation of construction project budget should first affect the design from the economic point of view, and each design scheme should be evaluated by the project cost personnel, and the design of construction drawings should be measured and controlled by preparing the design budget of construction drawings, which can be used as a reference for the construction unit and the design unit to determine the design limit. Under the condition of not affecting the function, reduce the cost as much as possible, put forward reasonable suggestions, and finally select the best design scheme on this basis. To change the economic concept of designers, it is necessary to overcome the phenomenon that some designs do not combine the regional facts and unilaterally pursue high standards. One-sided pursuit of high standards, we must modify the design. Therefore, only by doing a good job in budget preparation and audit can we ensure the quality of engineering design, reduce the engineering cost and achieve the purpose of advanced technology, economic rationality, safety and practicality.
2. Do a good job in compiling the project cost budget. Controlling the budget
Engineering quantity is one of the reasons that affect the project cost budget. Whether the calculation is correct or not will have a great impact on the project cost index. On the basis of comprehensive consideration of the characteristics of the construction organization of the project, we should first do a good job in the preparatory work, collect relevant materials such as the project investigation report, topographic survey map, construction design drawings, and various standard atlases, go deep into the site investigation, investigate the construction environment, and study the construction scheme, so as to understand the current construction project budget quota, charging standard, unified engineering quantity calculation rules and material budget price. Grasp the first-hand information of the construction project site as much as possible, and control the project cost budget. For pile foundation projects and relatively complex insulation and anti-corrosion projects that have a great impact on the total project cost, special attention should be paid to the problem of missing items in the work content. Strictly follow the list valuation range, master the project construction process, improve the work content, avoid adding project changes in the construction process as much as possible, and ensure the effective control of the budget cost.
3. Grasp the market dynamics of factor prices
There are many kinds of equipment and materials needed for construction projects, and the prices are different. The cost of purchasing equipment and materials accounts for a large proportion in the cost composition, and the proportion of materials and labor costs in the total price is generally 6% ~8%. Therefore, the dynamic change of prices in the market directly affects the project budget and is also a very important factor in contract risks. The construction unit should pay attention to the risks brought by its dynamic change. The project cost compilers are required to be aware of the variety, specifications, performance and price of equipment and materials. When bidding, we must know the market price in time and predict its changing trend, so as to make the quotation accurate and reasonable and reduce the potential factors of risk. In the implementation, we should pay close attention to it, do a good job in dynamic analysis, adjust the material order in time according to market changes, determine the reasonable factor price, and reduce risks. The transaction price of unrealized products, only the settlement cost of completed projects can truly represent the market price. Therefore, in terms of data collection, the project cost personnel should predict and analyze the cost indicators of specific projects, control the requirements of the three elements of the contract, quality and cost, and the corresponding liability for breach of contract, so as to create favorable conditions for the implementation of the contract.
4. Improve the quality of project cost budget management personnel
Construction project cost budget puts forward higher requirements for cost budget management personnel, who should master the professional knowledge of project budget, relevant laws, regulations and policies, and be familiar with the knowledge of design, materials and equipment procurement, site technology, overall structure of the project, investment analysis and control, etc. The project cost budget work is also a long-term work, with many work items and very detailed requirements. Even people who are very familiar with the cost budget will inevitably have some omissions and intractable problems. In addition, new materials and technologies are constantly emerging, and they must continue to learn to better complete their tasks. Be sure to have a thorough understanding of drawings, local regulatory documents and local characteristics. Cost budget management personnel have to go deep into the front line of the project, because the actual situation on the spot is sometimes very different from that on the drawings. For example, if there is a karst cave under the hole pile, it needs to be treated with filling materials. The size and geological conditions of the karst cave are decisive factors to determine the amount of materials used. We should understand and master the feasibility study, preliminary design, comprehensive design, engineering construction, equipment installation and other work in the whole process of engineering construction. Therefore, the project cost budget management personnel should have excellent professional basic skills and good professional ethics. Employers should care about the training of budget management personnel and build a platform for the further study and improvement of cost budget management personnel.
5. Implement the management mode of combining "static" with "dynamic"
"static" management is the unified management of labor, materials, machinery shifts and consumption in the practice of cost budgeting, and there is a unified legal quota in the whole country, which is a fixed number. However, the labor and materials in the market are constantly changing, and the whole market is "dynamic". A single "static" quota budget will inevitably lead to an increase in engineering risk investment. In particular, the market of talents and materials fluctuates very frequently, and there is a big difference between urban and rural areas. The difference between the budgeted price and the actual price in the quota increases, so it is necessary to introduce a management model combining "static" and "dynamic" to control the policy changes and price fluctuations in the market economy.
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