These environments have an impact on pregnant women. It is a very happy thing to be pregnant with the crystallization of love with the person you like. Every new life is full of hardships. Pregnant women have to bear the pain of pregnancy in October in order to successfully bring new life into this world. Let's take a look at the environment that affects pregnant women.
These environments have an impact on pregnant women. 1 (1) Lead has reproductive toxicity, embryotoxicity and teratogenicity. There is a dose-effect relationship of lead toxicity. Low-level lead exposure during pregnancy may lead to abnormal fetal development and premature delivery. High levels of lead exposure can lead to deformity and miscarriage. Cadmium is also a common environmental poison, which can enter the body through diet, smoking and occupational contact. Long-term accumulation can produce toxic effects.
(2) Trace element zinc is an essential trace element for the development of human nervous system, and participates in the synthesis of various enzymes, nucleic acids and protein in human body. Zinc deficiency will lead to synthesis disorder and affect fetal development. Folic acid deficiency will also affect the development of fetal nervous system. At present, folic acid supplementation before pregnancy has been widely accepted by everyone. In addition, the lack of iodine, iron and copper is also related to abortion, intrauterine growth retardation and stillbirth.
(3) Smoking Smoking, whether active or passive, nicotine inhaled by pregnant women can make placental blood vessels contract, and the oxygen content in fetal blood decreases, which may cause embryo abortion and fetal growth retardation. Studies have found that it is related to the incidence of fetal cleft lip and palate.
(4) Organic solvents Organic solvents are often encountered in our daily lives. Low-grade organic solvents for handicrafts such as printing, dry cleaning, painting, hair dye and nail polish remover are very common. However, some specific occupations, such as leather manufacturing, and even frequent exposure to high-concentration organic solvents will greatly increase the chances of abnormal reproductive system, abnormal development and mental and psychological disorders in pregnant women's offspring.
(5) Environmental pollutants Environmental pollutants, such as phthalates, are widely used in daily consumer goods, such as plastics, beauty products, building materials and children's toys. This environmental pollutant will lead to the decrease of sperm quantity and vitality in adult men. In the process of garbage incineration, a large number of polycyclic aromatic hydroxyl compounds will be released, which will increase the risk of birth defects.
(6) Agricultural poisons, agricultural poisons and pesticides. In areas with high pesticide use rate, the incidence of abnormalities in neonatal circulation and respiratory system, central nervous system and genitourinary system increased significantly.
(VII) Drinking water disinfection by-products Drinking water disinfection by-products are chloroform and chloroacetic acid produced after chlorine disinfection of drinking water, which have adverse effects on reproduction. Women drink more than 5 cups of cold tap water with high concentration of chloroform every day, and the risk of spontaneous abortion will increase significantly! It has been found that chloroform and chloroacetic acid can be removed from drinking water after boiling in a hot kettle.
(VIII) Drug effects: About 65,438+0-6% of birth defects are related to drugs, such as congenital deafness caused by long-term use of streptomycin, congenital cataract and short fingers caused by neomycin, and anencephaly, microcephaly, cleft lip and palate, hydrocephalus caused by anti-tumor drugs such as methotrexate, cyclophosphamide and phenytoin sodium.
These environments have an impact on pregnant women. The external environment has the following factors on the fetus: the influence of external environmental radiation, the influence of occupation and hobbies, and the influence of environmental pollution such as smoke or noise. From 18 to 20 days after conception, the fertilized egg may die and be excreted. After receiving X-ray 100-200 for 20-50 days of pregnancy, it can cause serious malformations such as fetal central nervous system, eyes and bones. Even a large number can lead to embryo death. Therefore, X-ray irradiation of abdomen should be prohibited in early pregnancy.
Others, such as ultrasound, should also be forbidden to do ultrasound examination in the first three months of pregnancy, because it is also easy to be affected in the first trimester of pregnancy and cause fetal malformation. Ultrasound examination after four or five months of pregnancy will not have any adverse effects on the fetus.
The occupation and bad habits of pregnant women will also have a certain impact on the fetus. If the pregnant woman is an anesthesiologist or an operating room nurse in the hospital, due to the professional nature, she often contacts narcotic drugs during pregnancy, which may lead to fetal malformation or miscarriage in the abdomen; Due to the toxic stimulation of nicotine, pregnant women with smoking hobbies suffer from fetal growth retardation.
Usually, various environmental factors enter the human body through the contact with environmental media (air, water and soil) in daily life or working conditions, such as polluted air and water and polluted food. Under special geological conditions, such as low iodine and high fluorine, water and crops will also be affected. Environmental pollutants usually exist in low concentrations, but they can gradually accumulate through the food chain and enter the human body in high concentrations.
What if the indoor environment is not good?
While people enjoy the convenience brought by industrialized production, unknown toxic pollution comes quietly, which not only affects human health, but also causes unpredictable damage to human reproductive function. A cohort study of more than 30,000 nurses conducted by Harvard University found that air pollutants may increase the incidence of infertility in men and women.
Pollutants can enter the human body through respiratory tract, digestive tract, skin and other ways, resulting in embryonic toxicity and teratogenicity. The incidence of infertility, abortion, premature delivery, fetal growth retardation and offspring malformation has increased significantly compared with before, which has caused a heavy burden to families and society.
Widely used in the plastic industry, such as baby plastic bottles, cups, medical devices and food packaging lining. However, it is found that bisphenol A can mimic estrogen, and human exposure to bisphenol A in the environment may be related to diseases such as polycystic ovary syndrome, habitual abortion, complex endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer, which may lead to female infertility or pregnancy difficulties.
Those environments affect pregnant women 3 1, and the room should be clean and tidy.
A quiet, comfortable, not crowded, not dark and ventilated room is the most ideal home environment. It is best to keep the living room at a certain temperature, preferably 20℃-22℃. Excessive temperature makes people dizzy, listless, sleepy or restless; The temperature is too low, making people feel cold and easy to catch a cold. In summer, you can ventilate and cool down, and you can also use an electric fan, but don't directly face your mother, let alone blow it directly for a long time. In winter, heating can be used to raise the temperature, and electric wind can also be used. But be sure to pay attention to heating with electric wind to prevent burns.
2. Expectant mothers should be safe in their daily life.
Common items should be placed within reach of expectant mothers. Clean things under the bed and on the wardrobe, and adjust the position of kitchen utensils. It is best not to decorate the bedroom until you are ready to get pregnant. If it is decoration, it is best to move in after 3-6 months of decoration, otherwise it will easily lead to miscarriage or fetal malformation.
3. Solve the problems of sun exposure and indoor heat preservation.
Insufficient sunlight will lead to insufficient synthesis of vitamin D in the body, which will affect the body's absorption of calcium, easily lead to leg cramps of expectant mothers during pregnancy, and also affect the baby's bone development. If the room is not only dark and humid, it will also increase the incidence of postpartum diseases of new mothers, such as joint diseases; Changing diapers in dark, humid and cold conditions will make babies more susceptible to colds. Therefore, it is very necessary to keep indoor sunshine.
If the housing conditions are not good, try to solve the indoor lighting problem, such as avoiding the influence of tall trees outside and scrubbing the glass windows more cleanly, which can increase the indoor lighting effect. In winter, housing needs to solve the problem of heat preservation, but heating equipment should be added to maintain the house.
4. Color matching in the living room
Color will have obvious influence on people's psychology. You can choose the color that the expectant mother likes to decorate the room to make the expectant mother feel comfortable.
If you feel that the layout of the room is monotonous, you might as well decorate it with some artworks. If the room is small and full of things, it makes people feel crowded and nervous. You may as well use beautiful and pleasant landscape pictures or oil paintings to broaden the visual experience, which can help expectant mothers forget their nervousness and fatigue and relieve their worries and troubles. In addition, lively and lovely dolls help to connect the emotional bond between expectant mothers and fetuses. It can also bring vitality to the bedroom life of expectant mothers, such as planting flowers and plants on the balcony, raising fish and insects, and making the bedroom full of vitality.
5. The humidity in the living room is also very important.
50% air humidity is most suitable for expectant mothers and fetuses. The humidity is too low, which makes people thirsty, stuffy nose bleeding and immunity decline; The humidity is too high, resulting in wet bedding and sore joints. When the room is too dry, you can put a wet towel on the heater, or put a kettle or sprinkle water on the stove; If the room is too humid, you can put something with dehumidification effect, such as bamboo charcoal, or you can always open the door for ventilation to reduce indoor humidity.
6. The living room should have good sound stimulation.
Noise is not conducive to the health of expectant mothers and the development of the fetus. It will upset the expectant mother and reduce her hearing; Make the fetus uneasy, premature delivery, and even affect the development of the fetal brain. However, being too quiet is not good for eugenics. Too much silence will make expectant mothers feel lonely and will make the fetus lose its auditory stimulation. Therefore, there should be good sound stimulation in the bedroom, and more relaxed, cheerful or beautiful music can be played, which not only helps to relieve anxiety during pregnancy, but also helps prenatal education during pregnancy.