1. Load calculation is the basis for the design of the power supply system.
1) through the load calculation, the use of the best load factor method to determine the capacity of the transformer, select the technical parameters of the transformer and the system switching equipment, to ensure that the system is safe, reliable, and run in the economic mode of operation.
2) Improve the power factor and reduce the reactive power of the transformer.
2. Issues of concern in load calculation.
1) Positive deficiency constitutes the distribution system. The reasonableness of the design of the power supply and distribution system directly affects the system electrical equipment investment, operation and management, therefore, in addition to safeguarding personal safety, reliable power supply, technologically advanced, but also to test the actual operation of the system is economic and reasonable.
2) According to the coefficient of need method to determine the cross-section of the conductor just to meet the requirements of the conductor capacity heat and voltage loss, but also should be protected with the requirements of a comprehensive selection of the cross-section of the conductor.
3) system losses by line losses and transformer losses in two parts. According to the change in loss can be slid into variable loss and fixed loss
3 distribution system energy-saving measures
1) Distribution system voltage level determination: the selection of higher distribution voltage in-depth load center. Power equipment equipment capacity in 100KW and below or transformer capacity in 50KV-A and below, can be used 380/220V power supply; special circumstances can also be used 10KV power supply; for large-capacity power equipment (such as refrigeration units) should be used 10KV power supply.
2) Reasonable selection of power supply center: the transformer (substation) is set in the center of the load, you can reduce the length of the low-voltage side line, reduce line losses.
3) Reasonable selection of transformers: Selection of high-efficiency low-consumption transformers. Strive to make the actual load of the transformer close to the design of the best load, improve the technical and economic efficiency of the transformer, reduce transformer energy consumption.
4)Optimize the economic operation of the transformer: that is, the minimum loss of operation. Especially seasonal loads (such as air-conditioning units) or specialized equipment (such as body Ken building site lighting load), can consider setting up a special transformer to reduce transformer losses.
5) Reasonable choice of line path: load line as short as possible to reduce line losses.
Load calculation method. Power load calculation of civil buildings, basically using the unit index method. Demand coefficient method and load density method. Load density method is mainly applicable to planning and design. Schematic design stage can be used to determine the capacity and number of transformers using the unit index method. Preliminary design and construction drawing design stage is used in the demand coefficient method. Load calculation of the main elements are: equipment capacity, calculated capacity, calculated current.
Equipment capacity: also known as the installed capacity, is the user to install the rated capacity of all electrical equipment or rated power (equipment nameplate data) and. Calculated capacity: also known as the calculated load, the need for load, usually using the maximum average load of 30min, marking the user's maximum power consumption.
Calculated current: is the calculated capacity in the rated voltage current, is the choice of distribution transformers, conductors, electrical appliances, calculation of voltage deviation, power loss based on, but also as the basis for calculating the amount of power consumption and reactive power compensation.
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