Supporting technologies of smart grid
The main supporting technologies of smart grid are reliable information technology that realizes the collection, storage, analysis, processing and display of massive information data, high-speed, two-way, real-time and integrated communication technology, intelligent dispatching technology with optimal allocation of resources, scientific decision-making, efficient management of grid operation, and rapid response to grid anomalies and accidents, electric energy consumption and Forecasting technology, distributed energy access technology on medium-voltage or low-voltage distribution networks, planning and control technology, reference measurement technology including data on power quality, power factor, phase, fault events, transformer and line loads, and related sensor technology.
The role of IoT-related technologies in the smart grid
In the current power grid, sensors are widely used, but mainly electromechanical sensors, whose methods of acquisition are often physical, and the signals transmitted are often analog, which determines that it is often transmitted through cables. Smart sensors not only involves sensing technology, but also with micro-mechanics, microelectronics, digital signal processing, network communications directly related.
It acquires information often by directly transforming the information to be acquired into optical or electrical signals, which are output as digital quantities. Intelligent sensors also have a certain degree of information storage and analysis capabilities, can be the primary processing of information and then up to the next level of transmission, to avoid the higher level of equipment for information processing is too large, but also saves the network traffic.
In the Internet of Things technology, the signal is generally transmitted using fiber-optic cables, for the internal state of the equipment and other signals that are not easy to directly connect to the transmission line, but also wireless transmission can be used to ensure real-time data. At the main station, since the data transmitted is digital, it avoids complicated data conversion and processing work, and these advantages should be played. However, the power grid has high requirements for the reliability of information, especially in terms of information transmission.
If the reliability of information transfer is low in the residential or commercial sector, the current level of reliability of the Internet of Things is sufficient. But for power grids, the results of incorrect information transmission can be very serious, and can lead to incorrect operation of automatic devices in the grid, cutting off a large number of loads in normal operation, or major errors in power metering, and so on. In the case of reliability can not be guaranteed, the important advantage of the Internet of Things technology - information transfer will be difficult to play a role, which also correspondingly leads to the application layer above the network layer can not be applied to the smart grid.