Microelectronics refers to the manufacturing and research fields of microelectronic devices and chips, and also refers to related industries that apply microelectronic technology. Chip is one of the important products in microelectronics. It is the core part of the integrated circuit. It consists of a large number of electronic components, transistors, resistors and capacitors, and is used to store and process information.
The role of microelectronics:
1, information storage and processing
As the core part of integrated circuits, microelectronic chips can store and process a large amount of information. This makes modern computers, smart phones, tablets and other electronic devices possible, and improves their performance and functions.
2. Communication and wireless technology
Microelectronics technology plays an important role in communication system and radio technology. For example, microelectronic chips are used to manufacture mobile phones, satellite communication equipment, wireless local area networks, etc. Realize information transmission and wireless communication.
3. Control and automation
Microelectronics technology is widely used in control system and automation field. Microcontroller chip can control and manage all kinds of equipment and systems, such as elevators, industrial machinery, automotive electronic systems and so on. And improve production efficiency and safety.
Classification of microelectronics:
1, application field classification
Communication and information technology: including mobile phones, computers, communication equipment, etc. Control and automation: including household appliances, industrial automation, transportation, etc. Medical and biotechnology: including medical equipment, biosensors, etc. Energy and environment: including solar panels and energy management systems. Consumer electronics: including TV, audio equipment, game consoles, etc.
2, process manufacturing classification
Thick film electronic technology: made by thick film technology. Thin film electronic technology: using thin film technology. Micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) technology: combining microelectronics and micro-mechanical manufacturing technology.
3, material classification
Silicon-based microelectronics: a microelectronic device made of silicon as the main material. III-V compound semiconductor: a microelectronic device made of compound materials such as gallium nitride and gallium arsenide. Organic electronics: Microelectronic devices made of organic materials.