Dear tourist friends:
Hello everyone!
Welcome to visit Tiansheng Sanqiao, a world natural heritage and national 5A-level scenic spot. I am very happy to be the guide of this trip. First of all, please allow me to introduce myself. My last name is * , you can call me Xiao*, I hope my sincere service can bring you a satisfied smile. During the tour, if you have any questions about the construction of our scenic spot or I have not explained it clearly enough, please ask and I will do my best to answer it for you. I hope it can bring you a pleasant trip. Thank you all!
Today we visited the Tiansheng Sanqiao Scenic Area Tourist Trail, which is 2 kilometers long and takes about 90 minutes in one direction. In order to have a safe and enjoyable tour, here, Xiao * will give you some warm tips: First, please pay attention to safety and do not climb cliffs and exceed the tour route; second, please cooperate with our work to maintain the facilities and equipment of the scenic spot and browse Order; three-protect forest fire prevention, environmental sanitation protection, we have prepared fresh air for everyone. The place where we are now has an average altitude of 1,000 meters, and the number of negative oxygen ions per cubic meter is 10,000-20,000. It is the Chongqing Liberation Monument 66 times (Chongqing Jiefangbei 300-500/cubic meter), smokers please wash your lungs, smoking is prohibited throughout the scenic area. In addition, and most importantly, please keep the electronic tickets in your hands for use at the exit.
Downhill
I would like to ask my friends, how did you know about our Wulong? Recommendations from friends, TV, newspapers, travel agencies? If you follow Wulong, you must know that the International Mountain Outdoor Open is broadcast live every year in Wulong. It includes 12 events including mountain biking, alternating cycling and running, orienteering, canyon crossing, underground river crossing, river tracing, rappelling, four-person rubber boat, kayaking, shooting, etc. The schedule is a combination of the characteristics of the project and the uniqueness of Wulong Designed for the natural scenery.
The position of the chain on the right is the starting point of downhill, one of the open events. The athletes use professional climbing ropes for protection and rely on their own gravity and inertia to descend to the mountainside at the fastest speed, with a height of more than 100 meters. It is very thrilling.
(The birth of the Wulong Outdoor Open is quite unintentional. It was at the end of 2002, when several experts from the China Mountaineering Association went to Chongqing for a meeting and took a trip to Wulong. The tour process At that time, an expert lamented: "Wulong's unique natural conditions are simply tailor-made for outdoor competitions!" The leaders of Wulong County and the Sports Bureau saw the opportunity when outdoor sports were just emerging. , represents a new kind of sports and lifestyle, and has a healthy image. More importantly, Wulong's unique karst topography, as well as the conditions of mountains, water and grasslands, are very suitable for outdoor sports. After in-depth discussions, the county made a decision: "Launch the outdoor competition!"
In 2003, the first outdoor competition (it was still an invitational competition) was officially launched. After 8 years of development, the Wulong Outdoor Competition has been launched. Becoming one of the three major outdoor competitions in the world has also enabled Wulong County to achieve comprehensive development. The Wulong Outdoor Open is the only international sports event held year-round in Chongqing and has been held for 8 consecutive years. Now it has become a 'Healthy Chongqing'. A bright business card under construction. )
Elevator
The gray building you see in front of you is the sightseeing elevator, which was completed and put into use in October 2004. The vertical height is 80 meters, and it is divided into two elevators. Each elevator can carry 13 guests at a time, with a carrying speed of 1.75 meters/second and a carrying capacity of 1000KG. The Wulong County Quality Supervision Bureau has set up a "Special Equipment Standardization Notice Board" at the elevator entrance to conduct a comprehensive inspection of the basic conditions of the sightseeing elevator's manufacturing units, installation units, inspection units, maintenance units, as well as inspection personnel, operators, and maintenance personnel. Public announcement and acceptance of tourist supervision create a safe sightseeing environment for tourists taking the elevator.
Let’s go to the front and line up to enter the elevator. Thank you again for your cooperation.
Dear friends, what is above our left is the Yangshui River Grand Canyon, with a total length of 26 kilometers. The average height of the canyon is about 200 meters. The upstream is connected to Fairy Mountain, and the downstream is connected to the Longshui Gorge ground seam. The entire Tiansheng Sanqiao scenic spot covers an area of ??10 square kilometers and is located between Fairy Mountain on the Nanguo Grassland and Wulong County. The altitude is about 1,000 meters and the average temperature throughout the year is about 20 degrees.
Tiansheng Sanqiao is the largest group of Tiansheng Bridges in Asia. They are naturally formed within an area of ??less than 1.2 kilometers, namely Tianlong Bridge, Qinglong Bridge and Heilong Bridge. Xu Xiake, a geographer and great traveler in the Ming Dynasty of my country, once wrote a poem: "Dragon Bridge has three caves, and the faith water has three tides", so it is called "Dragon Bridge". The three Tiansheng Bridges are developed in the ancient and hard carbonate rock formations of the Jialingjiang Formation and Feixianguan Formation of the Lower Triassic, dating back approximately 2.6 million years. The scenic spot was officially opened to tourists on May 1, 2000, and was successfully declared a world natural heritage in June 2007. In August 2011, it was successfully declared a national 5A-level scenic spot. The entire scenic spot consists of mountains, water, waterfalls, gorges, bridges and pits, forming a perfect landscape picture. The main scenic spots can be summarized as 1 gorge, 2 pits and 3 bridges. Gorge 1 is the Yangshui River Grand Canyon, and pit 2 is the two tiankeng: Tianlong Tiankeng and Shenying Tiankeng. 3 bridges are three natural bridges.
The definition of Tiansheng Bridge from geography is: the remaining part across the river valley after the roof of the underground river and cave collapsed. Its two ends are connected to the ground, and the middle is suspended in the shape of a bridge. In karst areas, long-term erosion of rock formations by underground rivers has created large-scale underground caves. Due to the development of dissolution and the expansion of the caves, the top of the caves eventually collapsed like a string of beads. In the area where the cave roof collapsed, a huge sinkhole was formed, and the underground river was exposed as a surface river. The remnants of rock mass or stones across the rock walls on both sides that have not yet collapsed between the connected tiankeng form the karst natural bridge, which is a geological "artwork" carefully carved from groundwater.
Tianlong Bridge (Wooden Ladder)
Our current location is in the bridge opening of the first bridge-Tianlong Bridge. Tianlong Bridge is the only double-arch bridge among the three bridges, consisting of one pier and two bridge holes. Please look up and see that the walls of the Tianlong Bridge are square and very smooth, as if they were man-made. This is the miraculous workmanship of nature, formed naturally by erosion by running water. Tianlong Bridge is the one that most resembles an artificial bridge among the three stone bridges. The total height of the bridge reaches 235 meters, of which the bridge thickness is 150 meters, the span reaches 75 meters, and the average arch height is 96 meters. It is very stable both in terms of mechanics and architecture, and is fully worthy of the title of Chongqing's "Bridge Capital".
The most unique thing about Tianlong Bridge, apart from its resemblance to an artificial bridge, is its piers. There is a labyrinth-shaped cave inside the bridge pier. According to local people, it was a place where bandits hid. Later, they practiced saltpeter and made gunpowder in it. When entering, they must use ropes as marks, otherwise they will lose their way. The main cave is more than 400 meters long. There are large and small passages developed around the main cave, forming a unique cave with holes in the cave and connected holes. In October 2010, it attracted Hunan Satellite TV's "Go Forward" column to explore here!
Tianfu Guanyi
Please take a look, the building in this sinkhole-shaped valley is "Tianfu Guanyi". This name is an old place name, and it is also the name used in the movie. Since the Tang Dynasty, it has been a postal station on an official road connecting the nearby "Zhuantianpu" and "Bingguopu" and further between Fuzhou and Qianzhou. When the scenic spot was first developed, it was still the only way for villages near and far to communicate with each other.
In this quiet courtyard, there are ancient architectural styles, vicissitudes of walls and colonnades. This ancient inn has existed since ancient times, but it was specially restored and rebuilt on the original basis in 2006 for the filming of the movie "A City Full of Golden Armor".
When the martial arts scenes of this film were shot here, Zhang Yimou was very devoted to the filming. Among them, there is a scene where black-clad "killers" from all directions jump off the cliff and meet the Royal Guards. The knights in black were acted by armed police soldiers. They jumped from high places again and again, and some even accidentally fell while somersaulting, adding a bit of chivalry to the entire canyon.
During the filming, Zhang Yimou rented a $30,000-a-day "aviator" to complete his aerial photography of the entire important outdoor scene, allowing the general played by Jay Chou to "capitalize an army of ten thousand people." The scenes are truly reproduced, and the audience can appreciate the majestic momentum of Tiansheng Sanqiao to a greater extent.
Tianlong Tiankeng
We say that Tiansheng Sanqiao is mysterious and weird because it is full of mystery. For example, in the land area of ??only 7 square kilometers near Tiansheng Sanqiao, there are five major tiankeng, including Shangshiyuan Tiankeng, Zhongshiyuan Tiankeng, Xiashiyuan Tiankeng, Shenying Tiankeng and Tianlong Tiankeng where we are now. pit.
Among them, the sinkhole of Zhongshiyuan is more than 200 meters deep, surrounded by cliffs and can be reached by a steep mountain road. There are 16 farmers living in it, which is very rare at home and abroad.
The "cross" shaped tiankeng we are in now is called Tianlong Tiankeng. It is surrounded by Tianlong Bridge, Qinglong Bridge and surrounding mountain walls. Its mouth diameter is 522 meters, its mouth area is more than 190,000 m2, and its maximum depth is 276 meters. It is a collapse type sinkhole.
Having said that, let me introduce you to the relevant knowledge of tiankeng.
Before 2001, tiankeng was only a special name for landscapes such as Xiaozhai tiankeng in Fengjie County, Chongqing. Similar landforms had different names in various places, such as "dragon jar", "stone courtyard", "Shiwei", "Yanwan" and so on. In 2001, tiankeng was proposed by experts as a specialized karst term. In 2005, after the International Karst Tiankeng Investigation Team conducted large-scale inspections in Chongqing and Guangxi, the term "tiankeng" gained unanimous recognition in the international karst academic community, and began to be used internationally as the Chinese pinyin "tiankeng". This is the third karst landform term defined by the Chinese and named in Chinese and Pinyin, after fenglin and fengcong.
There are two types of karst sinkholes: collapse sinkholes and erosion sinkholes.
The first type of collapse type tiankeng occurs deep underground. Collapse is caused by the erosion of underground carbonate rock layers, forming underground caves. The caves collapse. These collapse materials are continuously dissolved and dissolved by water. Moving until the entire underground space is exposed above the ground, a sinkhole is formed. For example, the five tiankeng just mentioned, including the Shangshiyuan tiankeng, the Zhongshiyuan tiankeng, the Xiashiyuan tiankeng, the Shenying tiankeng and the Tianlong tiankeng where we are now, are typical representatives of collapse-type tiankeng.
The second type of erosion type tiankeng is formed by vertical erosion of surface water from the ground. It develops from the ground to deep underground. For example, the Houping tiankeng group in Wulong County and at the border with Fengdu County belongs to the erosion type tiankeng. The five tiankengs in the Houping Tiankeng Group are of typical shape and well-preserved. They are the first and only discovery of this type of Tiankeng Group in my country and even in the world. Together with the Tiansheng Sanqiao Tiankeng Group mentioned above, they are the first Tiankeng Group in the world. The diversification of types of causes adds new examples.
The formation of Tianshengqiao and Tiankeng must meet at least six conditions at the same time:
First, the limestone layer must be thick. Only thick enough rock layers can provide enough space for the formation of sinkholes.
Second, the water level of the underground river must be very deep.
Third, the thickness of the vadose zone (gas-containing rock formation) must be greater.
Fourth, the rainfall must be large, so that the flow and power of the underground river are large enough to wash away the fallen stones.
Fifth, the rock formation must be flat. If you look at the cliffs around the sinkhole, you will find that the rock formations are parallel to the ground, just like layers of stone slabs piled around. Only such rock formations can collapse.
Sixth, the earth’s crust will rise. The movement of the earth's crust will provide power for the collapse of rock formations.
Therefore, the formation of Tianshengqiao and Tiankeng requires many conditions, and they can only be formed through interaction, and each one is indispensable.
Qinglong Bridge
Qinglong Bridge is the most majestic and precipitous of the three natural bridges. Its bridge height is 281 meters, its thickness is 168 meters, its width is 124 meters, its average arch height is 103 meters, and its average span is 31 meters. Among them, it ranks first in the world in terms of bridge height and bridge thickness. Its bridge hole is like an open sky gate. After the rain and the sky clears, under the sunshine, a seven-color rainbow will appear in the sky gate, changing in thousands of ways, just like a green dragon soaring upward, hence its name.
Lvyin Pond
The turquoise water under Qinglong Bridge is Luyin Pond. The water in Green Pond is often mysterious and ever-changing. Under normal circumstances, it is full and the green is bottomless, but sometimes it disappears overnight, leaving only a small stream under the pool, flowing into the crevices at the bottom of the rock; sometimes the green pool will be full of water. Suddenly filled with water, it was as green as before.
What makes Green Pond so mysterious? Are there really gods living in the Pond? In order to find out the truth, our staff poured colored rice bran into the pond when the water was dry, and let it flow into the cracks in the rocks. Later, we discovered the discovery in the section of the Wujiang River in Yangjiao Town, Wulong County. These chaff.
It turns out that this stone crevice is connected to the underground water channel and to the Wujiang River in Yangjiao Town. When the river water level drops, the green pond will dry up. And when it rains heavily and the water in the river rises, the water will gush out from the stone crevice. This may be This is probably the reason why Green Pond is so elusive.
Shenying Tiankeng
Here, Qinglong Bridge and the surrounding stone cliffs form another tiankeng. It is this very regular "kou" type tiankeng, which we call It's the "Condor Tiankeng".
Everyone followed my gesture and looked over, that place is the eagle’s beak. The Eagle's Beak is an excellent place to enjoy the scenery. At the beginning of development, our staff went up there. Standing on top, you can have a panoramic view of the beautiful scenery at the bottom of the pit. This is how Confucius felt: "climb Mount Dong and make Lu small; climb Mount Tai and make the world small"!
Please note that after passing the Shenying Tiankeng, we will start visiting the Black Dragon Bridge.
Some tourists may have this question in their mind: Why are there so many place names and legends about dragons here? It turns out that we Wulong people often say that our surname is "Long"; because Wulong was established as a county in the early Tang Dynasty, and the county was named "Wulong" because of the "Wulong Mountain" and "the mountain shape is like a dragon" within the territory. "Ming Yi Tong Zhi" says: "Wulong Mountain is Longqiao Mountain, fifty miles east of the county, and there is a hollow below." This is actually the Tiansheng Sanqiao where we are now, which was called Longqiao at that time. It can be seen that the origin of the earliest name of Wulong County is directly related to our natural Sanqiao.
Heilong Bridge
“Infinite scenery, the scenery is different; exploring the fairyland, the beauty is beyond words.” The Heilong Bridge is 223 meters high and 107 meters thick. It is 193 meters wide, with an average vault height of 116 meters and an average span of 28 meters. It ranks first in the world in terms of bridge width and average arch height, wider and higher than Qinglong Bridge and Tianlong Bridge. The bridge cave is high and narrow, and the light inside the cave is dim, just like a black dragon circling the top of the cave, hence its name. According to local elders, before liberation, some mountain people once hid there to avoid bandits.
This place is both hidden and eerie. Before the development of the scenic spot, the sky here became dim every evening. In addition, the cliffs were weird, the mountain shadows were ferocious, and the animals and birds screamed strangely. Therefore, the local villagers arrived at 4 p.m. —At 5 o'clock, I no longer dare to pass here.
Heilong Bridge is also the bridge with the most beautiful scenery. Many people may not have thought that amidst such magnificence, there are actually many fertile fields on the bridge, with 32 hills on each side, and the hills are connected together. It is these 32 hills of fertile farmland that create the four springs under the Heilong Bridge, which are known as the three natural springs and one wonder. They have different shapes and postures: (from top to bottom, from front to back)
The first spring, Pearl Spring: hangs high in the sky and is hard to find on the ground.
The second spring, the mist spring: like light smoke, like mist but not mist;
The third spring, the line spring: trickle out, the water flows in a line;
The fourth spring, Sandie Spring: going down the wall, with twists and turns;
On the cave wall opposite us, the calcium carbonate sediments accumulated over the years are like totem carvings from ancient society, as if they were artificial. The exquisitely carved art gallery is lifelike and lifelike, and is also a unique feature in the cave. There is also natural "calligraphy" there. Look, isn't it the word "Dance" on the top, and the word "Dragon" on the bottom?
Longquan Cave
This cave is called "Longquan Cave". The water in the cave flows down all year round, forming a pool on the ground. The water in the pool is always so clear to the bottom. The water in Longquan Cave comes from a leak at the bottom of the sinkhole in Zhongshiyuan 7 kilometers away. The greatest value of the cave is that there is a kind of blind fish living in the cave.
A blind fish is a fish without eyes. It is said that all fish have eyes, but due to changes in their living environment, the eyes of some fish have completely degenerated. Tens of thousands of years ago, the ancestors of the blind fish were carried by the current into underground caves with little or no light. As the long years passed, its eyes degenerated due to no use and became the blind fish it is today. fish. For ordinary animals, it is simply impossible to live without eyes, but although the eyes of blind fish have lost their due function, they can still live a normal life relying on the special senses of other organs. It swims very fast and will not hit aquatic plants, rocks or other fish while swimming. The degeneration of its eyes has not brought any inconvenience to its life.
Optimus Pillar (Wangfu Stone)
Here, we might as well look back and see that there is a solitary peak on the cliff in the distance. We call it "Optimus Pillar" . This is a stone peak left over from millions of years of wind and rain erosion.
There are some lush vegetation growing on the isolated stone peak, which looks like a person's hair. The locals also call this stone peak Wangfu Stone. Legend has it that a long time ago, there was a beautiful girl in the village. Her sweetheart went to the cliffs of deep valleys to collect firewood and collect medicine every day, and she would pick him up on the road every evening. But one day, her sweetheart never came back. From then on, she went to the cliff where her sweetheart disappeared every day to wait. As time went by, she turned into a stone peak and stood on the cliff forever, so she named the stone peak Wangfu Stone.
Exit parking lot (farewell words)
Dear tourists, we are about to arrive at the scenic spot exit parking lot. You can choose to walk or take a battery car to the scenic transfer station. Thank you all for your support and cooperation during the tour. Friends who have not yet exhausted their travels can also visit our other scenic spots in Wulong: the gorgeous underground art palace, the Cave Science Museum - Furong Cave; the majestic Furong River Grand Canyon; the mysterious Longshui Gorge fissure, Oriental Switzerland-Southland At Grassland Fairy Mountain, you can also experience the interesting Huangbaidu rafting. Finally, I wish all my friends a safe journey back home. Xiao* is here to look forward to seeing you again! Thanks!