Ecological farms business model
Family farms are the focus of this year's Central Document No. 1 to encourage and support the emerging industry projects, ecological farms have become a hot spot for people to invest in entrepreneurship.? Eat farm food, live in a farm house, see farm scenery, do farm work? Has become a huge trend, ecological farms (leisure agriculture) has entered the era of blowout, with an annual growth rate of 30% -50%. Many pre-investment built by the characteristics of the family farm, every day, the market, traffic, the four seasons, year after year, the fire, the day into the money, sustained profit. But there are also many family farms with large investments, low efficiency, and even halfway, resulting in economic losses.
In response to the prevailing problems of family farms, with 25 years of experience in farm operation, the industry known as? The authoritative expert on farms? Mr. Lan Zhaoyan proposed the "ecological cycle model". The ecological cycle model?
These are the most common problems in family farms, and are worth learning from. He believes that:
First, there must be industrial support: that is, ecological farms, family farms are not just eating, playing cards, which is more than 95% of the previous ecological farms, and thus in the winter and spring seasons, the business is almost shut down, it is difficult to operate in the long term. The solution is to have their own industrial operations, such as farming deep processing, planting green, business seasons constantly have their own products for sale all year round, which is currently the best model.
Second, the operation of the industry to have their own characteristics: such as breeding can be built wildlife farming, catering to the wild, fresh, homegrown as a feature, planting to green tree species-based (many times more than the fruit benefit).
Third, the industry between the project to form an ecological cycle, energy efficient, not only in terms of quality and quantity to achieve the best results, but also produce the best economic and ecological benefits, while through the ecological cycle, extending the industrial chain, increasing many income channels, in this regard, Fujian Zhaobao ecological farms to do a very good job, and its 25 years of experience in management and operation of the very inspiring to everyone, if you are interested in may wish to go to the inspection! The first thing you need to do is to look into the matter and see what you can do.
Fourth, the use of eco-farm farming? The first thing you need to do is to get a good deal of money.
Specialty food and drink? The first is to use the same method as the second, which is to use the same method as the third. Deep processing of products and other modes, declare government support funds, and strive for millions of dollars of support each year, is not a difficult task.
The above model is the best mode of operation of the current ecological farms, to solve the characteristics of the product, quality, quantity, sales, investment efficiency and sustainable development of a series of problems.
Prospects for the development of eco-farms
With the rapid development of social and economic development, the tourism industry is growing rapidly, people are eager to return to nature, hoping to combine life and nature, at the same time, the traditional mode of agricultural development has been unable to adapt to the needs of the modern society, the emergence of agricultural production, life and ecological combination of a highly efficient mode of agricultural development in this process.
In China, the ecological farm is only in recent years began to enter the people's vision, but now has attracted more and more people's attention, a lot of capital has entered the industry, after several years of exploration and research, at present, the ecological farm in China has formed a variety of business development model, some of which have also gained high returns, such as Anhui's Xiaotuanshan Herb Farm, the Hongyi The company's main business is the development of the eco-farms in China.
The current level of economic and social development in China provides a broad opportunity for eco-farms to build a diversified development model, and the current mainstream business model has the following: firstly, eco-tourism, positioning the high-end tourism market, and developing business and leisure tourism services; secondly, utilizing the natural and non-polluting eco-environment of the farm to produce high-quality organic food, green food, which is supplied to high-level restaurants and hotels. Of course, you can also build amusement parks, deepen the development of tourism services and so on.
Eco-farms have a wide range of market prospects, social progress for its development provides a rare historical opportunity, as long as you can seize the opportunity to seize the moment will be able to get a huge development in this field.
The basic characteristics of ecological farms
Innovation of the economic system
On the basis of the family contract responsibility system, the development of multi-form cooperation shareholding system. Family decentralized operation due to the land scale is too small and the problem of low efficiency is becoming more and more prominent, while the cooperative shareholding system can give play to the economies of scale. From the standpoint of economies of scale, large-scale operations can reduce production costs, increase economic efficiency and strengthen the ability of agriculture to compete domestically and internationally. With the construction of small towns and the development of secondary and tertiary industries, the low output of traditional agriculture has led to the serious idleness of rural land, which provides conditions for large-scale operation. Ecological farms have formed ? Farm owners? Operation manager? Direct laborers The ecological farms have formed a three-tier business management pattern. Some farms have separated the rights of ownership, operation and income (see table). Cooperative share ownership, division of labor and management responsibility, dividend income, so that the operation of new vitality and vitality. This process is a continuous pursuit of Pareto optimization. In land transfer, farmers rent their land to the farm owner or buy shares in the farm at a discounted price, and the farm owner hires farmers as laborers. Farmers are landlords (or shareholders) and workers.
The enhancement of the concept of thinking
Ideas determine the way out, eco-farms to agritourism as the development of the way out. Agro-tourism is a new type of eco-tourism with agriculture as the carrier, set of recreation, tourism and shopping, green consumption, back to basics and other functions in one, is the production, life and ecological combination of tourism as a whole, is a new industry. Maslow's theory divides needs into five categories: physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, respect needs and self-actualization needs, in order from lower to higher levels. In addition to this human beings have the need to return to nature. With the accelerated pace of urbanization and industrialization, changes in the urban living environment, the impact of increased work pressure, agritourism has a strong vitality and development potential. Agritourism also has a lot of practical significance, for example, for a long time has been the rural people to the city to consume, in the past, some measures to expand domestic demand is also like a pump to the rural economy to the city accumulation, and constantly widen the gap between urban and rural areas. The development of agro-tourism can attract urban people to rural areas for consumption, and they bring employment opportunities, hygiene habits, scientific and technological knowledge, and advanced concepts to rural areas, which is conducive to narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas. Eco-farms are using experiential marketing as a means to develop agritourism with a human-centered approach, featuring agriculture, environmental protection, green and health as the connotation.
Breakthroughs in the mode of operation
Eco-farms are market-oriented, multi-channel grasp of market information, with the impact of market regulation, according to the supply of cyclical fluctuations, timely adjustment of production. The farms began to establish brand awareness, the brand from entering the consumer's field of vision to the consumer's life, and then to the consumer's beliefs continue to sublimate. Especially now that consumer demand for agricultural products from subsistence to health and nutrition. Traditional agriculture is chemical agriculture, the disorderly use of pesticides and fertilizers make people talk about food. Ecological farms in the health of this theme is committed to creating green food, organic food. Neglected by the traditional agricultural trace elements, ecological farms in the nutrition of the theme of the new selling point, such as zinc, iron, selenium, calcium and other mineral elements, is the human body's beneficial elements.
The concept of green ecology
(1) environmentally friendly
Eco-farming involves agritourism, which is a concern for resources and the environment. Due to the excessive use of pesticides, fertilizers, agricultural film, all kinds of garbage emissions, industrial wastewater, waste gas, waste residue into the farmland, agricultural environmental pollution has been quite serious. Various types of harmful substances residues not only affect the quality of agricultural products, but also jeopardize human health. Therefore, the development direction or value orientation of modern agriculture should be ecological. The establishment of ecological farms is in line with some of the principles of ecological philosophy.
(2) Reasonable utilization of resources
Circular agriculture is composed of a variety of agricultural organisms, closed material recycling, due to the industry between ? successive and generation, phase capital and utilization? , the transformation and utilization efficiency of agricultural natural resources is relatively high. Ecological farms in the production of the general path of circular agriculture, the introduction of ? Double chain type? The new idea of eco-agriculture, the use of biological food chain to form an eco-agricultural economic chain.
In the ecological farms in the construction of biogas digesters, making the park no garbage and fecal emissions, and effective control of feces into the surface water bodies, to avoid causing eutrophication of water bodies, but also reduces the burning of orange rods brought about by the environmental pollution and waste of resources; some farms are also environmentally friendly electric vehicles instead of the traditional motorized vehicles, to do the whole park no emissions, energy saving and emission reduction; and the establishment of sewage treatment equipment to make the park no sewage discharge.
To biogas digester as a hub, to create a resource recycling system, so that ecological agriculture can be sustainable development. Reasonable use of three-dimensional farming to improve the utilization of light, heat, land and other resources. The resource structure of some eco-farms is beginning to change from ? Green agriculture? of plants and animals. Two-dimensional to the two-dimensional structure of plants and animals. white agriculture? Plants, animals, microorganisms? Three-dimensional Transformation.
Industrialized management as the goal
Eco-farms began to industrialized management as the goal. In the resources gathered zero for the whole, to play the scale effect, and in the specific project and the whole for zero, the responsibility, the benefits of contracting to the person, greatly exerting the subjective initiative of the person, to produce the maximum overall benefits, and to the depth and breadth of the two aspects of the broadening: (1) to the depth of the development of the agricultural products, that is, the deep processing. China's agricultural product processing industry is still quite backward and has great potential. All farms are carrying out deep processing and packaging of specialty agricultural products, which is conducive to the sale and storage of agricultural products. (2) Develop to the aspect of breadth, that is, diversified operation. In addition to the traditional planting, farming outside the farms are generally developed fishing centers, fruit tree adoption, subscription plots of farming, homemade bonsai, feeding animals, outdoor training camps, ecological sunshine restaurant, flower and seedling production and sales projects.
The principle of local conditions
Regional characteristics are often unrepeatable, and regional advantages are often better barriers. Especially in the highly competitive market environment, can not copy, need to take the road of differentiation. Ecological farms are based on the principle of local conditions to develop tourism agriculture. As the saying goes, the right fit, to win by surprise. Eco-farms began to boldly innovate under the principle of local conditions, take the road of creative agriculture.
Effective management as a means
Operation of ecological farms, effective management is essential, farm operators are generally more successful entrepreneurs in business and industry, with rich management experience and advanced management knowledge. Try to jump out of agriculture to grasp agriculture, industrialized mechanisms, means, elements to transform traditional agriculture. Eco-farms use information technology to effectively manage purchasing, production and sales, and vigorously implement standardized production. In terms of human resources farms generally focus on staff training, change the management of people to run people, people as a key resource rather than the use of the object. Work to people, responsibility to people, rewards and penalties to people, determine the mission to set goals, and consciously shaping the corporate culture and build strategic management.
Supported by science and technology
(1) scientific and technological breeding
Eco-farms to favorable green food production, suitable for local natural and economic conditions, such as special economic value and market prospects, etc. as the basis. Scientific seed selection. Adopt soil testing and formula balanced fertilization technology to reduce costs and pollution. Utilize physical and biological technology to scientifically control pests. Construct greenhouses to grow vegetables; apply sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation and ground film to grow fruit trees; use pipeline hydroponics? Newspaper rack type? Three-dimensional cultivation to cultivate flowers. Like Fujian Zhaobao ecological farms to breeding rare birds as the main industry; some farms in the cultivation of organic rice effective use of frequency vibration insecticidal lamps, yellow boards and other physical control methods, some of which are used like rice and crab **** raising this biological methods of pest control.
(2) mechanization
Agricultural mechanization is conducive to improving the comprehensive production capacity of agriculture; conducive to alleviating droughts and floods; conducive to promoting a change in the mode of growth; conducive to improving market competitiveness; conducive to reducing production costs and increasing efficiency. The world's developed countries have been in all aspects of agricultural and livestock production, the full realization of mechanization, thereby greatly improving the level of agricultural modernization. With the development of China's economy, China's labor costs gradually rise, mechanization is the inevitable road. The scale of operation also lays the foundation for the realization of agricultural mechanization. Various farms are gradually realizing the mechanical operation of all links from seeding to table including seed selection, seedling raising, ploughing, sowing, fertilizing, weeding, irrigating, harvesting, threshing, drying, warehousing, processing, packaging, transporting, epidemic prevention, cleaning, disinfecting, incubating, brooding, slaughtering, and so on.
(3) information technology
Agricultural production is a living social production activities carried out in the open air on the surface of the earth. He has a decentralized production, time variability, sudden disasters, and market variability and other people with conventional technology is difficult to grasp and control the basic characteristics, which is the agricultural production of long-term passive position. The use of agricultural information technology has a special function in overcoming the above basic difficulties of agricultural production and changing or partially changing the passive situation of agricultural production. Through remote sensing (RS) in a timely manner to provide crop growth, water and fertilizer conditions and pests and diseases; through the geographic information system (GIS) can be proposed? Implementation plan? Through the global spatial positioning system (GPS + GIS), this integrated system can be installed in the agricultural machinery to realize the automatic command and control of farm operations. Eco-farms are beginning to apply information technology as a basic technology to all aspects of agricultural production, thereby realizing precise management of the agricultural production process. Gradually, on the basis of agricultural resources and environment analysis technology, through the 3S with computer and network technology to realize the resources and environment, production and management, production materials and product markets and other aspects of information technology.
Backed by quality service
As ecological farms are involved in the tourism industry, the farms are to provide quality service as a backing. Terminal service is the lifeblood of the brand, the service is reflected in the details, ecological farms to standardize and regulate the service, and strive to transform the intangible services into tangible details that consumers can understand, and emphasize people-oriented, find demand (and even create demand), meet demand. Let visitors in the beautiful mountains, water, fields, gardens, forests, flowers in the overall layout of the typical ? Front store and back garden? The business pattern in the modern eating, living, traveling, playing, shopping in close proximity to nature. Some farms have also adopted a membership system to provide members with thoughtful and meticulous service.