Medical gloves are divided into examination gloves, surgical gloves and medical gloves for handling chemical reagents according to their subdivided uses. According to whether it is sterilized or not, it is divided into sterilized/sterile medical gloves and non-sterilized medical gloves.
Non-medical gloves include labor gloves (other occupational protective gloves), industrial gloves and household gloves.
According to the material of gloves, they are divided into latex gloves, nitrile gloves, polyethylene (PE) gloves, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gloves and polyurethane (PU) gloves.
According to whether it contains powder or not, it is divided into powder gloves and powder-free gloves.
Medical gloves are designed to prevent the hands of medical staff from being contaminated or infected by microorganisms, and also to prevent the spread of microorganisms existing in the skin or hands, avoid being damaged by chemicals or reduce the damage of sharp instruments. Use medical gloves in hospitals and clinics to protect medical staff and patients and reduce cross-infection between doctors and patients.
Latex gloves are made of natural rubber latex or glue solution, which is very suitable for hand skin, has excellent physical properties and is widely used. However, some people will have latex allergic reaction to protein in latex after long-term contact with latex products, leading to contact dermatitis and even systemic allergic reaction.
Nitrile gloves are an ideal substitute for latex gloves, which have superior comfort and are suitable for non-sterile operations involving sharp instrument operation, handling cytotoxic substances and disinfectants in high-risk contact with blood or body fluids. It is completely suitable for medical staff with latex allergy and can avoid the work risk caused by latex allergy.
In order to put on and take off rubber gloves conveniently, glove manufacturers will apply various powders as lubricants. Powder medical gloves can contain lycopodium clavatum seeds and talcum powder or their mixture, or treated corn flour, and absorbable powder mixed with 2% magnesium oxide as drying agent.
The powder of medical gloves has the following hazards:
(1) When gloves are put on and taken off, the powder is dispersed in aerosol state, which causes adverse reactions of medical staff, including allergies and airway inflammation, postoperative complications and even death of patients.
(2) Delaying the wound healing of surgical patients and increasing the risk of postoperative infection.
(3) Medical staff wearing powdery medical gloves for a long time causes allergic dermatitis reactions such as skin redness and itching.
(4) Laboratory staff wearing gloves with medical starch as lubricant will affect some laboratory results and may even lead to misdiagnosis.
2065438+In mid-June, 2009, the State Administration of Medical Supplies issued an information bulletin on medical device adverse events, reminding medical institutions to pay attention to the risks of using powdery medical gloves, and suggesting that medical institutions use powdery medical gloves with caution or even eliminate them. The report shows that after evaluation, the advantages of adding powder to medical gloves are to prevent gloves from sticking and to be easy to wear. The risk is that it may cause allergic reaction, granuloma formation, adhesion and other complications in patients who wear wounds.
20 16 the health care system in Germany and Britain has completely stopped using powder gloves.
In March of the same year, the FDA issued a document, proposing to stop using pink gloves in the American medical system, and officially announced the ban on 20 16+02+06.
The American Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) in China also began to pay attention to the risks of powdery medical gloves in June, 20 18, and suggested that people with clinical surgery, invasive operation and allergic constitution should use powdery gloves with caution, and can switch to powder-free gloves.