The ideal form of "low-carbon economy" is to fully develop "sunshine economy", "wind energy economy", "hydrogen economy", "bio-energy economy", "energy", "energy", "energy", "energy", "energy", "energy", "energy", "energy", "energy", "energy" and "energy". "Hydrogen energy economy", "biomass energy economy". However, at this stage, the cost of solar power generation is 5-10 times that of coal power and hydropower, and the price of wind power generation in some areas is higher than that of coal power and hydropower; as a secondary energy source of hydrogen energy, it is still far from the commercialization goal of using clean energy extracted from wind and solar energy; and the development of biofuels at the cost of large-scale consumption of food and oilseed crops has to a certain extent triggered the rise in the prices of food, meat and edible oil. From a worldwide perspective, it is expected that solar power will only reach 10% of the world's electricity supply by 2030, while the world's proven oil, natural gas and coal reserves will be depleted in the next 40, 60 and 100 years or so, respectively. Therefore, in the next few decades of the transition from the "era of carbon fuel civilization" to the "era of solar energy civilization" (wind energy and biomass energy are all converted forms of solar energy), the "low-carbon economy One of the important meanings of "low carbon economy" and "low carbon life" is to save the consumption of fossil energy and provide time guarantee for the popularization and utilization of new energy. Especially from China's energy structure, low carbon means energy saving, low carbon economy is based on low energy consumption and low pollution economy.
"Kick the habit! Facing the low-carbon economy," the theme of Environment Day prompted people, "low-carbon economy" not only means that the manufacturing industry to accelerate the elimination of high energy consumption, high pollution backward production capacity, promote energy saving and emission reduction of scientific and technological innovation, but also means to guide the public to reflect on which habitual consumption patterns and lifestyle is a waste of energy, increase the discharge of pollution bad habits. Energy, pollution increase in bad habits, so as to fully explore the service industry and consumer life in the field of energy saving and emission reduction of huge potential. One of the important ways to shift to a low-carbon economy and a low-carbon lifestyle is to give up the hobby of "convenience consumption" at the expense of high energy consumption. "Convenience" is a popular value in modern commercial marketing and consumer life. Many convenience consumption methods waste huge amounts of energy without people realizing it. For example, according to refrigeration technology experts estimate that 70% of the supermarket power consumption for the freezer, and open freezer power consumption than the glass door freezer 20% higher. From this projection, a medium-sized supermarket open freezers a year more than about 4. 80,000 degrees of electricity, equivalent to more than about 19 tons of standard coal, more than about 48 tons of carbon dioxide emissions, more than about 190,000 liters of clean water. Shanghai has nearly 800 large and medium-sized supermarkets, supermarkets and convenience stores 6,000. If the large and medium-sized supermarkets generally use glass door freezers, customers only need to raise their hands when shopping, a year can save about 45.21 million degrees of electricity, equivalent to saving about 18,000 tons of standard coal, emission reductions of about 45,000 tons of carbon dioxide. In China, the annual per capita CO2 emissions of 2.7 tons, but an urban white-collar workers, even if only 40 square feet of living space, driving 1.6L car commuting, 12 times a year by plane, carbon emissions will be in 2611 kg. From this point of view, energy saving and emission reduction is imperative. If the protection of the environment, animal protection, energy saving these environmental protection concepts have become a code of conduct, low-carbon life is more urgent to establish a green lifestyle.
"Low-carbon life" is a new concept, but the world's sustainable development is an old problem, which reflects the human concerns about the future due to climate change, the world's **** knowledge of this issue is increasing. Climate issues such as global warming have forced mankind to consider the current ecological environment. Humans are aware that excessive carbon emissions from production and consumption are one of the major factors contributing to the climate problem, and that reducing carbon emissions requires optimizing and restricting certain consumption and production activities accordingly. Although there are still scholars with different views on the causes of climate change, the concept of "low-carbon life" at least conforms to the principle of prudence of human beings to save for a rainy day and the pursuit of the perfect mentality and ideals, and therefore, "we would rather believe in it than not believe in it", so "we would rather believe in it than not believe in it", and "we would rather believe in it than not believe in it". Therefore, we would rather believe in what we have than what we don't", and the concept of "low-carbon life" has gradually been accepted by countries all over the world. The emergence of low-carbon life not only tells people what you can do to reduce carbon emissions, but also tells people what you can do. With the gradual emergence of this lifestyle, people are beginning to be concerned about whether or not I have done anything to reduce carbon emissions today. In Badaling, Beijing, a carbon sink forest has taken shape. If you want to offset your carbon emissions, you can come here to buy a carbon sink forest or plant trees. Forestry carbon sinks are used to reduce carbon dioxide in the air by absorbing and fixing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and releasing oxygen through the implementation of activities such as afforestation and forest management and vegetation restoration. The idea of purchasing carbon sink forests is welcomed by more people than driving less and turning on less air-conditioning. At present, the main measures to slow down climate warming are emission reduction and sink enhancement. Compared with the means of emission reduction, the forestry carbon sink measure has become an important means of slowing down climate warming because of its low cost, multi-benefit and easy operation.
What kind of people can be regarded as "low carbon" and what does "low carbon" mean? Simply put, "low carbon" is a habit of life, is a natural way to save all kinds of resources around the habit, as long as you are willing to take the initiative to restrain themselves, to improve their habits, you can join in. Of course, low-carbon does not mean that you have to deliberately thrift, deliberately to give up some of the enjoyment of life, as long as you can do from the life of the little by little more savings, not waste, can also live a comfortable "low-carbon life". Copenhagen climate change summit since the opening of December 7, has been crowned "the most important meeting ever", "change the fate of the planet meeting" and other heavyweight titles. The conference attempts to establish a global framework for greenhouse gas emissions, and many people have begun a profound reflection on the current production and lifestyle of mankind.
Greenhouse gases give the planet a fever. Over the past 200 years, with the deepening of the industrialization process, a large number of greenhouse gases, mainly carbon dioxide emissions, so that the global temperature rise, climate change, which is an indisputable fact. 8 December, the World Meteorological Organization released in advance of the "2009 Global Climate Situation," the report pointed out that the past 10 years is the record since the The global warmest 10 years. In addition, global warming has also made the Antarctic glaciers began to melt, which in turn led to sea level rise. Finnish and German scholars released the latest survey shows that the end of this century, sea level may rise 1.9 meters, far more than previously expected. If this development continues, the South Pacific island nation of Tuvalu will likely be the first island to disappear into the ocean.
A study published in the US media on December 5 pointed out that the Earth's fever has also caused a huge crisis in human health. First, allergies are aggravated, the study showed that with the gradual increase in carbon dioxide levels and temperatures, the flowering season comes earlier, allowing pollen production to increase, making spring allergies worse. Secondly, species are becoming more and more "pocket-sized", as global temperatures rise, organisms are becoming smaller, as seen in Scottish sheep. Third, kidney stones are on the rise, with researchers predicting that by 2050, 2.2 million new people will suffer from urinary stones as a result of warmer temperatures and increased dehydration. Fourth, outbreaks of exogenous infectious diseases; warmer temperatures in water environments can cause mosquitoes and plankton to proliferate, resulting in occasional outbreaks of dengue fever, malaria and encephalitis. Fifth, lung infections are aggravated in the summer. Higher temperatures and reduced cool winds can exacerbate ozone pollution, which is highly susceptible to lung infections. Sixth, the algae bloom caused by disease, water temperature rise caused by cyanobacteria rapid reproduction, from the municipal water supply system to the natural lake will be contaminated, which led to digestive system, nervous system, liver and skin diseases.
The global crisis brought about by carbon dioxide has pulled the trigger on people's sense of concern, and even though countries around the world are still wrestling with the issue of reducing emissions, the concept of low carbon is almost universally recognized. Low-carbon refers to lower or lower emissions of greenhouse gases (mainly carbon dioxide). In this regard, Ren Guanping, secretary general of the Chinese Society of Environmental Sciences, told Life Times, "Energy saving is the biggest carbon reduction." First of all, carbon reduction is mainly implemented in production, such as vigorously developing clean energy such as hydroelectricity, nuclear power, wind power and solar power. Ren Guanping emphasized that carbon reduction is everyone's responsibility. For us, lifestyle depicts everyone's "carbon footprint," and low-carbon living is about simplicity. Ren Guanping also pointed out that low-carbon life can be reflected in clothing, food, housing, use and transportation.
In the climate pressure is increasing today, the development of low-carbon economy, low-carbon city construction, the full realization of low-carbon life has gradually become the community **** knowledge. However, I interviewed in many cities in the process, some citizens and even government officials on the realization of low-carbon life is still generally have three major doubts, urgently need the efforts of all parties, *** with the crack.
Confusion one: the realization of low-carbon life does not mean lowering the standard of living of urban residents? Some members of the public in an interview with the author that, from the point of view of saving resources and energy, environmental protection and reduce carbon emissions, the realization of low-carbon life is not only a big deal, but also a good thing. However, from the point of view of the requirements of low-carbon life, it may reduce people's living standards that have been raised with great difficulty. For example, people in the improvement of living standards at the same time, hope that by buying cars or large displacement, better performance of the car to improve their own travel conditions, hope to buy larger housing to improve their living conditions, which is obviously incompatible with low-carbon life. Jilin University School of Environment and Resources Professor Wang Xianen and other experts believe that the full realization of low-carbon life and maintain or improve the standard of living of the public is not in conflict with each other, their **** the same purpose is to better improve people's living environment and conditions, the key is to find a combination of exploring a low-carbon sustainable consumption patterns, in maintaining a high standard of living while minimizing the use of consumption of energy-intensive products and reduce greenhouse gas emissions such as carbon dioxide. Yang Yisheng, deputy director of the Development Research Center of the Fujian Provincial Government, said that low-carbon living is not a backward mode of living, and engaging in a low-carbon economy does not necessarily lower our quality of life. In a low-carbon economy, convenient transportation, comfortable and spacious houses can be guaranteed, and low-carbon technologies can be adopted to solve these problems. For example, in the city, we can use water to water the green space, use solar energy and other renewable energy for lighting and daily use, use coal bed methane and other clean energy as the fuel of the car, use of sewage source, shallow water source, deep high temperature groundwater source, soil source and other renewable energy heat pump technology to solve the building's heating and so on. In Shuozhou City, Shanxi Province, the river park, the use of street lamps, buried lights, garden lights, lawn lamps are solar energy to provide power, and all the lamps and lanterns to join the intelligent control, realize the daytime automatically turn off the lights, the night automatically light up the lights, the annual savings of about 800,000 kWh of electricity. Local citizens enjoy the physical and mental pleasure of urban construction at the same time, invariably save energy resources and reduce carbon emissions.
Confusion two: low-carbon life is too far away from the daily life of urban residents, the average citizen will be "more than enough and not enough"? Some members of the public interviewed that low-carbon life is only a theoretical conception, for them as if "unattainable" dream, and their daily life is too far away; there are also members of the public that low-carbon life is a systematic project, relying only on the strength of the people themselves is difficult to achieve, rather than this, it is better to press the daily way of life, "get over it". Some experts interviewed by the author that urban residents have long formed habits and consumption patterns, in a short period of time is indeed difficult to change. In this inertia mode of life, the implementation of low-carbon life may also bring inconvenience. However, these are not reasons for people to refuse low-carbon life, as long as people start from the details, have the determination and desire to change, low-carbon life can be realized. Luo Xingbi, a staff member of WWF Changchun Program Office, said that in the action to stop global warming, not only the government and enterprises need to develop effective countermeasures, but also every ordinary person can play an important role. Starting from the little things around us, reducing our personal carbon footprint and cultivating a low-carbon lifestyle is not only the current trend in society, but also a reflection of personal social responsibility. Cui Shumin, Deputy Secretary General of Taiyuan Municipal Government, when interviewed, picked up some documents from his desk for the author to see, which were printed on the back of waste paper. Not only that, they also make some blank slightly more paper into note paper, full use never waste. "Global climate change affects our life, living environment, so we need more people to participate in practicing a low-carbon lifestyle, to protect the environment to contribute a force. Starting from each of us, from the community residents, lifestyle changes. Realize low-carbon life, the public can do a lot, including reducing high-carbon energy consumption, green travel, garbage material reuse and so on." Cui Shumin said. Zhang Huilian, senior project officer of the Sustainable Development Education Center of the Institute for Environment and Development, said, "Low-carbon life is actually very simple to do, lower the temperature of the bath water by 1 degree, each time you take a bath can reduce carbon dioxide by 35 grams; turn off the cooker hood after cooking and turn it off for 10 minutes a day, and save 12 kWh of electricity in a year." The United Nations Environment Programme has put forward a few small suggestions for individuals "low-carbon lifestyle", such as changing the 45-minute workout on a motorized treadmill to jogging in a nearby park can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by nearly 1,000 grams; do not use a washing machine to dry clothes, but let the clothes dry naturally can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 2,300 grams; rest and after work to turn off computers and monitors, can also be used to save electricity. In addition to saving electricity, you can also reduce the carbon dioxide emissions of these appliances by 1/3 and so on.
Confusion three: low-carbon life is the city residents of their own affairs, the government and relevant departments can be "hands off"? I also found in the interview process, some of the city's government and the relevant departments of the leadership in the talk about low-carbon life that low-carbon life is mainly focused on the people's lives in the field, is the city's own residents, relying on the people themselves to change their mindsets, to be practiced, the government and the relevant departments on the one hand have no right to intervene, on the other hand, the transformation of the people's daily life style is also very lack of power. Experts believe that the government and related departments are not only the administrators of social affairs, but also the service providers of people's lives. Low-carbon life is not only the people's conscious behavior, but also need the government and related departments to create a low-carbon living environment. For example, the construction of low-carbon community, support for waste recycling and other "vein" industry, as well as to consciously implement a low-carbon lifestyle of the public to give certain incentives, etc., which are the formation of a good low-carbon lifestyle has a "four-two-thousand-kilogram" effect. In my interview, some citizens also reflected that they hope the local government and relevant departments to provide some information services to achieve a low-carbon lifestyle, through the introduction of some policies to guide their life behavior. Cities such as Taiyuan and Baoding have effectively guided their citizens' lifestyles and consumption habits through the formulation and implementation of green standards for various industries and the issuance of manuals on low-carbon living. The successful practice of these cities also proves that the government and relevant departments in the realization of low-carbon life process, not only can not be "hands off", but also through their own efforts to promote the effective implementation of the entire work.
A simple understanding of low-carbon life is to return to the basics to carry out human and natural activities, mainly from the power saving gas and recycling three links to change the details of life, including some of the following low-carbon good habits: Advocating low carbon, care of the earth
1. Every day, rice water can be used to wash hands and wipe the furniture, clean and hygienic, naturally moisturized.
2. Will be used newspaper pads in the bottom of the closet, not only can absorb moisture, but also absorb the odor in the closet;
3. Used mask paper should not be thrown away, use it to wipe the jewelry, wipe the surface of the furniture or wipe the belt, not only to wipe the bright can also leave the mask paper aroma;
4. Drinking the tea dregs, drying it out, make a tea pillow, and comfortable, can help improve sleep. and can also help to improve sleep.
5. Go out shopping, bring their own environmental bags, whether free or charge plastic bags, reduce the use.
6. Go out and bring your own drinking cup, reduce the use of disposable cups.
7. Use permanent chopsticks and lunch boxes, and avoid disposable tableware.
8. Make it a habit to turn off the power of electrical appliances to avoid wasting electricity.
9. Try not to use refrigerators and air conditioners, and use electric fans or fans when you are hot.
After handmade DIY re-creation, you will find that the original waste is also treasure, so the home environment is healthy and full of creative small joy. The "low-carbon family" is changing the details of their lives to prove that: climate change is no longer just a matter of concern for environmentalists, government officials, experts and scholars, but is closely related to each of us. In the promotion of healthy living has become the trend of today, "low-carbon life" is no longer just an ideal, but a new way of life to look forward to.
There are also some points that are not easy to pay attention to:
1. Use the traditional clockwork alarm clock every day instead of the electronic alarm clock;
2. Turn off the power of the computer during the lunch break and after work;
3. Turn off the lights and air conditioning once they are not in use; unplug the cell phone once it is charged;
4. Choose to dry your clothes. Avoid tumble dryers; replace 45 minutes of exercise on a treadmill with jogging in a nearby park;
5. Replace 60-watt light bulbs with energy-saving lamps; ride a bicycle instead of driving a car, or walk.
6. When using a computer, try to use low brightness, open fewer programs, etc., which can save electricity.
The amount of food stored in the refrigerator to account for 60% of the volume is appropriate, put too much or too little, are costly. Between the food, food and refrigerator should leave a gap of about 10 millimeters or more. Use several plastic boxes to hold water, make ice in the freezer and put it into the freezer, which can prolong the downtime and reduce the start-up time.
The air conditioner starts up instantly with a high current, frequent switching is quite costly, and easy to damage the compressor. Put the fan under the air conditioner, use the fan wind to improve the cooling effect. The air conditioner is turned on immediately after the electric fan. You can save nearly 90% of electricity at night without having to turn on the air conditioner all night. Set the air conditioner to work in dehumidification mode, this time even if the room temperature is a little higher can feel cool, and than the cooling mode to save electricity.
The washing machine in the same long washing time, weak gear work, the motor start more often, that is, the use of strong gear is actually more than the weak gear to save electricity, and can extend the life of the washing machine. Dewatering for 1 minute at 1,680 rpm (turbo only) can result in a 55% dewatering rate. The average spinning time is less than 3 minutes. It is not meaningful to extend the time of dehydration any longer.
Microwave drier foods with water and stir well, before heating with polypropylene plastic wrap covered or wrapped, or use a covered heat-resistant glassware heating. Each heating or cooking food to no more than 0.5 kg is appropriate, it is best to cut into small pieces, the amount of time should be divided into heating, in the middle to be stirred. Use "high heat" whenever possible. In order to reduce the number of times the microwave oven is switched on and off when defrosting food, you can move the food from the freezer to the freezer in advance, slowly defrosting, and making full use of the "cold energy" in the frozen food.
When the computer is not used for a short period of time, enable the computer's "sleep" mode, energy consumption can be reduced to less than 50%; turn off unused programs and speakers, printers and other peripherals; less hard disk, floppy disks, CD-ROMs and work at the same time; reduce the brightness of the display. Notebook computers should pay special attention to: complete discharge of the battery; as far as possible not to use external devices; close the temporary use of equipment and interfaces; turn off the screen saver; reasonable choice of shutdown: the need for immediate recovery using the "standby", the battery to use the "sleep" election However, it is not advisable to let the fire go beyond the bottom of the pot to avoid wasting gas. Summer temperatures are high, boiling water before not cover, so than the air temperature of the water and air for heat exchange, such as natural warming to the air temperature and then cover the water, can save gas. Before cooking, dry the pot outside the water droplets, can cook the food as much as possible without steaming method of cooking, not easy to cook the food with pressure cooker or smokeless stainless steel pot cooking, heating cooked food microwave oven and so on, also help to save gas.
A short meeting is also a savings, lighting, air conditioning, amplification of electricity can be saved. The soon-to-expire perfume can be sprayed on dry flowers stuffed into pillows, laundry water and mopped floors. Unplug any electrical appliances as soon as they are not in use.
Use public transportation as much as possible, and when you go shopping by car, make sure you have a shopping plan and buy as much as you can at one time. Walking, biking, taking the light rail and subway, and driving less. Drive energy-saving: avoid cold start, reduce idling time, avoid sudden changes in speed, choose the right gear to avoid low-speed high speed, regular oil changes, high speed windows, tire pressure to be appropriate.
Use more e-mail, MSN, QQ and other instant messaging tools, less use of fax printers, more tree planting. 7. Eat less food with bags, reduce the number of times the bag is used
More buses. Transportation generates more than 30 percent of greenhouse gas emissions, and one of the best ways to reduce such emissions is to take the bus. According to the American Public Transportation Federation, public transportation saves nearly 5.3 billion liters of gas a year, which means 1.5 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions.
Stick to small habits
One less elevator ride reduces carbon emissions by 0.218kg
Turning on the air conditioner for one hour less reduces carbon emissions by 0.621kg
Blowing on the fan for one hour less reduces carbon emissions by 0.045kg
Watching TV for one hour less reduces carbon emissions by 0.096kg
The best way to do this is to take public transit, which saves nearly 5.3 billion liters of natural gas every year, according to the American Public **** Transportation Consortium. emissions
Using fewer light bulbs for one hour reduces carbon emissions by 0.041kg
Driving one kilometer less reduces carbon emissions by 0.22kg
Eating less fast food reduces carbon emissions by 0.48kg
Burning one kilogram less of paper money reduces carbon emissions by 1.46kg
Throwing away 1kg less of If you throw away 1kg of garbage, you reduce carbon emissions by 2.06kg
If you eat 1kg less beef, you reduce carbon emissions by 13kg
If you save one kilowatt-hour of electricity, you reduce carbon emissions by 0.638kg
If you save one kilowatt-hour of water, you reduce carbon emissions by 0.194kg
If you save one kilowatt-hour of natural gas, you reduce carbon emissions by 2.1kg
< p> If we do each of these things every day, we can reduce our carbon emissions by 21.173kg per dayIf everyone in China does each of these things every day, we can reduce our carbon emissions by 2,964,2200,000kg per day, which is about 3x10^6 tons
If everyone around the world does each of these things, we can reduce our carbon emissions by 1,0586,500,000,000kg per day
If everyone around the world does each of these things, we can reduce our carbon emissions by 2,586,500,000,000kg per day. If everyone in the world can do each of these things every day, then we can reduce carbon emissions by 10,586,500,000kg per day, which is about 1.1x10^8 tons
"Low-carbon" is a concept that covers a wide range of content, and all the ways to reduce carbon dioxide emissions can be collectively referred to as low-carbon, including energy saving and emission reduction in industrial production, green design of buildings, and energy saving of automobiles. design of buildings, and energy saving of automobiles. Low-carbon living for the home, can also try to save energy, reduce the emission of harmful substances.
Simple and generous is most conducive to energy saving
In recent years, the simple design style has gradually become the dominant style of home decoration. And the simple style is precisely the most reasonable key factors in home energy saving, of course, simple is not the same as simple, as long as the design is well thought out, simple style is very suitable for modern decoration, especially for young people's decoration to use. And this design style can minimize the waste of materials in home improvement. Transparent design is slowly being accepted by more and more homeowners, and such a design to maintain ventilation and air circulation at the same time, but also largely reduce energy waste.
Color returns to environmental protection and nature
The previous home is always the same white, with the development of the chemical industry, the color of the home is more and more. In fact, the use of color is also related to energy saving, too much use of red, green, purple and other dark colors will actually waste energy.
Especially in the high temperature season, due to the dark color of the paint is more heat-absorbing, large areas designed to be used in home improvement wall, absorbing a lot of heat during the day, and the use of air conditioning in the evening will increase the energy consumption of the living room.
Green building materials to build a low-carbon life
In the renovation process, in fact, can be more in some do not pay attention to the fastness of the "zone" to use similar light steel keel, gypsum boards and other lightweight partition materials, as little as possible to use clay solid bricks, spotlights, aluminum windows and doors. In some design can also be considered to give up, such as the vast majority of families only occasionally use spotlights and light strips, in fact, is the design of the cost is not expensive, is likely to become a big waste. Completely through the material contrast, color matching and other means, instead of spotlights and light strips.
In addition, when moving to a new home, can continue to use the furniture try not to change. More use of bamboo, rattan furniture, these materials are renewable, but also reduce the consumption of forest resources