Pheasant, also known as pheasant and ring-necked chicken, is named Caipheasant because of its bright feathers. Pheasant is one of the most important hunting birds in the world, and it is also a rare bird with high economic value, which integrates food, medicine, hair and skin. Wild chicken is tender and delicious (the fragrance of stray chicken) and rich in game. Used to make soup, the soup is pure and greasy, and it has been used as royal food for generations. After eating the pheasant, Emperor Qianlong was full of praise, and once wrote a quatrain "It is famous for three thousand miles in the north of the Yangtze River and has tasted the twelfth floor in the south of the Yangtze River". There are many dishes based on pheasants in the world-famous novel A Dream of Red Mansions, such as pheasant chicken soup, fried pheasant, pheasant melon seeds and so on. The fifty-third issue of Wu Renping also listed "200 pairs of pheasants and rabbits", and these game became treasures on Jia's table. This reflects that pheasant dishes have become very common in the Qing Dynasty and become a home-cooked dish of back-door kung fu.
Pheasant is a tonic with high protein, low fat and basically no cholesterol. It is recorded in Compendium of Materia Medica that it can tonify the middle qi, produce essence and blood, nourish liver and kidney, refresh the mind and treat various chronic diseases. Contains a variety of essential amino acids and trace elements such as calcium, sodium and sulfur. According to the analysis of relevant experts, the crude protein content of pheasant is higher than that of broiler by 25%, 1 1.84%, the calorie content is higher than that of broiler by 17.75%, and the cholesterol is lower than that of broiler by 29. 12%. According to the determination of Sun Yat-sen University, pheasant chicken contains 10 kinds of amino acids, which has a high medical and health care function. The latest information shows that pheasant chicken contains anti-cancer substances such as zinc and selenium, which can prevent and treat hypertension and cerebral thrombosis if eaten regularly.
Male pheasant hair is gorgeous and colorful, such as peacock, so it is also called "dragon and phoenix bird". It is an indispensable and valuable ornamental animal in various urban gardens and has great ornamental value. Xiao Fang Rare Bird Breeding Farm in Ji 'an, Jiangxi Province has raised precious chickens, pheasants and other rare birds for many years. Now, the technique of pheasant and peacock specimens has been developed. The pheasant specimens made are lifelike and can be preserved for twenty or thirty years. It is an excellent handicraft for home decoration, office decoration and gifts to relatives and friends. Its value is 5-8 times higher than that of live pheasants, and it has become one of the sales channels of pheasants. Wool crafts can be made, dresses can be tapestried in sections, and chicken skin can be made into all kinds of exquisite leather goods.
1. Benefit analysis of pheasant breeding;
Artificial breeding of pheasants is a special breeding industry with broad prospects and a promotion project of "Spark Plan" of the State Science and Technology Commission. It has the characteristics of wide adaptability, strong disease resistance, low feeding cost, small investment, stable insurance and fast turnover, and is an excellent "short, flat and fast" project to get rid of poverty and become rich.
1, less investment: old houses, old warehouses, courtyards, orchards, sloping fields and other fenced places can be used as venues for pheasant breeding, with small-scale investment ranging from several thousand yuan to tens of thousands of yuan.
2, eat miscellaneous: pheasants eat rice bran, wheat bran, various vegetables, pasture, rice, sorghum, corn, fly maggots and so on. , similar to domestic chickens. Moreover, pheasants are birds and eat very little. Adult pheasants only need 75 grams of concentrated feed a day, and the cost is extremely low.
3. Wide adaptability: According to the breeding history of pheasants in China, pheasants are resistant to high temperature and cold, can grow normally at minus 35 degrees to minus 45 degrees, and can be cultivated from Heilongjiang in the northeast to Hainan Island in the southernmost part.
4. Strong disease resistance: Pheasants are wild animals. After the harsh natural environment and the training of "survival of the fittest", its disease resistance is stronger than that of ordinary poultry. As long as the daily epidemic prevention work is done well, it is generally not easy to get sick of chicken plague, and the breeding risk is low, so investment insurance is needed.
5. Quick effect: Generally, chicks can be put on the market in about 90 days after hatching, and it will reach 3 kg in 120 days, and the feed requirement is about 18 yuan. According to the current market price of 20-25 yuan per kilogram, each chick can get a gross profit of 30-55 yuan. Breeding chickens can lay eggs for 6 months, and the annual egg production can reach more than 150. If the annual egg production is 100, the fertilization rate, hatching rate and survival rate are 85% and 90% respectively, the annual commercial chicken can be produced. According to the profit 30 yuan of each hen, the annual benefit of breeding a breeder can reach more than 1.800 yuan. If small-scale farms raise 100 pheasants a year, they can make a profit of180 thousand yuan a year, which is very impressive.
Second, the market prospect of pheasant breeding:
With the continuous improvement of people's living standards in China, the traditional concept of diet has undergone a qualitative change, and "seeking novelty and freshness" and game food have become modern dietary fashion. Pheasant project can be called "evergreen tree" of special aquaculture. Since the pheasant was artificially raised in the 1980s, the sales market has been good, and there has never been such fluctuation as the domestic prices of pigs and chickens.
Pheasant breeding in China has a history of more than 20 years, and it is one of the most successful famous rare birds in China. In all parts of China, especially in cities, coastal areas, Hong Kong and Macao, the consumption habits and trends of eating pheasants and game have been formed. Wild chicken is tender and delicious, and the game is strong. In China, pheasants have always been regarded as high-grade dishes and are favored by the market. In domestic cities, pheasants are increasingly becoming a delicacy on the menus of restaurants and hotels. Moreover, because the price of pheasant is not high, it constantly provides the economic level of modern people, even ordinary towns and counties can fully afford it, and the market is huge. At present, the shortage of pheasants in China is still huge. According to statistics, the annual demand in Guangdong, Fujian, Shanghai and other coastal areas alone reaches 50 million, while the actual supply in China is less than 6 million. Therefore, there is still huge market space and economic benefits in the artificial breeding of pheasants at present.
Three, pheasant feeding management technology:
1, pheasant house construction
The pheasant farm should be selected in a place that is conducive to drainage, dryness, leeward, sunny, pollution-free, convenient in transportation, not close to villages, factories and mines, relatively quiet, and provided with sanitary water and electricity. Each henhouse should be 20-30 square meters. Scale farming, each henhouse is 36 meters long, 4 meters wide and 2 meters high. There is a playground in front of the henhouse, which is more than 4 meters wide. Each henhouse is separated by nylon net or barbed wire, and covered with a net to prevent it from flying away. A green isolation belt should be set between conditional buildings and chicken coops. When the weather is hot in summer, you should build a shed or plant a plant to shade you.
2. Feeding utensils
(1) chicken electric incubator can be used for pheasant hatching.
(2) The brooding equipment includes brooding net rack, heat preservation lamp, etc.
(3) Buckets for feeding, towers and square plates for drinking water, or automatic drinking water devices.
3. Feeding management
According to the growth characteristics of pheasant, its feeding management can be roughly divided into three stages, namely, brooding period, youth period and growth period.
Incubation period: from incubation to desuperheating, generally about 42 days. This stage is the early stage of pheasant heat preservation, and heat preservation measures need to be taken.
Youth: Young pheasants aged from 42 days to 100 days. During this period, the growth rate is the fastest, and the daily gain can reach 10 ~ 15g. If it is a meat commodity, it can be listed after the expiration of the feeding period at this stage.
Pheasants are omnivorous birds, mainly plant seeds (such as barley, corn, weed seeds, etc. ), tender grass and tender vegetables. In order to make pheasants meet the best growth and reproduction requirements, it is best to provide balanced compound feed according to the nutritional needs of pheasants at different stages and growth stages.
Pheasants produce little and eat less. Therefore, it is necessary to feed a small amount of food many times. Adult pheasants need 70 ~ 80 grams of standard ingredients every day, with appropriate amount of tender grass or vegetables. Baidu Xiaofang Rare Poultry Farm, Xiaofang Pheasant Breeding Farm and well-known breeding farms in the industry are invited to provide breeding, breeding technical guidance, technical training and market quotation.