The smoke emitted by smoking can be divided into mainstream smoke (i.e., the smoke inhaled by the smoker) and tributary smoke (i.e., the smoke that comes out of the ignited tobacco). Tributary smoke than through the mainstream smoke contains more tobacco combustion components. For carbon monoxide, tributary smoke is five times more potent than mainstream smoke; for tar and nicotine, three times more potent; for ammonia, 46 times more potent; and for nitramine, 50 times more potent. According to calculations, in poorly ventilated places, the amount of smoke inhaled by non-smokers in an hour is equivalent to the average dose of 1 cigarette inhaled.
Nonsmokers who smoke passively for more than 15 minutes a day are defined as passive smokers, also known as "forced smoking" or "indirect smoking". It is impossible for most people to completely avoid exposure to smoke in their daily lives, thus making them passive smokers. According to the results of the National Sample Survey on Smoking, 39.75% of the 343,563 non-smokers were exposed to passive smoking. Passive smoking in the home accounted for 67.1%, 14.4% were exposed to passive smoking in the workplace or other public **** places, and 18.96% were exposed to passive smoking both in the home and in public **** places on a daily basis. The main places of passive smoking were home (71.2%) and public **** places (32.5%).
Passive smoking is particularly harmful to infants, young children, adolescents and women. For children, passive smoking can cause respiratory symptoms and illnesses and interfere with normal growth and development; for pregnant women, passive smoking can lead to stillbirths, miscarriages, and low-birth-weight babies; and for adults, it can increase the risk of respiratory disease, lung cancer, and cardiovascular disease.
In addition, the problem of secondhand smoke can create a series of "relationship crises". Smoking in the home environment and in the office environment is likely to affect interpersonal harmony.
In order for us all to have a fresh living space. On the one hand, smokers should try to smoke fewer cigarettes with high tar content, try to control the amount of cigarettes, smokers and "second-hand smokers" should strengthen the health care, such as supplementing vitamin E at the same time, more physical exercise, etc.; on the other hand, pay attention to fewer cigarettes in the public places, especially the indoor space with poor ventilation, to reduce pollution of the respiratory environment for themselves and others. Pollution of the respiratory environment. It is better to take the initiative to take measures to eliminate or mitigate air pollution in the home or office, conference room and other regular smoking environments, such as placing some green plants such as hanging orchids, ivy, etc., or using air purification equipment. In addition, passive smokers should strengthen the awareness of rights and interests, to fully utilize the rights conferred by the law, in the office, home and other indoor environments to smokers more to discourage.
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(1) Why do teenagers want to smoke?
Young people long for the image and status of adulthood, and smoke to show that they have grown up, or to represent a sense of maturity and charisma. Some young people try smoking out of curiosity. Teenagers often think that they have unlimited youth and no fear of disease or death.
Pharmacologists say that the nicotine in tobacco stimulates the central nervous system, has multiple pharmacological effects, and is addictive.
Psychologists, on the other hand, believe that smoking is a habit, a behavior that accumulates with constant practice. Whether it is an "addiction" or a "habit", cigarettes unknowingly affect the smoker's mood, the smoker's thinking, and thus "control" the smoker's life.
(2) Components of cigarettes and the diseases they cause:
According to research, cigarettes and the smoke they produce after burning contain more than 4,000 kinds of harmful substances, which can be categorized into four main groups from a medical point of view:
(a) Carbon monoxide:
The concentration of carbon monoxide in cigarette smoke is about 400ppm, which is the same as that of red blood cells. The concentration of carbon monoxide in cigarette smoke is about 400ppm, and its binding power with red blood cells is about 210 times that of oxygen and red blood cells. Therefore, after carbon monoxide is inhaled into the body, the ability of red blood cells to deliver oxygen will be reduced, resulting in a lack of oxygen in the body. The heart is an organ in the human body that requires a lot of oxygen. If the heart is deprived of oxygen, angina pectoris (a disease that needs to be explained) will be triggered, which can lead to death if it is serious.
(b) nicotine (nicotine):
When nicotine enters the human body, it will produce many effects: such as peripheral blood vessel constriction of the limbs, heartbeat acceleration, blood pressure, breathing faster, mental status change (such as become emotionally stable or mental excitement), and promote platelet aggregation, for the cause of cardiac blood vessel obstruction, hypertension, stroke and other cardiac vascular diseases. The main culprits of cardiovascular diseases such as heart blockage, high blood pressure, and stroke.
(c) Irritants:
The irritants produced by incense not only irritate the eyes, nose and throat, but also stimulate the secretion of glands under the bronchial mucosa, leading to repeated acute bronchitis and chronic bronchitis.
(d) Carcinogens:
According to the research statistics of American scholars Doll and Peto, the number of deaths due to cancer caused by smoking accounts for 30 percent of all cancer deaths, and it is the most influential of all known or predicted cancer-causing factors (mainly causing lung cancer). If people stopped smoking, cancer deaths could be reduced by one-third.
In addition, smoking can cause stomach ulcers. Pregnant women who smoke are more likely to have premature and underweight babies, and may even have a higher chance of miscarriage.
(3) Harmful effects of secondhand smoke:
Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS), or so-called secondhand smoke, is one of the most widespread and harmful indoor air pollutants, mainly coming from mainstream smoke exhaled by smokers and tributary smoke released from burning cigarettes.
According to experimental studies, the effects of secondhand smoke are similar to those of smokers. For example, the incidence of lung cancer in a non-smoker with a smoking spouse is increased by 20 to 50 percent, and the incidence of disease in an innocent person living in a pandemic of environmental smoke is increased by 20 to 30 percent.
According to the World Health Organization, 53,000 people die each year as a result of this "negative tobacco poisoning".
(4) How can I stop smoking?
Tell people and your friends that you don't like smoking.
Don't accept cigarettes handed to you and get into the habit of refusing them.
No matter where you are, stick to the 'No Smoking Area'.
(5) What can we do to minimize the damage caused by the second-hand smoke we already inhale?
Eat more fresh fruits and vegetables (especially those rich in carotene and Vitamin C)
Because vitamins have antioxidant properties that can fight cancer (e.g. fruits and vegetables such as papaya, tomatoes, carrots, pumpkin, etc.).
Drink more water and urinate more. More exercise and sweating can accelerate the elimination of nicotine in the body, etc .