First of all, under the popular science, the administrative divisions of Chinese government agencies are divided into "national level, provincial and ministerial level, bureau level, county level and township level", which is often referred to as "state, department, office, department and branch", and all levels are divided into deputies. Take the common government agencies in the medical industry as an example: at the national level, People's Republic of China (PRC) and the State Council, that is, the Central People's Government, are the executive organs of the highest organs of state power, and the National Health Commission, the National Medical Insurance Bureau and the State Administration of Market Supervision, which we often say, are all their constituent departments or directly affiliated institutions.
Provincial and ministerial level: As the constituent departments and directly affiliated institutions of the State Council, National Health Commission and the State Administration of Market Supervision are both ministerial-level units (the National Medical Insurance Bureau is the vice-ministerial level). Some national bureaus managed by ministries and commissions in the State Council, such as state administration of traditional chinese medicine (managed by the National Health and Wellness Commission) and the State Administration of Pharmaceutical Products (managed by the State Administration of Market Supervision), are all deputy ministerial units.
Secretary-level: Some departments within ministries and commissions, such as the Medical Administration Department under the Health and Health Commission and the Price Department under the National Development and Reform Commission, are all department-level departments. The health committees of provinces and municipalities directly under the central government belong to the provincial administrative units and are also at this level.
County level: The Municipal Health Bureau is a subordinate unit of the municipal government and is subordinate to the county level.
Township level: For example, the Information Department under the Health Bureau of XX City belongs to the township level.
Next, according to the logic of the linkage of the three hospitals (medical treatment, medicine and medical insurance), this paper introduces in detail the functional orientation of these government agencies and the cooperative relationship with other institutions:
National Health and Wellness Committee (Medical Reform Office, Hospital Authority, Pharmacy Administration Department, state administration of traditional chinese medicine)
Medicine State Administration of Pharmaceutical Products (formerly the State Food and Drug Administration (CFDA), after the separation of food and drug functions, the newly established National Administration of Pharmaceutical Products (NMPA) is subordinate to the State Administration of Market Supervision))
Medical insurance bureau, a medical insurance country (formerly Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, now the people's social security and medical insurance are separated and are equivalent departments).
Second, medical care-National Health and Wellness Committee
The National Health and Wellness Commission, also known as the National Health Commission, is a constituent unit of the State Council with ministerial status. Implement the principles, policies and decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee on health and health work, and uphold and strengthen the centralized and unified leadership of the Party on health and health work in the process of performing its duties. Organize the formulation of national health policies, coordinate and promote the deepening of medical and health system reform, implement disease prevention and control plans, formulate national drug policies and basic drug systems, and formulate medical institutions &; Measures for the administration of medical service industry and supervise their implementation, guide local health work and manage state administration of traditional chinese medicine.
Internal structure and management organization
1. Internal organization (partial)
The National Health and Wellness Committee has 65,438+09 institutions, which usually appear in general policies: the Department of Planning, Development and Information Technology, the Department of Medical Management, the Department of Aging Health, the Department of Maternal and Child Health and the Department of Occupational Health.
2. Management organization (part)
We often say that the Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (state administration of traditional chinese medicine-deputy ministerial level) and Disease Control (National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention-deputy ministerial level) are both national bureaus managed by the National Health and Wellness Committee.
Cooperation mechanism (part)
1. National Development and Reform Commission
The National Health and Wellness Commission is responsible for carrying out population monitoring and early warning, formulating fertility policies, studying and proposing policy suggestions on the quantity, quality, structure and distribution of population related to fertility, promoting the convergence of fertility policies with relevant economic and social policies, participating in the formulation of population development plans and policies, and implementing relevant tasks in the national population development plan. The National Development and Reform Commission is responsible for organizing, monitoring and evaluating the impact of population changes and trends, establishing a population forecasting system, carrying out population impact assessment of major decisions, improving the consultation mechanism of major population policies, studying and proposing national population development strategies, formulating population development plans and population policies, studying and putting forward opinions on the coordinated and sustainable development of population, economy, society, resources and environment, and putting forward policy suggestions for promoting the long-term balanced development of the population as a whole.
2. State Administration of Market Supervision
The National Health and Wellness Commission is responsible for food safety risk assessment, and jointly with the State Administration of Market Supervision and other departments, formulate and implement a food safety risk monitoring plan. If the National Health and Wellness Committee finds that food may have potential safety hazards through food safety risk monitoring or receiving reports, it shall immediately organize inspection and food safety risk assessment, and timely inform the State Administration of Market Supervision and other departments of the results of food safety risk assessment, and the State Administration of Market Supervision and other departments shall immediately take measures against the food that comes to the unsafe conclusion. If the State Administration of Market Supervision and other departments find it necessary to carry out food safety risk assessment in the supervision and management work, they shall make suggestions to the National Health and Wellness Committee in a timely manner.
3. National Health Insurance Bureau
National Health Commission, the State Medical Insurance Bureau and other departments have strengthened the system and policy convergence in medical care, medical insurance and medicine, established communication and consultation mechanisms, and jointly promoted reforms to improve the utilization efficiency of medical resources and the level of medical security.
4. National Medical Products Administration (US Food and Drug Administration)
The State Drug Administration, together with the National Health and Wellness Commission, organized the National Pharmacopoeia Committee, formulated the National Pharmacopoeia, and established a mutual notification mechanism and a joint disposal mechanism for major adverse drug reactions and medical device adverse events.
Three. Medicine-State Administration of Market Supervision
It is a constituent unit of the State Council with ministerial status. Responsible for comprehensive supervision and management of the market, unified registration of market subjects, unified monopoly law enforcement, supervision and management of market order, comprehensive coordination of food safety supervision and management, and management of the State Administration of Pharmaceutical Products and China National Intellectual Property Administration.
1. Internal organization (partial)
Food production safety supervision and management department. Analyze and master the food safety situation in the production field, formulate the system measures for food production supervision and management and food producers to implement the main responsibility, and organize their implementation. Guide enterprises to establish and improve the food safety traceability system.
Food business safety supervision and management department. Analyze and master the food safety situation in the field of circulation and catering services, formulate institutional measures for the supervision and management of food circulation, catering services, market sales of edible agricultural products and the implementation of the main responsibilities of food operators, organize the implementation and guide the supervision and inspection work. To guide the food safety guarantee work of major events. Organize to investigate and deal with relevant major illegal acts.
Special food safety supervision and management department. Analyze and master the safety status of special foods such as health food, formula food for special medical purposes, infant formula milk powder, etc., formulate institutional measures for registration, filing, supervision and management of special foods and organize their implementation. Organize to investigate and deal with relevant major illegal acts.
2. Management organization (part)
The State Administration of Pharmaceutical Products is managed by the State Administration of Market Supervision. Responsible for the registration management, standard management and quality management of drugs, medical devices and cosmetics; Responsible for the management of licensed pharmacist qualification access. The State Administration of Pharmaceutical Products is responsible for formulating the regulatory system for drugs, medical devices and cosmetics, and for licensing, inspection and punishment of the development of drugs, medical devices and cosmetics. Market supervision implements hierarchical management, and drug regulatory agencies are only located at the provincial level. The supervision of drug sales and other behaviors shall be undertaken by the municipal and county market supervision departments. Provincial drug supervision and management departments are responsible for the licensing, inspection and punishment of drugs, medical devices and cosmetics production, as well as the registration, inspection and punishment of drug wholesale licenses, retail chain headquarters licenses and third-party platforms for Internet sales. The market supervision and management departments at the city and county levels are responsible for the licensing, inspection and punishment of drug retail and medical device business, as well as the inspection and punishment of cosmetics business and the use quality of drugs and medical devices.
Fourth, medical insurance-National Health Insurance Bureau.
People's Republic of China (PRC) National Health Insurance Bureau is directly under the State Council. Responsible for the formulation of medical insurance financing and treatment policies; To organize the formulation of policies on the prices of drugs and medical consumables, medical service items and charges for medical service facilities; To formulate bidding and purchasing policies for drugs and medical consumables and supervise their implementation; Guide the construction of bidding and purchasing platform for drugs and medical consumables; Supervise and manage the medical services and medical expenses included in medical insurance, and investigate and deal with illegal acts in the field of medical security according to law.
1. Internal organization (partial)
Department of treatment and security (formulating policies on financing and treatment of medical security, and coordinating treatment standards of urban and rural medical security)
Medical service management department (formulate medical insurance catalogue and payment standard, establish dynamic adjustment mechanism, formulate medical insurance catalogue access negotiation rules and organize their implementation. Formulate medical insurance agreements and payment management of designated medical institutions, management measures and settlement policies for medical treatment in different places. Organize and promote the reform of medical insurance payment methods)
Department of Pharmaceutical Price and Bidding Procurement (to formulate policies on the price of drugs and medical consumables, medical service items and charges for medical service facilities and organize their implementation, and establish a system for price information monitoring and information release. Formulate the bidding, procurement, distribution and settlement management policies for drugs and medical consumables and supervise their implementation, and promote the construction of bidding and procurement platform)
Fund supervision department (formulate measures for the supervision and management of medical insurance funds and organize their implementation. Supervise and manage medical services and medical expenses included in the scope of medical insurance payment, standardize medical insurance handling business, and investigate and deal with illegal acts in the field of medical insurance according to law.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) frequently asked questions
1. Health Planning Commission or Health and Health Commission?
Health and wellness committee. 2065438+In March 2008, the 13th National People's Congress deliberated and passed that the National Health and Family Planning Commission (the former Health Planning Commission) was no longer retained, and the National Health and Wellness Commission (now the National Health Commission) was established. This also marks the transformation of China's medical and health undertakings from paying attention to the treatment of mass diseases to paying attention to people's life and health and building a healthy China.
The statement that the Health Planning Commission changed its name to the Health and Health Commission is not rigorous enough. Part of the functions of the former Health Planning Commission will be dispersed to other ministries, such as the responsibilities of the new rural cooperative will be assigned to the National Health Insurance Bureau.
2. Who will issue the Internet hospital license?
The so-called internet hospital license is actually the second name of the institution name on the practice license of hospital-medical institution, so whoever issues the license belongs to the issuing authority of the medical institution license, usually the local health and wellness commission (XX Provincial Health and Wellness Commission, XX Municipal Health and Health Bureau).
Who will decide the price of medical service?
Take the price of medical services in internet plus as an example. When government pricing is implemented, it is usually decided by the medical insurance bureau. When landing, the strategies of different provinces will be different, depending on the policies of each province.
4. Who owns this hospital?
Health and wellness committee. More precisely, it is the internal organization of the National Health and Wellness Committee-the Department of Medical Administration (formerly the Medical Administration Hospital Authority, on June 24, 2022, the Medical Administration Hospital Authority of the National Health and Wellness Committee was renamed as the Department of Medical Administration, responsible for formulating and supervising the implementation of management policies and standards for medical institutions and medical personnel, medical technology application, medical quality and medical services, and promoting the development of mental health and mental health, nursing and rehabilitation; Formulate the operation supervision, performance evaluation and assessment system of public hospitals.
5. Social security and medical insurance?
Social security is a general term for medical insurance and other social security types (endowment insurance, unemployment insurance, industrial injury insurance, maternity insurance, etc.). ).
6. Are the social security card and the medical insurance card the same card?
The medical insurance card is the voucher for the insured to see a doctor every day. Social security cards are uniformly planned and issued by the Social Security Bureau. The medical insurance card and social security card are not necessarily one, and in some places there are two separate cards, but they can be used when seeking medical treatment. The electronic medical insurance card is issued by the national medical insurance information platform.