Malassezia is a common pathogenic bacteria, can be transmitted through a variety of ways. Among them, the most common way of transmission is through direct contact between people. When coughing, sneezing or talking, the Malassezia bacteria in the throat, nasal cavity or oral cavity are sprayed out with saliva droplets, which can be inhaled by other people and then infected with the disease.
In addition, Malassezia can be spread through food, water, medical devices, and everyday items that users share with each other. For example, people can become infected with Malassezia by eating food that smells bad, drinking contaminated water, and using utensils, cups, and towels that have been passed on from infected people. In addition, medical equipment is often a source of infection, such as infections due to surgery performed with non-clean medical equipment, which is a common route of infection with Malassezia.
2. Susceptible People
Malassezia infection can infect almost anyone, but some people are more susceptible to the disease. For example, people with lower immunity, such as patients undergoing long-term chemotherapy, organ transplants and immunosuppressive therapy, and AIDS patients are susceptible to infection. In addition, the elderly, the disabled, people who have been hospitalized for long periods of time and those who are malnourished are all susceptible.
3. Symptoms of Malassezia infection
Malassezia infection often manifests itself in gastroenteritis symptoms, such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and abdominal cramps. In addition, Malassezia may also cause respiratory infections that manifest as fever, sore throat, and cough. In those with weakened immune systems, Malassezia infections can also lead to sepsis and multiple organ infections.
4, prevention and control
In the prevention and control of Malassezia infection, there are the following key points:
(1) Strictly in accordance with the personal hygiene habits of life, wash your hands regularly, do not use crowded public **** bathrooms, do not share utensils, towels, etc..
(2) Maintain environmental hygiene and regularly disinfect public **** places, toilets, medical equipment, etc.
(3) Food safety requirements. Food processing requirements are standardized, and measures such as enhanced management of food service operations need to be implemented.
(4) Vaccination. Since Malassezia is a bacterium, it is important for the prevention and control of the disease, and vaccination is one of the most effective measures.