Manganese ore exceeds 2.1 billion tons, among the highest in the world; iron ore deposits are about 27.5 billion tons, or 30% of the former Soviet Union's reserves. Coal, fuel ore, ceramic ground wax and graphite reserves are relatively rich.In 2008, the total foreign merchandise trade of the U.S.S.R. amounted to 152.536 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 38.5%, of which 67.002 billion U.S. dollars were exported, an increase of 35.9%, and 85.534 billion U.S. dollars were imported, an increase of 41.1%, resulting in a deficit of 18.531 billion U.S. dollars. The main importing countries are Russia (22.7%), Germany (8.4%), Turkmenistan (6.6%), China (6.5%), Poland (5%), Kazakhstan (3.6%), Belarus (3.3%), etc.
According to China's General Administration of Customs (GACC), the volume of China-Ukraine bilateral trade in 2008 amounted to 8.66 billion U.S. dollars, a year-on-year increase of 32.6%. Of this, Chinese exports amounted to $7.48 billion, up 27.4 percent year-on-year, while imports amounted to $1.18 billion, up 78.1 percent year-on-year.