By working principle
1, volumetric pump
Relying on the movement of the working parts to cause the working volume to periodically increase and decrease the suction and discharge of liquid, and rely on the working parts of the extrusion of the pressure of the liquid can directly increase.
According to the different ways of moving parts movement is divided into: reciprocating pumps and rotary pumps. According to the different structure of moving parts: piston pumps and plunger pumps, gear pumps, screw pumps, vane pumps and water ring pumps.
2, impeller pump
Impeller pumps rely on the impeller to drive the liquid high-speed rotation and transfer mechanical energy to the conveyed liquid.
Based on the pump impeller and flow channel structure features of different impeller type can be divided into:
Centrifugal pumps, axial pumps, mixed flow pumps, vortex pumps.
3, jet pump (jet pump)
It is the work of the fluid generated by the high-speed jet ejection fluid, and then through the momentum exchange and the energy of the ejected fluid increases.
Pumps can also be divided into:
vertical pumps, horizontal pumps according to the pump shaft position.
By the number of suction port:
Single suction pump, double suction pump.
Divided by the prime mover driving the pump:
Electric pump, turbine pump, diesel pump, pneumatic diaphragm pump.
Application areas
In the production of chemical and petroleum sector, raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products are mostly liquids, and raw materials into semi-finished products and finished products, need to go through a complex process, the pump in these processes play a role in conveying liquids and provide the pressure flow of the chemical reaction, In addition, the pump is used to regulate the temperature of the temperature in many installations.
In agricultural production, the pump is the main irrigation and drainage machinery. China's rural area is vast, every year rural areas need a large number of pumps, generally speaking, agricultural pumps accounted for more than half of the total output of pumps.
In the mining and metallurgical industries, the pump is also the most used equipment. Mines need to use pumps to drain water, in mineral processing, smelting and rolling process, need to use pumps to water supply, etc..
In the electric power sector, nuclear power plants need nuclear main pumps, secondary pumps, tertiary pumps, thermal power plants need a large number of boiler feed pumps, condensate pumps, oil and gas mixing pumps, circulating pumps and ash pumps.
In the national defense construction, aircraft flaps, rudder and landing gear adjustment, warships and tank turret rotation, submarine sinking and floating, etc. need to use the pump. High-pressure and radioactive liquids, some also require the pump without any leakage and so on.
In short, whether it is an airplane, rockets, tanks, submarines, or drilling, mining, trains, ships, or daily life, everywhere you need to use the pump, everywhere there are pumps in operation. It is so, so the pump as a general-purpose machinery, it is a class of mechanical industry in the main products.
Electric pumps, that is, electrically driven pumps. Electric pump is composed of the pump body, water pipe, pump seat, submersible motor (including cable) and starting protection device. Pump body is the working parts of the submersible pump, which consists of intake pipe, guide shell, backstop valve, pump shaft and impeller and other components. There are two ways to fix the impeller on the shaft.
Expanded Information
Precautions
1, if the pump has any small failure remember not to let it work. If the pump shaft packing finish wear and tear to be added in time, if you continue to use the pump will leak. This brings the direct impact of the motor to increase energy consumption and will damage the impeller.
2, if the pump in the process of using a strong vibration this time must stop to check what is the reason, otherwise the same will cause damage to the pump.
3, when the pump bottom valve leakage, some people will use dry soil into the pump inlet pipe, water to the bottom valve, this practice is really not desirable. Because when the dry soil into the inlet pipe when the pump starts to work these dry soil will enter the pump, then it will damage the pump impeller and bearings, this shortens the life of the pump. When the bottom valve leaks must be taken to the repair, if it is very serious then you need to replace the new one.
4, the pump must pay attention to maintenance after use, for example, when the pump is used up to put the water in the pump clean, it is best to be able to remove the water pipe and then rinse with water.
5, the water pump on the tape should also be removed, and then rinsed with water in the light after drying, do not put the tape in a dark and damp place. The tape of the water pump must not be stained with oil, not to mention the tape coated with something sticky.
6, to carefully check whether there is a crack on the impeller, impeller fixed in the bearing is loose, if there is a crack and loose phenomenon should be promptly repaired, if the pump impeller above the soil should also be cleaned up.
Baidu Encyclopedia - Pump
Baidu Encyclopedia - Water Pump