[Thesis Abstract] To comprehensively and accurately grasp the profound connotation of the scientific concept of development, and always adhere to the scientific concept of development to guide the county's economic development, innovation and development ideas, the development of modern agriculture, promote industrialization, improve the proportion of the service industry and the level of the overall urban and rural development, and the construction of a new socialist countryside
The scientific concept of development reveals the laws and nature of accelerated development, scientific development, harmonious development, sustainable development, and puts forward the scientific method of realizing good and fast development, which is a scientific theoretical system on a series of major issues such as the direction of development, development goals, development concepts, development strategies, and development paths. Development is first and foremost about economic development. Adhering to economic construction as the center and solving problems in the way forward by development is a basic experience of our Party in leading the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Only by accelerating economic development can we provide a solid material basis for solving various problems. Currently, the main problem of economic development does not lie in the speed, but in improving the quality of economic growth and the sustainability of development, the focus of the county's economic development is to comprehensively implement the scientific concept of development, the scientific concept of development to lead the county's economic development.
I, the development of modern agriculture. Compact new rural construction of industrial support
Currently, the main body of China's counties are rural areas, the Central Document No. 1 in 2007 pointed out that: "the development of modern agriculture is the primary task of the construction of a new socialist countryside, the scientific concept of development is the inevitable requirement to lead the work of the rural areas". Without modern agriculture, the construction of new rural areas will lose important industrial support. China's agricultural development has entered a new stage of development, the outstanding contradictions and challenges faced are mainly, agricultural supply varieties and quality structure does not meet the market demand; small farmers scattered operations do not form a large scale, can not directly enter the socialized market; agricultural production and marketing of each link is fragmented, the overall efficiency of the low, can not adapt to the needs of the farmers to increase their incomes. In view of the above problems, under the guidance of the overall strategy of building a new socialist countryside, we should use modern development concepts to guide agriculture, use modern science and technology to transform agriculture, use modern forms of management to develop agriculture, use modern material conditions to equip agriculture, increase agricultural investment, integrate financial resources, provide financial support for the development of modern agriculture, vigorously improve the ability of agricultural science and technology innovation and transformation, increase the scientific and technological content of agriculture and improve the comprehensive production capacity and value-added capacity of agriculture. Comprehensive agricultural production capacity and value-added capacity.
We should adjust and optimize the structure of the agricultural industry in accordance with the requirements of high-yield, high-quality, high-efficiency, ecology and safety, accelerate the construction of industrial belts of advantageous agricultural products, actively develop characteristic agriculture, green food and ecological agriculture, protect famous brands of agricultural products, and strengthen the leading industries; we should vigorously develop animal husbandry in accordance with local conditions, expand the scale of subsidies for good breeds of livestock and poultry, popularize healthy breeding methods, and strengthen the prevention and control of animal epidemics, especially the Avian flu and other major epidemics, strengthen the infrastructure of prevention and control, and improve the emergency response mechanism for outbreaks of epidemics; actively develop the aquaculture industry, expand the breeding of high-quality aquatic products, develop offshore fishing, and protect fishery resources. At the same time, it is also necessary to promote the industrialization of agriculture, actively implement agricultural standardization, the development of conservation-oriented agriculture, improve the international competitiveness of agricultural products, and expand the export of horticulture, animal husbandry, aquaculture and other advantageous agricultural products according to local conditions.
Increase the added value of agricultural products while meeting market demand. Extend the agricultural industry chain, focusing on building an agricultural industrialized management system characterized by the integration of production, processing and marketing, solving the problem of linking the production and marketing of primary products and linking the production, processing and circulation of various links into a whole, so that the relevant links of the operation of the internalization of the integrated agricultural organization and service system, to guide and help farmers to embark on the road of specialization, socialization and intensification of production of commodities to form the economy of scale, and the overall Into the big socialized market; relying on the integrated agricultural management system, realize value-added processing, reduce intermediate links, reduce transaction costs, and improve the comparative efficiency of the agricultural industry; relying on the integrated management system will be part of the external economy into the internal economy, give full play to the synergistic effect of the organization and the industrial synergies, and construct a new benefit distribution mechanism, **** with the prevention of natural risks and market risks, to improve the efficiency of the farmers' operation, and increase the income of farmers. The farmers' income will be increased by improving the efficiency of farmers' operation.
Liberalizing the factors of production in rural areas, strongly supporting the development of farmers' professional economic cooperation organizations, further strengthening the Government's support and guidance for rural professional cooperative economic organizations, regulating the operation of professional economic cooperation organizations, establishing the status of legal person of economic cooperation organizations, and granting a certain period of time to the processing and circulation entities run by the professional economic cooperation organizations in the form of tax exemptions and preferential treatment and financial support, so that they can give full play to the role of professional economic cooperation organizations in revitalizing the circulation of agricultural products and the development of the economy of the country. Economic cooperation organizations to activate the circulation of agricultural products and the role of public **** services in rural areas.
Second, take the new road of industrialization. Promote the process of industrialization
Place industry in the county (city) the priority of the development of the strategic position, promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure to achieve industrialization is still a historical task in the process of China's modernization, in accordance with the requirements of a new type of industrialization road, adhere to the market as the guide, the main body of the enterprise, to enhance the ability of independent innovation as the central link, continue to give play to the competitive advantage of labor-intensive industry Advantage, adjust and optimize the product structure, enterprise organizational structure and industrial layout, enhance the overall technical level and comprehensive competitiveness of enterprises, and promote the county industry from small to large, from weak to strong. To adhere to the road of new industrialization, the realization of the expansion from the quantity of the main, to the quality of the improvement and structural optimization and upgrading of the fundamental transfer to the enterprise as the main body, play the role of the market mechanism, relying on the market allocation of resources, according to the carrying capacity of resources and environment adjustment of the industrial structure of the structure to achieve structural upgrading.
The fundamental reason for the irrationality of the county's industrial structure is the lack of independent innovation ability, to accelerate the transformation of the mode of economic development, as a scientific concept of development to lead the overall economic and social development, and to achieve a good and fast economic and social development in the county is an important focus, scientific and technological progress and innovation as a catalyst for sustained economic growth, to achieve an effective transformation of the mode of growth of the support, and to focus on enhancing the enterprise Original innovation ability and digestion and absorption and re-innovation ability, cultivate the core competitiveness of the county's industry, and improve the level of industrial technology. Science and technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are the main force of original innovation in the county, and it is necessary to increase the cultivation and support for SMEs in science and technology to enhance their original innovation vitality and power. Guide enterprises to increase the proportion of R & D investment, enhance the independent innovation ability of enterprises, create independent brands, relying on the accumulation of independent brands to expand technology R & D investment, improve the ability of original innovation, the formation of a virtuous cycle, sustainable development. Actively play the important role of private enterprises in independent innovation. Grow the main body of independent innovation. To improve the policy and regulatory system to incentivize innovation, and strive to cultivate and grow a group of original innovative enterprise groups. Different forms of investment, such as financial participation, subsidies, discounts, etc., should be used to invest funds into the scientific and technological innovation of enterprises; at the same time, enterprises should be mobilized to increase their investment in human capital and research and development by providing tax policies that are conducive to the production and operation activities of enterprises, including accelerated depreciation, investment tax credits, profit and loss offsets, tax deductions, preferential tax rates, and tax-free periods.
Adjustment and optimization of product structure, enterprise organizational structure and industrial layout. The optimization and upgrading of industrial structure includes the upgrading of product structure as well as the improvement of enterprise organizational structure and the optimization of industrial layout. To support the reorganization of enterprises, efforts to cultivate a number of leading enterprises with strong strength, wide radiation, high technology content, strong driving ability, give full play to the scale effect of leading enterprise groups and demonstration of the role of leading enterprises; to cultivate and grow a number of a certain scale and visibility, the development potential of a relatively large number of enterprises, enterprises bigger and stronger to improve the driving role. Implementing the growth project for small and medium-sized enterprises, giving full play to the role of small and medium-sized enterprises in independent innovation, job creation and meeting diversified needs. Eliminate backward technology and techniques in accordance with the law, and close down enterprises that damage resources, pollute the environment and do not have safe production conditions. Guiding the development of industrial clusters and optimizing industrial layout. For the current county part of the industry overcapacity, technology and equipment technology backward, serious environmental pollution, low industrial concentration and other unreasonable contradictions in the industry structure and outstanding issues, strengthen the policy guidance, through industrial policy to adjust the structure and layout of the industry. Strengthen the credit, land, environmental protection, power supply and other policies and industrial policy coordination and cooperation, strict control of industry surplus industry new projects, according to market demand, resource conditions and transportation conditions, a reasonable layout; in accordance with the promotion of upgrading the industrial structure, reasonable energy conservation, ecological and environmental protection principles, adjust and improve the corresponding policies, the establishment of the backward production capacity exit mechanism; fundamentally solve the deep-rooted contradictions triggered by the investment fever ; strengthen the development of the information market and guide the investment behavior of enterprises.
Rationally develop and economize the use of resources to improve the efficiency of resource utilization, curb environmental degradation, and take the science and technology-led, resource-saving, environmentally friendly road of economic development is the implementation of the scientific concept of development to achieve the inevitable requirements of the county's economic and rapid development. To comprehensively utilize various means to promote the rational development of resources and economic use. Give full play to the role of the market mechanism, the comprehensive use of economic, legal and administrative means necessary to establish and improve the incentives and constraints conducive to strengthening the role of policies and regulations and the corresponding institutional mechanism to promote resource conservation and rational use. The regulatory role of economic instruments such as prices and taxes will be strengthened by promoting reforms and improving policies. Actively and steadily accelerate the process of marketization of prices of resource products, and gradually establish a price formation mechanism reflecting the degree of scarcity of resources and market supply and demand, and give greater play to the fundamental role of the market in allocating resources in all aspects of the development, production, and use of resource products, applying the price mechanism to regulate the relationship between the supply of and demand for resources, and promoting the intensive use of resources.
To effectively do a good job of environmental protection. To coordinate the planning of population, resources, environment and development. According to the counties (cities, districts) of the population size, resource endowment, environmental capacity and socio-economic development level, to determine the direction of regional development, development priorities and development mode, optimize the regional layout of productive forces, and promote the overall coordinated and sustainable economic and social development.
Third, adhere to the direction of marketization, industrialization and socialization. Increase the proportion and level of the service industry
The service industry has the characteristics of less investment, low consumption, low pollution, high efficiency, and a large role in pulling employment, etc. Therefore, accelerating the development of the service industry is the urgent need to reduce the consumption of energy and resources, reduce the cost of transactions, improve the overall quality of the economy, and expand domestic demand and employment. In view of the outstanding problems of the lagging development of the service industry, should be put to accelerate the development of the service industry in the county's economic development in a prominent position, like the importance of agriculture, industry, as well as the importance of the development of the service industry. To adhere to the direction of marketization, industrialization, socialization, as the basic approach to accelerate the development of the service sector and the fundamental impetus. Promote part of the service industry resource allocation by the government-oriented to market-oriented change, break the monopoly, relax access to the field. Promote the transformation of service areas that should be operated by enterprises from government-run to enterprise-run. Promote logistics services from enterprises and institutions self-service to social service-oriented change. Broaden the field, expand the scale, optimize the structure, enhance the function, regulate the market, and increase the proportion and level of the service industry.
Vigorously develop modern service industry, reorganize and transform the traditional service industry, according to the characteristics of different industries, the implementation of classified guidance to improve the quality and level of development of the service industry. Priority should be given to the development of productive service industry. The integration of modern manufacturing and service industries has become an important trend in contemporary economic development, the level of manufacturing and profits, more reflected in human resources development, research and development and marketing and other service areas. For the current counties (cities and districts) the lack of development of productive services, we should focus on giving priority to the development of transportation, modern logistics, financial services, information services, business services and other productive services, the use of modern business methods and information technology to transform and upgrade the traditional service industry, to increase the proportion and level of the service industry. For traditional service industries such as commerce, trade and catering, which have large employment capacity and are closely related to people's lives, they should be transformed and upgraded by applying advanced and applicable technologies and modern business methods on the basis of full competition; for knowledge-intensive emerging service industries such as accounting, lawyering and consulting, which play an intermediary role in the market, they should be regulated to realize orderly development; for service industries such as finance, insurance and telecommunications, which are related to the state's economy, people's livelihood and the country's economic security, market access should be liberalized and market access should be enhanced. Services, to relax market access, and effective supervision; to improve the quality of national education, culture and health and other services to enhance the country's development potential, to increase support and improve the development mechanism. Fourth, accelerate the development and construction of small towns. Promote industrial agglomeration and population transfer
Small towns on agriculture and rural economy has an important radiation-driven role, is the integration of urban and rural development to improve the county's economy is an important carrier. To take the construction of small towns as an important part of the development of the county economy, promote the construction of small towns, promote industrial agglomeration and rural population transfer.
To scientific planning, rational layout. Planning should be in line with the local water and soil resources, environmental capacity, geological structure and other natural carrying capacity, and should be compatible with economic development, employment space, infrastructure and public **** service supply capacity. To highlight the characteristics, steady progress, with a scientific attitude and long-term vision, a high starting point, high standards of town construction planning. To adhere to the development concept of strengthening the central towns, diluting the general towns, and to strive to improve the quality of small towns rather than the number of important ideas for the development of county towns, the establishment of county towns system, the county town is a county's political and economic centers, the basis of relatively good should focus on the development of the county's competitiveness as the core of the county, select the central town with location advantages, transportation advantages, resource advantages or scale advantages of 3 to 5 Priority development. To improve the functional positioning of the town, relying on its own advantages, focusing on the construction of a number of industrial-type, trade-type, tourism-type small towns with their own characteristics of the group; to industry to develop the town. On the one hand, to guide private enterprises and various types of agricultural products market to small towns to concentrate on the development of the formation of industrial clusters, on the other hand, to strengthen the construction of small towns, to attract investment and project construction to provide a carrier for the development of industrial clusters, the formation of agglomeration effect. Counties rich in natural resources should develop industries based on local resources, and transform potential resource endowment advantages into realistic competitiveness. Counties rich in agricultural resources should develop modern agriculture and prosperous towns. Counties rich in natural and human resources should take tourism and sightseeing as the pillar industries and develop related service industries around tourism. Counties rich in mineral resources should take mining and processing of mineral products as the main industry, and strive to improve the added value of products under the premise of protecting the environment and ecology, so as to provide more accumulation for the county's economic development. Counties with location advantages around large and medium-sized cities can develop industries supporting services for large and medium-sized cities and labor-intensive industries with advantages, and strive to join the modern industrial cycle and become an integral part of the development of large and medium-sized cities. At the same time, actively undertake the transfer of large and medium-sized cities to the downstream industries, the use of county human resources, land resource advantages, and grow the county urban economy; to use market mechanisms to develop and build. In accordance with the principle of "who invests, who operates, who benefits", to guide the collective, individual, private enterprises and other investment bodies, in various forms of participation in the development and construction of small towns; to improve the development of the institutional mechanism of urbanization. The government should create a healthy development of urbanization of the institutional environment, policy environment and planning environment, actively and steadily promote the reform of urban and rural management system, to promote the construction of small towns and promote industrial agglomeration and population transfer to provide institutional safeguards.
V. Integration of urban and rural development, the construction of a new socialist countryside
The construction of a new socialist countryside is the centralized embodiment of the Party Central Committee's basic ideas and thoughts on comprehensively implementing the scientific concept of development and solving the problem of the "Three Rural Issues" since the 16th National Congress, and it is the first step in solving the "Three Rural Issues". It is a new concept to solve the problem of "three rural areas", and integrating the economic and social development of urban and rural areas is the basic strategy to promote the construction of new socialist countryside.
To integrate urban and rural development as the basic strategy to promote the construction of new rural areas. In the 30 years of reform and opening up, China's national economy has developed at a high speed and has entered a new stage of integrated urban and rural development. Since the 16th National Congress, the central government in accordance with the objective requirements of China's economic and social development, made a timely "integrated urban and rural development" important judgment. To coordinate urban and rural development means to put the agricultural and rural economies into the overall situation of national economic development; to put rural social undertakings into the overall process of building a moderately prosperous society; to give full play to the role of the city in driving the countryside, so that urban and rural residents can enjoy the fruits of reform and development; and to break the pattern of urban and rural division, which is basically characterized by the dual structure, and to vigorously push forward the process of urban-rural integration, so as to ultimately establish a system in which urban and rural areas complement each other. It is to break the pattern of urban-rural division that is the basic feature of the dual structure, and to vigorously promote the process of urban-rural integration, ultimately establishing a new pattern of economic and social development in which the urban and rural areas are complementary and mutually reinforcing, and in which they *** make progress together, equally and harmoniously. The contradiction between the overpopulation of rural areas and the limited resources available for agricultural production is the root cause of the problem of the "three rural issues", which can be resolved within agriculture and rural areas at the stage of solving the problem of food and clothing. In the process of building a moderately affluent society in an all-round way, the solution to the "three rural issues" must go beyond the agricultural and rural levels and adhere to the basic strategy of integrating the economic and social development of urban and rural areas. Therefore, it is necessary to actively and steadily promote urbanization, industrialization and industrialization, as well as solidly and steadily promote the construction of new socialist countryside.
Taking the development of production as the primary task of new rural construction. The primary task of new rural construction is to develop production. Only by constantly reinforcing the industrial support of the countryside, strengthening the strength and competitiveness of agriculture and the countryside, and constantly increasing the income of farmers, can we lay a solid material foundation for the overall development of rural society and farmers. The mainstay of China's rural economy at this stage is the agricultural economy and its by-products, so the development of agricultural productivity should be given top priority. According to the actual situation of each place, from the industrial point of view across the village, across the county, across the province, and even cross-country to expand their horizons, study the positioning of the local agricultural industry and the direction of development, the construction of modern agricultural demonstration parks, districts, and extend the formation of the value chain, the ecological chain is consistent with the production, processing, circulation, research and development of a one-stop industrial chain, to enhance the comprehensive productivity of agriculture, and to promote the transformation of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture.
Taking ecological environmental protection as a prerequisite for new rural development. Strengthen ecological protection to control unreasonable resource development. Adhere to the ecological construction and protection of equal importance, focusing on the control of man-made destruction. Strictly control the development and construction activities that destroy the surface vegetation, focusing on controlling land degradation and grassland desertification in the intertwined areas of agriculture and animal husbandry, and reducing the pressure on food production in the intertwined areas of agriculture and animal husbandry; and in the areas with poor natural environments and fragile ecosystems, to realize the "sand retreat" by the "retreat of the people"; Strengthen environmental supervision of mineral resources development and tourism development, and prevent new damage. Deal with the relationship between water resources development and utilization and ecological preservation, regulate water-related behaviors, determine development based on water, and maintain healthy river ecosystems in terms of water conservation, rational development of water resources, prevention of water pollution, and protection of biodiversity; develop disaster-avoidance economies adapted to floods and droughts, and ensure ecological water use in rivers; and, in arid and semi-arid areas, strictly control the construction of water-related projects, and all construction projects should be fully justified. . Strengthen the construction and management of ecological function areas and nature reserves. Regulate the behavior of marine development, and strengthen the ecological protection of typical marine ecosystems and islands and coastal zones.
Actively carrying out the rural environmental protection action plan, mobilizing and organizing farmers to participate in the comprehensive improvement of the rural environment, to focus on garbage, sewage and other treatment, to solve the rural "dirty, messy, poor" problem. Prevention and control of soil pollution, strict control of major food production and vegetable basket base of dirty irrigation, change the use of persistent organic pollutants and heavy metal pollution exceeding the standard of arable land; prevention and control of agricultural film pollution of arable land, strictly prohibit hazardous wastes from occupying the arable land; to reduce the predatory development of the land, the rational use of pesticides, fertilizers, to reduce the contamination of food, vegetables; and actively develop water-saving agriculture and eco-agriculture, and to increase the pollution management of the aquaculture industry The efforts of the government are not limited to the following.
To cultivate new farmers as the key to the construction of new rural areas. New rural construction farmers are the main body, the construction of new rural areas to improve the production and living conditions of the majority of rural areas and the overall outlook, relying on farmers and national policy support. Therefore, cultivating a large number of new farmers with high comprehensive quality, strong management ability and quick market response is the key to building a new socialist countryside. To strengthen rural education and skills training, improve farmers' labor skills and ability to participate in market competition, improve the overall quality and overall competitiveness of farmers, training and creating new farmers who are educated, technically literate and able to operate.
Increase agricultural and rural inputs as a necessary condition for the construction of new rural areas. Increase the income of farmers to improve the lives of farmers is the purpose of the construction of new rural areas and the starting point, we must focus on the establishment of long-term mechanism to promote agriculture, city with the countryside. We will continue to increase financial investment in agriculture, rural areas and farmers, gradually reduce subsidies for the distribution chain, and establish a direct subsidy system for farmers. Strengthen the construction of rural infrastructure, focusing on the construction of rural water, roads and electricity. The spirit of more give and take to liberalize, and promote the free flow of factors of production in rural areas in both urban and rural areas.
To establish and improve the rural public **** service system as the focus of promoting the construction of new rural areas. Basic rural public **** products are directly related to the farmers' right to subsistence and development, and to the long-term stability of rural society. From a practical point of view, the serious imbalance between urban and rural public **** services and the serious lack of a rural public **** service system have become outstanding problems that hinder the integrated development of urban and rural areas. It is therefore necessary to make the expansion of the coverage of rural public **** services and the establishment of a sound rural public **** service system a priority in integrating urban and rural development and in promoting the construction of new rural areas, and it is therefore necessary to focus financial support for agriculture on the provision of basic public **** services for farmers, while at the same time increasing investment in rural infrastructure. In the future, new funds for education, health, culture and other endeavors should be used primarily in rural areas; the incremental increase in national capital construction funds should be used primarily in rural areas; and proceeds from land concessions for government expropriation should be used primarily in rural areas. It is necessary to establish a unified compulsory education system for both urban and rural areas; to speed up the establishment of a new type of rural cooperative medical system; to set up an initial nationwide system of minimum subsistence guarantees for rural areas; and to explore the establishment of an old-age security system that conforms to the characteristics of rural areas. We will continue to explore new ways of coordinated development of urban and rural areas under the conditions of a market economy, and endeavor to achieve a breakthrough in the establishment of a unified urban and rural public ****service system.