How to deal with radioactive waste? After many factories produce products, the rest are wastes, which are radioactive and harmful to our health. Let me look at the information about how to deal with radioactive waste with you. Let's have a look.
How to deal with radioactive waste 1 0 1, radioactive liquid treatment
(1) radioactive waste liquid: it is necessary to use a special radioactive waste water treatment device or a separate sewage tank to store and discharge radioactive waste liquid in turn. Waste liquid with radioactive concentration less than or equal to "public-derived inhalation concentration" DIC (public) can be treated as non-radioactive waste liquid and discharged into the sewer system.
In addition, the waste liquid can also be injected into the container and stored for 10 half-life before being discharged into the sewer system. If the waste liquid contains long half-life nuclides, it can be solidified first and then treated as solid waste.
(2) Treatment of patients' excreta: Patients who use radioactive drugs should use special toilets with radiation protection signs in the process of diagnosis and treatment to collect and manage patients' excreta in a unified way.
02, radioactive solid waste treatment
(1) Collection of radioactive solid waste: according to the combustible and nonflammable properties of waste and whether it has pathogen toxicity. The dirt bucket for collecting waste should have an outer protective layer and an ionizing radiation sign. The place where the dirt bucket is placed should avoid the places where the staff work and often go in and out. Special plastic bags should be placed in the dirt bucket to store the waste directly. Transfer it to the storage room when it is full.
(2) Storage of radioactive solid waste:
Radioactive solid storage should meet the requirements of radiation health protection. The radioactive storage room should be equipped with ventilation equipment, and the entrance and exit should be marked with ionizing radiation signs.
Storage containers such as waste bags and waste barrels must be in a prominent position, indicating the types of waste, nuclides, specific activities and storage dates.
Jackets should be attached to syringes and garbage bags with broken glass.
(3) radioactive solid waste treatment:
Radioactive solid waste is classified and collected according to the half-life and naturally decays in the radioactive storage room. Solid waste contaminated by pathogens must be disinfected first, and then treated as radioactive solid waste.
Short half-life nuclides (half-life < 15 days) are stored 10 half-life, and the specific activity is reduced to 7.4× 104Bq/kg, and then treated as non-radioactive waste; Long-half-life radioactive waste is temporarily stored in a decay chamber and handed over to a specialized agency for recycling.
Waste sealed radioactive sources below GBq level must be stored in facilities with sufficient external radiation shielding capacity for disposal.
Radioactive waste storage should be marked with the name, date of placement and date of disposal, and registered. Radioactivity should be measured before delivery, and sealed with red plastic bags after reaching the specified discharge level; The handover date, waste name, weight, production department, handler and handover unit shall be registered at the time of handover. Hospital waste storage points should be placed by special personnel.
03. Disposal of radioactive airborne wastes
(1) Where 133Xe is used to diagnose and check patients, there should be a device to recover 133Xe from patients' exhaled breath, and it is not allowed to be directly discharged into the atmosphere.
(2) Airborne waste with radioactive concentration less than or equal to DAC (public) is non-radioactive waste gas, which can be directly discharged.
How to treat radioactive waste 2 Radioactive waste treatment refers to all operational practices of radioactive waste suitable for final disposal (including discharge into the atmosphere or water), such as collection, classification, concentration, incineration, compression, decontamination, solidification, packaging, storage and transportation. The goal of waste treatment is to minimize the volume of radioactive waste, thus reducing the cost of storage, transportation and disposal; And recycle or reuse as much as possible to reduce environmental emissions. The total amount and concentration of radioactivity discharged must comply with the relevant provisions. Waste must be collected, stored and treated separately to prevent cross-contamination or spread of pollution.
Collection of radioactive waste
All kinds of radioactive wastes should be collected at the place where they are produced and stored in temporary storage facilities with different receiving methods and transportation equipment. The purpose of classified collection is to facilitate separate treatment and disposal by different methods. Usually, wastes are divided into liquid, solid and gas wastes according to their physical state, and then further divided into high, medium and low radioactive wastes according to their specific activity (or radioactive concentration), which is referred to as high, medium and low radioactive wastes for short. Some special radionuclides should also be collected separately, such as tritium-containing wastes and transuranic wastes (see transuranic elements). Solid waste can also be divided into combustible waste, noncombustible waste and compressible waste.