On December 16, 1926, Bai Gu'en was admitted to the Trudeau Sanatorium in New York State, U.S.A., with tuberculosis. At that time, a patient with tuberculosis was like a prisoner sentenced to death, and there was little hope of saving his life. In those days, there were no effective treatments available at the sanatorium. The most common method was "rest therapy", i.e., hunting and fishing in nature, so that one's own strength could overcome the disease. However, Paik was not willing to let nature take its course, and he did not believe that there was no other way. He broke into the hospital library and finally found hope in an article called "Surgical Treatment of Tuberculosis". The article showed that an artificial pneumothorax method could be used to rehabilitate tuberculosis patients. Specifically, air needles were injected into the patient's chest so that the diseased lungs infiltrated with tuberculosis bacteria would contract and get a real rest, especially effective for patients whose lesions were concentrated in one lobe of the lung. At that time, there were only seventeen cases in the United States in which the artificial pneumothorax method was used with success. There was no precedent in our hospital, and the doctors were not yet afraid to use this method to treat patients. However, at the repeated and justified request and insistence of Bai Qun, the sanatorium authorities agreed to give Bai Qun treatment. The operation was a success. Having been ill for more than a year, Bai Koun finally pulled himself back from the brink of death. Later, Bai Kouen spent two years furthering his studies in bacteriology and conducting a series of experiments. After completing his studies, he returned to Montreal, Canada, where he worked as an assistant under a thoracic surgeon. In the meantime, he invented and improved a variety of surgical instruments: the artificial pneumothorax apparatus, the Paikoum rib cutter, the Paikoum rib stripper, and so on. Among them, the "Baikouen pneumothorax apparatus" was widely used; famous thoracic surgeons were happy to use the rib scissors modified by him; the iron surgeon's trainee - pulling hooks that could be fixed; rib strippers and so on. The famous Bieling & Sons Instrument Company signed a long-term patent contract with him. His teacher praised, "He's a brilliant inventor."
(II) Mobile Blood Transfusion Stations
In 1936, German and Italian fascists intervened in the Spanish Revolution with armed force. A medical team to aid Spain was formed with Bai Chun as its leader. At that time, Spain only had a blood transfusion station in Madrid, but this blood station is not very useful, can transport a small number of wounded, most of them sacrificed on the way. After eight days of careful observation and deliberation, this strongly enterprising ****productive party member and renowned inventor finally found the most urgent problem to be solved in the ambulance - blood transfusion. He suggested: establish a mobile blood station to send blood directly to the front line. Simple to say, difficult to do. Colleagues, superiors do not agree; dangerous; their own blood transfusion is an amateur; lack of equipment; how to solve the blood source ......, but this series of difficulties did not deter Bai Qiu'en, he persuaded the leadership, purchased equipment, solved the problem of the blood source, and learn from an expert to ask for advice about blood transfusion technology and problems. The mobile blood station was built! An ambulance drove up at the place where the shell had just fallen. Bai Chun and his assistants jumped out of the car and quickly gave blood transfusions to the wounded who were already dying. In this way, Bai Qun and his assistants saved the lives of countless soldiers in time. At the height of the battle, the daily blood transfusion at the position was as high as more than a hundred times.
This pioneering work of Bai Qunun sensationalized the entire front line, and was even reported by foreign radio stations and newspapers. It was adopted by both sides of the belligerents in the Second World War. Soong Ching-ling highly praised his initiative in an article: Dr. Bai was the first doctor to send a blood bank to the battlefield, and his blood transfusion work had saved the lives of hundreds of fighters for Spain **** and the country.
(C) Volunteer Blood Transfusion Teams
This was after Bai Qun came to China. Everyone knows the story of the blood transfusion given to the wounded by Bai Koun. This story actually exposed a problem: the blood supply was tight. It was the exposure of this problem that led to an invention.
Everyone knows the common sense of blood transfusion: blood types are different, and you can't just transfuse blood. On the battlefield, in the absence of a ready source of blood, blood transfusion can only be done now. Put a person's blood into the blood vessels of the wounded, there is a blood type test in the middle of the link. This is a very troublesome and urgent matter for the battlefield where "time is life". A little bit of time later, may be sacrificed one more soldier. Bai Kuren from the masses have come to donate blood to get inspired, if the blood type in advance, and the red cloth and black letter blood type marking pin in the "blood transfusion team" in front of the chest, need to use time can be taken at any time. So, after discussion and research, another initiative in the People's War - including all the staff of the hospital, naturally, including Bai Qun; also includes the vast majority of young men and women in Yangjiazhuang, in addition to some of the elderly. This was the first "volunteer blood transfusion team" on the anti-fascist battlefield.
In Spain, Bai Qun was the first to send blood to the front. But how many difficulties did the blood transfusion have to go through: expensive blood storage equipment, modern means of transportation, enemy fire ....... Today, on the battlefields of the Chinese people's war against Japan, which is an anti-fascist aggression, he sees a different scene. No need for refrigeration equipment, no need for long-distance transportation, where there are people, where there is an inexhaustible blood bank. He said excitedly, "This is simply an innovation in the history of surgical medicine, the masses are our blood bank. In Spain, I did not think of this approach. Chairman Mao said that by mobilizing the masses and relying on them, all difficulties can be overcome, and what a great idea this is! I admire the level of consciousness of the Chinese people and your work of organization and mobilization."
(4) "Lugou Bridge"
The characteristics of guerrilla warfare are mobility and flexibility, and the absence of fixed locations. This brought great inconvenience and danger to the transfer and work of medical teams. In the process of transfer, either the medicines and equipments were broken, or they met the enemy. Thus, "means of transportation" became the key to solving this difficulty. Bai Qiu'en thought hard: to reduce the equipment, that is limited; to make piggybacks, solved the problem of "walking", but could not solve the problem of "spread", "put up", the cloth is too soft, the piggybacks are too soft, the cloth is too soft, the cloth is too soft. The piggyback is too soft, to the place a spread, medicine, equipment in the process of running on the crash ......
Once, Bai Qiu'en from a child driving a donkey on the back of the pack was inspired, together with everyone, designed a medicine pack. The external image of a "bridge", "bridge" top is a box without a lid, inside can store a variety of splints; "bridge" on each side of three drawers, drawers with a number of small compartments, can be loaded with a variety of surgical instruments and medicines. All kinds of surgical instruments and medicines, two packs on the cross over a door, it becomes a lightweight and flexible operating table, with this pack, plus a dressings basket, you can hold the next hundred surgical and five hundred times to change the instruments and medicines. In other words, an operating room, a dressing change room, a small pharmacy can be put on the back of the horse pack away.
Practice has proved that this medicine pack is a suitable means of transportation for guerrilla warfare. It has the characteristics of easy to carry, quick action, and multi-purpose. Half an hour can be unfolded, fifteen minutes can be put away, which is flexible for the battlefield rescue work, has great superiority.
Later, a small soldier gave a name, called "Lugou Bridge", meaning that one is to commemorate the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and the other is that this is not a general "bridge", which is the crystallization of the people's wisdom.
(E) Bipu
The environment of the guerrilla war was tough. Many wounded lost their lives without waiting for treatment because treatment was delayed during frequent transfers. In order to prevent this from happening, Paik invented Bipu, a long-lasting healing ointment.
This ointment is a mixture of yellow iodine, bismuth subnitrate, and flowing paraffin (or sesame oil) formulated as an oil that prevents wounds from drying out and also has a disinfectant effect.
After applying this ointment, you can control the infection and prevent the wound from deteriorating, even if you don't have access to surgery and dressing changes for a longer period of time. What is especially good is that this ointment is easy to remove when changing the medicine, even the wounded themselves can change the medicine.
The above short stories are compiled on the basis of my reading notes of "Bai Qun in China" (updated version, written by Sheng Xiangong, etc., 2nd edition, 79). I was y moved by Bai Qun's deeds. In order to express my reverence for the spirit of Bai Qun, this document to the majority of young friends, may you learn from Bai Qun, to be a good teenager.