History of renal dialysis

19 14, john jacob abel and a group of American scientists successfully built an artificial kidney dialysis machine for a dog. It was not until 1943 that the Netherlands was occupied by Nazi Germany and Europe was in the midst of World War II and war that William kolff managed to manufacture the first human kidney dialysis machine.

Figure: This schematic diagram shows that the principle of peritoneal dialysis and renal dialysis is the same. Dialysis enters the abdominal cavity and is discharged once it reaches equilibrium.

Kolff followed john abel's method, but he used intestines as dialysis tubes. These dialysis tubes are put into sterile water, and the waste penetrates into the sterile water through the micropores of the sleeve until the water and blood contain the same amount of waste. The blood from which part of the waste is removed flows back into the body.

Later, kolff's machine was improved to allow blood to pass through a large area of multi-layer glass cardboard. Because the flat plate was too heavy, it was later replaced by cellophane spiral tube.

The original artificial kidney dialysis machine was only used as an emergency measure, which played a substitute role before the recovery of renal function. But in the early 1960s, smaller artificial kidney dialysis machines enabled patients to have dialysis at home repeatedly.