Civil service selection channel for your timely release of the official writing, please distinguish between the same tone disagrees with 50 examples of words.
Public writing, please distinguish between 50 examples of homophonic disagreement words
? thought? and ? think? What's the difference?
Q: How do you tell the difference between ? thought? and ? think? The following two sentences should be used with ? thought? or? think?
1, you do not () I am sad for them, I am proud of them!
2, we (), a leading cadre, should put the interests of the people in the first place, and should not use power for personal gain.
Answer: ? think? Expressing a positive view and judgment, the tone is sure, but also more solemn. ? thought? The tone is less certain and more casual. The word "think" can be used for major things as well as for other things. can be used for important things as well as for general things. The object of "thought" is mostly general things. The object of ? is mostly general things.
In addition, ? thought? can only express personal opinion, ? think? In addition to personal opinion, it can also express the opinion of the group, organization, meeting, etc.
He thought you were not coming. For example:
He thought you were not coming.
The meeting felt that it was important to pay attention to this issue. [Source: Guangming.com (谈文说语)]
? Surprisingly? with? actually? What is the difference?
A: ? surprisingly? and ? actually? are a set of synonyms. They are both adverbs that express surprise and can sometimes be used interchangeably in a sentence, such as ? He lied to his face? and can also be said? He actually lied to his face? He lied to his face. He did the work of five people by himself. or he did the work of five men. He actually did the work of five people by himself. In comparison, the term ? actually? is slightly heavier in tone. (Source: Guangming.com author: Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Institute of Language Dictionary Chao Jizhou)
? Mechanism? system? system? The difference and usage of the three words
? mechanism? system? and ? system? are all polysemous words, and when it comes to social life, they have one sense that is close in meaning and needs to be recognized when used.
? mechanism? can be used to mean ? the process and manner in which the organizations or parts of a working system interact with each other?
For example:
(1) They are actively exploring the establishment of an incentive mechanism for the distribution of wages and incomes of scientific and technical personnel in enterprises.
(2) While continuing to improve the policy of leasing and contracting of barren mountains, they are actively exploring the development of a new mechanism for non-public afforestation and greening.
(3) The practice of this village shows that it is only through the participation of the public in the management of village finances and the establishment of a realistic democratic monitoring mechanism that real results can be achieved.
(4) We need to further strengthen risk management, establish market access and exit mechanisms, and improve fund management forecasting and early warning reporting systems.
(5) This incident also reflects the city government's crisis response mechanism is not fast enough, flexible and efficient.
From the above example, we can see that ? mechanism? referred to, are related to some kind of?
? system? refers to? Institutions, enterprises, institutions, etc., the institutional setup, management authority, work deployment of the system? For example:
(1) We must adhere to the reform and opening up, and constantly improve the socialist market economic system.
(2) China attaches great importance to the construction of the rule of law, and is actively promoting the reform of the judicial system to ensure the realization of fairness and justice in society as a whole.
(3) We want to improve the system of state-owned asset management and strengthen the supervision of state-owned assets with capital management as the main focus.
(4) This hospital has made many useful explorations for the reform of the city's medical system.
(5) Many comrades proposed to increase investment in education and actively promote the reform of the education system.
From the above examples, we can see that ? system? refers to some aspect of the institutional setup and operation.
? system? can be used to refer to? In a certain aspect of the requirements of all *** with the compliance of the rules of procedure or code of conduct? For example:
(1) to serious financial discipline, improve the accounting system, strengthen personnel management, prevent financial risks, strengthen supervision and inspection.
(2)? Golden Week? Vacation system, the city's tourism development has played a huge role in pulling.
(3) The enterprise in the labor force, the implementation of the whole staff competition and layoff diversion system.
(4) The business is committed to consumers at the same time, further strict internal staff management system is necessary.
(5) It is necessary to speed up the reform of the household registration system in large and medium-sized cities.
As can be seen from the above examples, ? system? refers to the rules and regulations of doing things or guidelines for action.
In general, if the focus is on the system that plays a certain role, or, in other words, on a systematic role, it is appropriate to use ? mechanism? If the focus is on the institutional setup and functioning of an area, it is appropriate to use ? Institutional If the focus is on a rule, protocol, regulation or code of conduct, it is appropriate to use the term ? system? [Du Yongdao (article from Secretarial Work Magazine, Issue 4, 2015)]
? Dictionary? Dictionary? Dictionary? The difference between
? Dictionary? is a phraseological tool book. For example:
(1) This idiom dictionary is new to me.
(2) My child has started to learn English, so I went to the street to buy him an English-Chinese dictionary today.
(3) This dictionary of proverbs is published by a publishing house in Shanghai.
(4) I usually consult the Modern Chinese Dictionary the most.
(5) There are many colorful illustrations in the Dictionary of Idioms that he bought.
? Dictionary? On the other hand, it is mostly used to refer to specialized or encyclopedic tools. For example:
(6) This is a medical dictionary in which many medical terms are explained in detail.
(7) I bought a children's encyclopedic dictionary for my grandson yesterday and he liked it very much.
(8) I am very interested in weapons, and I am going to buy a dictionary of military equipment tomorrow.
(9) After many years, Engineer Zhang has been using this Chemical Dictionary.
(10) The Chinese Encyclopedic Dictionary is the first large-scale comprehensive encyclopedic dictionary in China.
? Dictionary? is a collective term for dictionaries, lexicons and other tools. For example:
(11) Over the years, the sales of dictionaries in our store have been good.
(12) In recent years, the quality of dictionaries is noteworthy, and some dictionaries lack originality.
(13) At that time, the compilation of dictionaries was just beginning.
(14) The Dictionary Society has recently discussed this issue.
(15) The study of dictionaries in recent years has been broader and deeper than before.
? Rhetoric? Since it is a ? general term? It is therefore generally inappropriate to speak of a "dictionary". a dictionary? or? several dictionaries?
(Du Yongdao, former editor-in-chief of the Language and Literature News Source: Guoxue.com)
? Chemist? should not be written as ? Makeup artist?
The Guangming Daily once published an article, "The pursuit of aesthetic and poetic realm", which included the sentence, ? She agreed with Wang Xizhong, a make-up artist at the North Film Studio, that the protagonist, the gods and goddesses, and the emperors and generals all needed to be styled in the sentence ? Makeup artist? should be? Makeup artist?
? Makeup? It refers to dressing up when acting, and sometimes it also refers to dressing up for some reason. e.g.
(1) The actor is already in disguise and is waiting to go on stage.
(2) He disguised himself as a foreign tourist to find out what was going on.
? The masquerader? Refers to the person who helps the actor to dress up. e.g.
(3) The masquerader put some oil paint on his face to make him look like an old man in his seventies or eighties.
? Makeup? On the other hand, it refers to beauty treatment and is mostly used for women. For example:
(4) It takes her a while to put on her makeup every morning.
? Makeup artist? It refers to a person who gives beauty treatments. For example:
(5) She asked the make-up artist to color his hair chestnut. (Source: nationalschool.com)
? Relating to ? Related to ? Related? The difference in the use of
A comrade who works as a secretary asked, ? related to the department? related to the situation? and? The relevant department? What is the difference between the two? What is the difference.
? Related? Related? Relevant? has a different meaning.
? Related? means? to have a relationship. When used as a determiner, it means ? There is a relationship between ? or? Involved. For example:
(1) Please ask Secretary Liu to bring the heads of the relevant departments to talk on Wednesday.
(2) On this issue, the relevant parties are now feedback, I will summarize the material to the office tomorrow.
(3) Please inform the people concerned of this provision as soon as possible so that they can prepare in advance.
(4) I would like to ask Secretary Zhang to bring the situation up to speed.
? The relevant ? Then it means ? related to each other? or? involved with each other. For example:
(1) All the brotherly nations are closely related and help each other to move forward on the road of socialism.
(2) In fact, these two issues are closely related.
(3) In these years, the development of the two villages at the foot of the mountain is closely related.
(4) The development of education is closely related to the development of the region's economy.
It can be seen from the above examples that ? related? tends to say that something involves more than one aspect. And ? related? is to say that two aspects of something are related to each other. In other words, ? Related? is often a statement that something is related to something else. unidirectional? and often involves more than one thing;? Related? is said to be the mutual involvement of one thing with another or other things, i.e., the involvement is? bi-directional that is, the relation is bi-directional. Therefore, it is appropriate to say? These two things are closely related. and it is not appropriate to say? These two things are closely related. At the same time, it is appropriate to say ? Related sectors? the situation? The people involved? and so on.
However, it is true that in the use of written language, especially in the use of official language, from time to time to see ? The relevant departments? The relevant situation? Related personnel? The statement. That is to say, this kind of statement has a certain popularity. In fact, these claims of? Relevant? is? Related? in these sayings.
Since there is a certain popularity, it is appropriate to advocate, on the one hand, the use of ? relevant sector? The situation? The people involved? and so on, on the other hand, it is not appropriate to use ? The department concerned? The situation? The people involved? The statements of the relevant departments, the relevant circumstances, the relevant persons, etc. should not be regarded as? The government has not yet made a decision on the matter.
(Author: Du Yongdao, former editor-in-chief of Language and Literature Newspaper, now a member of the Expert Advisory Committee on Standardization of Legislative Terms of the Legal Affairs Commission of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress) (The article is extracted from Secretarial Work Magazine, Issue No. 11, 2014.)
Saying ? make ? and ? do?
? do? The same as? do? There is no difference in Mandarin pronunciation. In some dialects, the two words are pronounced differently (? do? ), and generally spoken language can distinguish the meaning of a word based on its pronunciation, but when it comes to written language (e.g.? 作贡献? But when it comes to written language (e.g. ?作贡献?), there is no basis for trade-offs. The two words are already related, but ? 作? appeared earlier, and ? do? character appeared later, and was only included in the Ming Dynasty's Zi Hui (字汇). Because of the different eras in which the two words were used, there was some entanglement in their composition and usage.
To distinguish between the two characters, of course, we need to look at their denotative items, i.e., the positions they hold. The trouble is that the two words are basically the same. To put it crudely, there are three main items of meaning: one is ? engaged in ? and one is ? produce? and the third is ? Act as ?
Here we suggest a thought on distinguishing these two words: (i) where these two words form a synthetic word as morphemes, then take care to check them according to the form in the thesaurus; (ii) where these two words are used as monosyllabic verbs, then they need to be divided. We will combine these two points below.
I. ? as ? and ? do? are both ? Engage in? and It is customary to write ? do? and when it comes to abstract things, it is customary to write ? As?
(a) as a morpheme composition of synthetic words and idioms (general dictionaries have included)
Do: do things｜do work｜do work｜do work｜dream｜do sound｜do practice (not ?). the way of the devil to do the law ? and it is also not an article's? do the magic (not the magic of a demon, nor the magic of an article) ｜doing theater｜doing ghosts｜delicious and lazy｜one doesn't do it, two don't rest｜daydreaming｜make a big deal out of it. for the wrongdoer｜for the tiger｜for the devourer｜for the falsehood｜for the play｜for the scene｜for the nothing｜for the opportunity｜for the law｜for the death of the law｜for the cocoon｜for the marriage of the people｜for the wall.
A meaning related to this one is ? to pretend? : to make a gesture｜to make a show of oneself｜to make a show of oneself｜to make a fool of oneself｜to make a show of oneself｜to make a show of oneself｜to make a show of oneself｜to make a show of oneself｜to make a show of oneself｜to make a show of oneself｜to make a show of oneself.
Linked to this meaning is ? to rise up, to have an attack ? : to fight｜to cheer up｜to make music (yu?, to play)｜to push the waves｜to make waves｜to make a wave｜to make a storm｜to make a drum｜to make a sunrise｜to make a big shot｜to make a color｜to make a disgust｜to make a demon out of a monster｜to make a sickening noise.
(2) as a monosyllabic verb
⒈ ⒈ object is a general noun, things are more specific, it is customary to use ? Do? : ~ good things ｜ ~ trading ｜ ~ business ｜ ~ hands and feet ｜ ~ surgery ｜ ~ homework ｜ ~ notes ｜ ~ learning ｜ ~ exercises ｜ ~ exercises (questions) ｜ ~ nightmares ｜ ~ things ｜ ~ housework ｜ ~ morning exercises ｜ ~ fitness exercises ｜ ~ soft exercises ｜ ~ carpentry ｜ ~ day shift ｜ ~ conclusion. ～Work, ～Homework? It is customary to use ? Do? One of the reasons for this is that the word "work" is used here. Work and? work? are nouns, and secondly, to avoid the two ? work? words are used in conjunction, which interferes with reading.
A meaning linked to this one is ? to hold an event? The following words are customarily used with ? do? : ~ birthday | ~ full moon | ~ worship | ~ prayer | ~ Buddhist ceremony | birthday | ~ game.
⒉ The object is a gerund (i.e. a verb with grammatical features of a noun), the thing is more abstract, it is customary to use ? as ? : ~investigation｜~examination｜~research｜~analysis｜~judgment｜~inference｜~check｜~comparison｜~explanation｜~evaluation｜~generalization｜~introduction｜~response｜~answer｜~interpretation｜~proof｜~appraisal｜~experiment｜testing｜~demonstration｜~defense｜~expurgation｜~reaction｜record｜statistics｜~settlement｜~disposal｜~playing~decision｜~provision｜~accounting｜~connection｜~ Concession｜~Struggle｜~Sacrifice｜~Contribution｜~Preparation｜~Intention｜~Choice｜~Supplementation｜~Mobilization｜~Struggle｜~Improvement｜~Propaganda｜~Performances｜~Speech｜~Instructions｜~Guidance｜~Reviews｜Reports
Discussion: Combined with the treatment mentioned above, you may want to discuss which of the following groups of medical-related words are used ? as ? and which ones use ? do?
(1) surgery, physiotherapy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, magnetotherapy, electrotherapy, ultrasound, CT, gastroscopy, nuclear magnetic **** vibration
(2) cosmetic, eyebrow tattoo, breast augmentation, liposuction, enema, abortion, medical abortion, urine test, drug test, plastic surgery, slicing, qigong guidance
(3) treatment, laboratory tests, anesthesia, fluoroscopy, puncture, resection, dialysis, nursing, massage, traction, osteopathic, resection , bypass, organ transplantation, diagnosis
II. ? The following is a list of the most important aspects of the treatment of cancer. and? do? Both? The term "making" is used in the following ways. and "to do" have the meaning of "to make". It is customary to write the word "do" for specific things. Do? and abstract things are used to be written? made?
(a) the object is a general noun, the thing involved is more specific, it is customary to use ? do? : ～Rice｜～Breakfast｜～Dinner｜～New Year's Eve Dinner｜～Steamed Pork in Vermicelli｜～Shoes｜～Uniforms｜～Clothes｜～Dresses｜～needle and thread｜～Bread｜～Large wardrobe｜～Car｜~Model｜~Circle｜~Armrests｜｜Manuals and Feet｜~Marker. |composition, ～article? It is also customary to use ? It is also customary to use the word "do".
(ii) Several types of mental products, customarily used ? as ? (some of them are already synthetic words): ～poem｜～painting｜～music｜～music (yu?, to make music)～～miscellany｜～music｜～advertisement (if it means to make advertisement by using the material, then you can write ? Advertisement (If you want to make an advertisement using materials, you can write "to make an advertisement". Make an advertisement for a light box?)
These products made, i.e. works, are naturally written in ? as?
III. The first is a work of art, which has been written by the author of the book. and? do? are both? to be, to act as, to act as? and "to act as". However, with the exception of a small number of synonyms that arose earlier, it is generally customary to write ? do? as? as? are both correct (not as in ? to make a big difference? as? as?) The Modern Chinese Dictionary advocates writing ? as? We might as well adopt ? As?
Of course, ? as? object can sometimes be an object (with the object's ? identity? meaning), and it is also generally necessary to use ? as? : ~clue｜~example｜~look｜~cost｜~copy｜~example｜~information｜~capital｜~fronts｜carrying a few bricks ~stools｜taking this room ~parlor｜taking the bark of a tree ~the raw material for making paper｜taking a shoulder ~ladder｜~bedroom｜~downpouring｜~cover｜~raw material｜~favors ｜~blocking card｜signboard｜~perjury｜~referee(material)|collateralized(item)|~memorial(item).
(ii) Use ? as ? in some idioms and early compounds: 作废｜作罢｜作准｜作数｜作陪｜作客（他乡）｜作保｜作中｜作古｜以身作则｜认贼作父｜自我作古.
(3) As for ? Write? or? Do? Or do? We think it's better to write? Do it? We advocate that it is better to write?
(Author: Li Bing, researcher at the Institute of Language and Literature Application, Ministry of Education) (Source: Sichuan Language and Literature Network)
? and ? and ? and ? What is the difference in usage
The conjunction ? and ? and? and ? and? and ? Compared to? and ? are the most widely used and are common in both spoken and written language.
? and ? can be connected to a noun, a verb or an adjective to express equal union.
For example: ① The teacher and the students are in favor of this opinion. ③ His words were so clear and strong.
When expressing the equal union of more than 3 constituents, ? and ? should be placed between the last two, and the preceding components are connected by a pause.
For example: ① Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Guangzhou have carried out this work. ② Everything has a process of occurrence, development and extinction.
Also, when joining longer phrases, ? and ? can be preceded by a pause, separated in writing by a comma.
For example, it is the basic political slogan based on the historical itinerary of development, and the mobilizing slogans for each stage of development in order to realize such a slogan ? the mobilizing slogans.
? is the same as ? More often connected to the noun words, but also can be connected to the verb, adjective words, mostly used in written language, book titles, titles are common.
For example: ① the development of industry and agriculture are dependent on scientific and technological progress. ② Criticism and self-criticism are powerful measures to eliminate differences and enhance unity. ③ Both great and small things deserve our attention. ④The realization of peace and the consolidation of peace are two different things.
? and ? Generally connects juxtaposed noun constituents and is mostly used in written language. Followed by ? and ? When connecting three or more constituents, ? and ? should be used between the last two items. It is worth noting that ? and ? are often used to connect constituents in a primary and secondary way, ? and? After the composition is secondary.
For example: ① The main equipment and various spare parts for this test have been prepared. ② The doctors decided to unite all the medical staff of the city's hospitals and people from all walks of life to show their love for orphaned children. ③ Books, instruments and other articles have been moved into the new school building. [Du Yongdao, former editor-in-chief of the Language and Literature Newspaper, People's Daily Overseas Edition (06, May 08, 2010)]
? Special? versus ? Very?
Both are adverbs of degree, but there is a difference between them. In the case of modifying the same noun, ? special? than ? very? It is deeper, very is not general or not usual, while special is characteristic and different.
Example:
This glass of milk is not particularly fresh. （
This glass of milk is not very fresh. (Wrong)
The above two sentences show that ? It's not very fresh. can be affected by the fact that it is not very fresh. No. It's not. and not? and ? very? cannot be modified by adverbs of degree. (Source: Mandarin Education Network)
? Interference? is the same as ? intervention?