One, direct financial leasing
Direct financial leasing, refers to the lessee to choose the leasing object that needs to be purchased, and the lessor leases the leased object to the lessee through the assessment of the risk of leasing project. The lessee does not have the right of ownership but enjoys the right of use during the entire leasing period and is responsible for the repair and maintenance of the leased object. It is applicable to the acquisition of fixed assets and large-scale equipment, as well as the technological transformation and equipment upgrading of enterprises.
Direct financial leasing operation process:. The lessee selects the supplier and the leased object; 2. The lessee submits an application for financial leasing business to the financial leasing company; 3. The financial leasing company and the lessee conduct technical and commercial negotiations with the supplier; 4. The financial leasing company and the lessee sign a Financial Leasing Contract; 5. The financial leasing company signs a Sales and Purchase Contract with the supplier and purchases the leased object; 6. The financial leasing company uses the funds raised in the capital market to pay the supplier as a loan. The financial leasing company uses the funds raised in the capital market as a loan to pay to the supplier; 7. the supplier delivers the leased goods to the lessee; 8. the lessee pays the rent on schedule; 9. at the end of the lease period, the financial leasing company transfers the ownership of the leased goods to the lessee under the condition of normal performance of the contract by the lessee.
Two, sale and leaseback
Sale and leaseback is a leasing mode in which the lessee sells the homemade or purchased assets to the lessor and then leases them back to the lessor and uses them. During the lease period, the ownership of the leased asset is transferred and the lessee only has the right to use the leased asset. Both parties can agree that at the end of the lease period, the lessee will continue to lease or buy back the leased asset at the agreed price. This approach is conducive to the lessee's revitalization of existing assets, can quickly raise the funds needed for enterprise development, in line with market demand.
Applicable to enterprises with insufficient liquidity; enterprises with new investment projects and insufficient own funds; enterprises holding fast-appreciating assets.
The operation process of sale and leaseback: 1. the original equipment owner sells the equipment to the financial leasing company; 2. the financial leasing company pays the purchase price to the original equipment owner; 3. the original equipment owner as the lessee leases the sold equipment back to the financial leasing company; 4. the lessee, i.e., the original equipment owner, pays the rent to the lessor (the financial leasing company) on a regular basis.
Three, leveraged leasing
Leveraged leasing is similar to the practice of syndicated loans, a kind of financial leasing with tax benefits specializing in large-scale leasing projects, mainly led by a leasing company as the backbone of the company, for a mega leasing project financing.
First of all, the establishment of a leasing company from the main body of the operation - specifically for the project to set up a fund management company to provide more than 20% of the total amount of the project, the rest of the source of funds is mainly to absorb the banks and the community of idle capital, the use of 100% to enjoy the benefits of low tax! The rest of the funding sources are mainly absorbing banks and social idle capital, utilizing the advantage of 100% low tax to obtain huge amount of funds for the leasing project with the leverage of "two for eight". The rest of the practice and financial leasing is basically the same, except that the complexity of the contract due to the wide-ranging and consequent increase.
Because of the tax benefits, standardized operation, good overall efficiency, safe rental recovery, low cost, generally used in aircraft, ships, communications equipment and large sets of equipment for financial leasing.
Four, entrusted leasing
The entrusted leasing is the person who owns the funds or equipment entrusted to the non-banking financial institutions to engage in financial leasing, the first lessor is the principal at the same time, and the second lessor is the trustee at the same time. The lessor accepts the funds or the subject matter of the lease from the principal, and according to the principal's written entrustment, handles the financial leasing business to the lessee designated by the principal. The ownership of the subject matter of the lease belongs to the principal during the lease period, and the lessor only receives the handling fee and bears no risk. A major feature of this entrusted leasing is that there is no leasing right of the enterprise, you can "borrow the right" to operate.
Fifth, sublease
The same object as the subject of the financial leasing business. In the sublease business, the lessee of the previous lease contract at the same time to be the lessor of the next lease contract, known as the subleaser. The sublessor rents the leased object from another lessor and subleases it to a third party, the sublessor collects the difference in rent for the purpose, and the ownership of the leased object belongs to the first lessor. Subleasing involves at least four parties: the equipment supplier, the first lessor, the second lessor (first lessee), and the second lessee. Sublease involves at least three contracts: purchase contract, lease contract, assignment of lease contract.
Six, structured **** enjoyment of the lease
Structured **** enjoyment of the lease refers to the lessor in accordance with the lessee's choice of supplier, the leased object and designation, to the supplier to purchase the leased object, to provide the lessee with the use of the lessee, the lessee pays the rent according to the contract. Among other things, the rent is measured and agreed upon on the basis of the cash flow generated after the leased item itself is put into operation, and it is a leasing method in which the lessor and the lessee *** enjoy the proceeds of the leasing project. The share of the rent includes the cost of acquisition, related expenses (e.g., capital costs), and a portion of the projected level of revenue from the project to be shared by the lessor.
Usually applicable to communications, ports, electric power, urban infrastructure projects, ocean-going vessels and other projects with large contractual amounts, longer terms, and better revenue expectations.